قالب:جدول نيكل

Demo, ₀₀Xx
Demo في الجدول الدوري
	{{{left}}} ← demo → {{{right}}}
الرقم الذري (Z)	{{{number}}}
نظائر الdemo v • [{{fullurl:Template:{{{template}}}\|action=edit}} e]
	قالب:جدول نظائر demo غير موجود
	التصنيف: Demo; view; talk; edit; \| المراجع

جدول نيكل, ₀₀Xx
{{{name}}} في الجدول الدوري
	{{{left}}} ← {{{name}}} → {{{right}}}
الرقم الذري (Z)	{{{number}}}
[[نظائر ال{{{name}}}]] v • [{{fullurl:Template:{{{template}}}\|action=edit}} e]
	قالب:جدول نظائر اليورانيوم غير موجود
	التصنيف: Chemical elements; view; talk; edit; \| المراجع

النيكل, ₀₀Ni
النيكل
المظهر	رمادي فلزي ذو بريق ذهبي
الوزن الذري العياري Ar°(Ni)
النيكل في الجدول الدوري
	كوبالت ← النيكل → نحاس
الرقم الذري (Z)	28
المجموعة	10
الدورة	period 4
المستوى الفرعي	d-block
التوزيع الإلكتروني	[Ar] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1 (انظر النص)
الإلكترونات بالغلاف	2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1
الخصائص الطبيعية
الطور at د.ح.ض.ق	صلب
نقطة الانصهار	1728 K (1455 °س، 2651 °F)
نقطة الغليان	3003 K (2730 °س، 4946 °ف)
الكثافة (بالقرب من د.ح.غ.)	8.908 ج/سم³
حين يكون سائلاً (عند ن.إ.)	7.81 ج/سم³
حرارة الانصهار	17.48 kJ/mol
حرارة التبخر	379 kJ/mol
السعة الحرارية المولية	26.07 J/(mol·K)
الخصائص الذرية
حالات الأكسدة	4, 3, 2, 1, −1 (a mildly basic oxide)
الكهرسلبية	مقياس پاولنگ: 1.91
طاقات التأين	الأول: 737.1 kJ/mol ; الثاني: 1753.0 kJ/mol ; الثالث: 3395 kJ/mol ; (المزيد) ;
نصف القطر الذري	empirical: 124 pm
نصف قطر التكافؤ	124±4 pm
نصف قطر ڤان در ڤالز	163 pm
	الخطوط الطيفية
	الخطوط الطيفية
خصائص أخرى
البنية البلورية	مكعب محوري الوجه ملف:مكعب محوري الوجه
سرعة الصوت قضيب رفيع	90.9 W/(m·K)
التمدد الحراري	13.4 µm/(m⋅K) (عند 25 °س)
المقاومة الكهربائية	69.3 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
الترتيب المغناطيسي	مغناطيسي حديدي
معامل يونگ	200 GPa
معامل القص	76 GPa
معاير الحجم	180 GPa
نسبة پواسون	0.31
صلادة موز	4.0
صلادة ڤيكرز	638 MPa
صلادة برينل	700 MPa
رقم كاس	7440-02-0
التاريخ
الاكتشاف	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
أول عزل	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
نظائر الالنيكل v • [{{fullurl:Template:{{{template}}}\|action=edit}} e]
	قالب:جدول نظائر النيكل غير موجود
	التصنيف: النيكل; view; talk; edit; \| المراجع

المراجع

^ Carnes, M.; et al. (2009). "A Stable Tetraalkyl Complex of Nickel(IV)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48: 3384. doi:10.1002/anie.200804435. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
^ Pfirrmann, S.; et al. (2009). "A Dinuclear Nickel(I) Dinitrogen Complex and its Reduction in Single-Electron Steps". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48: 3357. doi:10.1002/anie.200805862. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)

Template documentation[view] [edit] [history] [purge]

Infoboxes for the chemical elements use the core template {{Infobox element}}.

Parameters

In general

Usually parameters reproduce the value, and the template adds the SI unit or additional standard text. While the topic is technical, we can strive to make the result readable text, and even verbose. Not every reader is the Seaborg you are. For example, this is why the template writes "(at 0 °C)". For this, you may want to experiment with parameter input too - or propose improvements.

All this can