جائزة نوبل في الأدب 2022

Nobel prize medal.svg جائزة نوبل في الأدب 2022
"في مجال الأدب، من أنتج أبرز عمل في اتجاه مثالي".
قدمت منالأكاديمية السويدية
المضيفماتس مالم
التاريخ6 أكتوبر 2022 (2022-10-06)
المكانستوكهولم
البلدSweden
أول جائزة1901
الفائز الحاليسيُعلن عنها
الموقع الإلكترونيجائزة نوبل في الأدب 2022
 < 2021 Nobel Prize in Literature 2023 > 

جائزة نوبل في الأدب 2022 هي جائزة أدبية دولية ستُعلَنها الأكاديمية السويدية في ستوكهولم, Sweden, on October 6, 2022, and awarded late in 2022.

The 2021 Nobel laureate was awarded to Tanzanian-born British novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah "for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents".[1]

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المرشحون

احتمالات فوز المتسابقين

Among the strongest contenders for the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature were the following authors:[2][3][4][5][6]

Both novelists Javier Marías and Hilary Mantel were initially included at the online betting sites, but due to their sudden deaths were eventually removed.[4][7]

Contenders based on Nicer Odds and Ladbrokes
المرشح البلد الصنف
Pierre Michon (مواليد 1945)  فرنسا novel, short story
هاروكي موراكامي (مواليد 1949)  اليابان novel, short story, essays
Jon Fosse (مواليد 1959)  النرويج novel, short story, drama, poetry, essays
László Krasznahorkai (مواليد 1954)  المجر novel, short story, translation
Michel Houellebecq (مواليد 1956)  فرنسا novel, poetry, essays
نگوگي وا ثيونگو (مواليد 1938)  كنيا novel, drama, short story, essays
سلمان رشدي (مواليد 1947)  المملكة المتحدة novel, short story, essays, autobiography
Stephen King (مواليد 1947)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, essays
Anne Carson (مواليد 1950)  كندا poetry, essays
Annie Ernaux (مواليد 1940)  فرنسا novel, memoir, autobiography
تشيماماندا نجوزي أديتشي (مواليد 1977)  نيجريا novel, short story, essays
Cormac McCarthy (مواليد 1933)  الولايات المتحدة novel, drama, screenplay, short story
Edna O'Brien (مواليد 1930)  أيرلندا novel, memoir, drama, poetry, short story
Garielle Lutz (مواليد 1955)  الولايات المتحدة short story, poetry, essays
Gerald Murnane (مواليد 1939)  أستراليا novel, short story, essays, poetry, memoirs
Lyudmila Ulitskaya (مواليد 1943)  روسيا novel, short story, screenplay
Margaret Atwood (مواليد 1939)  كندا novel, short story, poetry, essays, literary criticism
Mircea Cărtărescu (مواليد 1958)  رومانيا novel, poetry, short story, literary criticism, essays
Thomas Pynchon (مواليد 1937)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, essays
Claudio Magris (مواليد 1939)  إيطاليا essays, translation, novel, short story
Don DeLillo (مواليد 1936)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, drama, screenplay, essays
Dubravka Ugrešić (مواليد 1949)  كرواتيا novel, essays
Emmanuel Carrère (مواليد 1957)  فرنسا novel, essays, biography, screenplay
Hélène Cixous (مواليد 1937)  فرنسا essays, literary criticism, philosophy, drama, poetry
Jamaica Kincaid (مواليد 1949)  أنتيگا وبربودا
 الولايات المتحدة 		novel, essays, short story
Maryse Condé (مواليد 1937)  فرنسا novel, drama, essays
Mia Couto (مواليد 1955)  موزمبيق novel, short story, essays
Ryszard Krynicki (مواليد 1943)  پولندا poetry, translation
Scholastique Mukasonga (مواليد 1956)  رواندا
 فرنسا 		novel, short story, memoirs
نور الدين فرح (مواليد 1945)  الصومال novel, drama, short story, essays
Péter Nádas (مواليد 1942)  المجر novel, drama, essays
Ali Smith (مواليد 1962)  المملكة المتحدة novel, short story, drama, essays
Amitav Ghosh (مواليد 1956)  الهند novel, essays
Andrey Kurkov (مواليد 1961)  أوكرانيا novel, essays, screenplay
António Lobo Antunes (مواليد 1942)  الپرتغال novel, short story
Colson Whitehead (مواليد 1969)  الولايات المتحدة novel, history, short story, essays
Dag Solstad (مواليد 1941)  النرويج novel, short story, drama
David Grossman (مواليد 1954)  إسرائيل novel, essays
Edmund White (مواليد 1940)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, memoirs, essays
Homero Aridjis (مواليد 1940)  المكسيك poetry, novel, drama, short story, essays
Claudia Lee Hae-in (مواليد 1945)  كوريا الجنوبية poetry, essays
Ismail Kadare (مواليد 1936)  ألبانيا novel, poetry, essays, drama, screenplay, short story
Joyce Carol Oates (مواليد 1938)  الولايات المتحدة novel, drama, poetry, short story, essays, literary criticism
Karl Ove Knausgård (b.1968)  النرويج novel, autobiography
محمود دولت آبادي (مواليد 1940)  إيران novel
ماري ندياي (مواليد 1967)  فرنسا novel, short story, essays, drama, screenplay
Martha Nussbaum (مواليد 1947)  الولايات المتحدة philosophy
Robert Coover (مواليد 1932)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, drama
Robert Macfarlane (مواليد 1976)  المملكة المتحدة essays
Sebastian Barry (مواليد 1955)  أيرلندا novel, poetry, drama
Wendell Berry (مواليد 1934)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, essays
William T. Vollmann (مواليد 1959)  الولايات المتحدة novel, short story, essays
Yan Lianke (مواليد 1958)  الصين novel, short story
Botho Strauss (مواليد 1944)  ألمانيا drama, novel, essays
Charles Simic (مواليد 1938)  صربيا
 الولايات المتحدة 		poetry, essays
Ivan Vladislavić (مواليد 1957)  جنوب أفريقيا novel, short story, essays
Linton Kwesi Johnson (مواليد 1952)  جامايكا
 المملكة المتحدة 		poetry, songwriting
Murray Bail (مواليد 1941)  أستراليا novel, short story, essays
شي شي (مواليد 1938)  الصين novel, poetry, short story, essays
تسان شوى (مواليد 1953)  الصين novel, short story, literary criticism
Ko Un (مواليد 1933)  كوريا الجنوبية poetry, essays
Marilynne Robinson (مواليد 1943)  الولايات المتحدة novel, essays
Martin Amis (مواليد 1949)  المملكة المتحدة novel, essays, memoir, screenplay
Milan Kundera (مواليد 1929)  التشيك
 فرنسا 		novel, short story, poetry, essay, drama
يو هوا (مواليد 1960)  الصين novel, short story, essays
Zoë Wicomb (مواليد 1948)  جنوب أفريقيا novel, short story, essays, literary criticism
أدونيس[5] (مواليد 1930)  سوريا poetry, essays, translation
Edwidge Danticat[5] (مواليد 1969)  هايتي
 الولايات المتحدة 		novel, short story, essays
شهرنوش پارسي‌پور[5] (مواليد 1946)  إيران novel, short story, translation
سليم بركات[5] (مواليد 1951)  سوريا novel, poetry, short story, autobiography
Hwang Sok-yong[5] (مواليد 1943)  كوريا الجنوبية novel, short story
Boubacar Boris Diop[5] (مواليد 1946)  السنغال novel, essays, drama, screenplays
César Aira[5] (مواليد 1949)  الأرجنتين novel, essays, short story, translation


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المرشحون الرسميون

Records of nominations are strictly kept secret by the Swedish Academy for 50 years until they are made publicly available[8] but some literary organizations and academies would announce beforehand their nominations.[9][10] The following list were the authors nominated formally for the 2022 prize:

المتسابقون بناء على وكالات أنباء محققة
المرشح البلد الصنف المرشِح
سليم بركات[11] (مواليد 1951)  سوريا الرواية، الشعر، القصة القصيرة، السيرة الذاتية الرابطة القلمية السويدية
إدويدج دانتيكا[11] (مواليد 1969)  هايتي
 الولايات المتحدة 		الرواية، القصة القصيرة، السيرة
گيورگي گوسپودينوڤ[9] (مواليد 1968)  بلغاريا روايات وشعر ودراما زدراڤكا إڤتيموڤا (مواليد 1959)
إنعام كجه جي[11][12] (مواليد 1952)  العراق روايات ومقالات الرابطة القلمية السويدية
سرگي جادان[13] (مواليد 1974)  أوكرانيا الشعر، الرواية، المقالة، الترجمة أكاديمية العلوم الپولندية

حملات نوبل لسلمان رشدي

انظر أيضاً: طعن سلمان رشدي
Salman Rushdie at a breakfast honoring Israeli literary legend Amos Oz on the Upper East Side في منهاتن، بمدينة نيويورك (2008).

Following the attack on the British author Salman Rushdie on August 12, 2022[14][15][16] as he was about to give a public lecture at the Chautauqua Institution in Chautauqua, New York, numerous academic institutions and societies started calling the attention of the Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee to bestow him this year's Nobel Prize in Literature.[17][18][19] Among the authors calling to recognize Rushdie were French philosopher Bernard-Henri Lévy,[20] French Minister of Culture Françoise Nyssen, British writers Ian McEwan and Neil Gaiman, Indian writers Kavery Nambisan and Adil Jussawalla,[19] and Canadian author Margaret Atwood who declared, "If we don’t defend free speech, we live in tyranny: Salman Rushdie shows us that."[21][22][23] American journalist David Remnick explains why Rushdie deserves the Nobel Prize:

"As a literary artist, Rushdie is richly deserving of the Nobel, and the case is only augmented by his role as an uncompromising defender of freedom and a symbol of resiliency. No such gesture could reverse the wave of illiberalism that has engulfed so much of the world. But, after all its bewildering choices, the Swedish Academy has the opportunity, by answering the ugliness of a state-issued death sentence with the dignity of its highest award, to rebuke all the clerics, autocrats, and demagogues—including our own—who would galvanize their followers at the expense of human liberty. Freedom of expression, as Rushdie’s ordeal reminds us, has never come free, but the prize is worth the price."[17]

Rushdie, known for his controversial 1988 novel The Satanic Verses which earned him a fatwā from Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Khomeini, has annually been included in the Ladbrokes odds.[24][25] Journalist Jeff Simon of The Buffalo News expressed the possibility of Rushdie winning the prestigious prize, saying:

"A Nobel for Rushdie wouldn't only be a glorious message from our civilization to all who would decry "the free word"; it would, in effect, be a way of redeeming, in its hour of need, the Nobel Prize for Literature itself... And now just imagine what it might possibly mean this October if they decided, after all, to give the Nobel to [him], who currently lives and works in America but is civilization's very symbol of how much courage is often required of the written word in this world."[18]

It was not until 27 years after when the Swedish Academy, who had been neutral regarding the Rushdie affairs, has condemned the Iranian death warrant against the British author.[26] Prior to the condemnation, two of the Academy's members, Kerstin Ekman and Lars Gyllensten, stopped participating in the Academy's work in protest at its refusal to make an appeal to the Swedish cabinet in support for Rushdie.[27][28]

Rushdie is noted for his literary works such as Midnight's Children (1981), The Moor's Last Sigh (1995), Shalimar the Clown (2005), and Joseph Anton: A Memoir (2012), an account of his life in the wake of the events following The Satanic Verses.[24] Since then he has become an icon for "freedom of speech" in the realm of literature.[29][30][31][32]

لجنة نوبل

The Swedish Academy's Nobel Committee is composed of the following members:[33]

المراجع

  1. ^ The Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 nobelprize.org
  2. ^ "2022 Nobel Prize in Literature". sports.ladbrokes.com. Retrieved 21 September 2022
  3. ^ Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 Odds nicerodds.co.uk
  4. ^ أ ب Emily Temple (26 September 2022). "Here are the bookies' odds for the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature". Literary Hub. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  5. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د Lavanya Krishnan and Sandeep Bethanabhotla (30 September 2022). "Some Predictions For Who (Should) Win the 2022 Nobel Prize for Literature". Literary Hub. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  6. ^ Alex Shephard (3 October 2022). "Who Will Win the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature?". The New Republic. Retrieved 3 October 2022.
  7. ^ "Betting lists with odds for the Nobel Prize in Literature 2022 at Ladbrokes betting are ready – Dagsavisen". The Norway Posts. 23 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  8. ^ "Nobelarkivet". svenskaakademien.se. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  9. ^ أ ب "Bulgarian Author is Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature". Novinite. 26 May 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  10. ^ "Vietnam misses nomination for Nobel Prize in Literature". english.vov.vn. 19 February 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  11. ^ أ ب ت "Iraqi novelist Inam Kachachi has been nominated for the Nobel Prize for Literature". iraqpalm.com. 12 December 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  12. ^ "Novelist Inaam Kachachi Was Not Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature". misbar.com. 18 December 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  13. ^ "Serhiy Zhadan was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature". Chytomo. 3 March 2022. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  14. ^ Goodman, Joshua (12 August 2022). "Author Salman Rushdie attacked on lecture stage in New York". Associated Press (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  15. ^ Staniszewski, Eugene J. (12 August 2022). "State Police are investigating an attack on author Salman Rushdie". New York State Police Newsroom (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  16. ^ "Salman Rushdie & Henry Reese". Chautauqua Institution (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Archived from the original on 12 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  17. ^ أ ب David Remnick (28 August 2022). "It's Time for Salman Rushdie's Nobel Prize". The New Yorker. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  18. ^ أ ب Jeff Simon (31 August 2022). "Restore the luster of the Nobel Prize for Literature. Give it to Salman Rushdie". The Buffalo News. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  19. ^ أ ب R. Raj Rao (24 September 2022). "Should Salman Rushdie get the Nobel Prize for literature in 2022?". Scroll.in. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
  20. ^ Walter Ellis (17 August 2022). "Bérnard-Henri Lévy champions Salman Rushdie for the Nobel Prize". reaction.life. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  21. ^ Margaret Atwood (15 August 2022). "If we don't defend free speech, we live in tyranny: Salman Rushdie shows us that". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  22. ^ "Nobel campaign for writer Salman Rushdie". Latin American News. Retrieved 21 September 2021. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  23. ^ "French authors ask for the Nobel Prize for Literature for Salman Rushdie, the writer who was stabbed in public". 247 News Agency. 14 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  24. ^ أ ب Jonathan Russell Clark (7 October 2015). "Why Salman Rushdie Should Win the Nobel Prize in Literature". Literary Hub. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  25. ^ Anis Shivani (4 October 2011). "Which Writer Most Deserves the 2011 Nobel Prize in Literature?". HuffPost. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  26. ^ "Swedish Academy condemns Salman Rushdie death warrant 27 years later". The Guardian. 24 March 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  27. ^ "Nobel Judge Steps Down in Protest". BBC News. 11 أكتوبر 2005. Archived from the original on 18 أكتوبر 2006. Retrieved 21 سبتمبر 2022.
  28. ^ Associated Press, "Who Deserves Nobel Prize? Judges Don't Agree" Archived 5 مايو 2020 at the Wayback Machine, MSNBC, 11 October 2005. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  29. ^ "Salman Rushdie and the struggle for free speech". The Economist. 18 August 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  30. ^ Becky Sullivan (19 August 2022). "Since 1989, threats to Salman Rushdie have sparked support and debate on free speech". National Public Radio. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  31. ^ Jennifer Schuessler (15 August 2022). "The Stabbing of Salman Rushdie Renews Free Speech Debates". New York Times. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  32. ^ Alex Morey (10 November 2015). "Salman Rushdie Champions Free Speech, Chides Coddled Students at 'Chicago Tribune' Award Ceremony". thefire.org. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  33. ^ The Nobel Committee 2022 – Nobel Prize in Literature svenskaakademien.se

وصلات خارجية

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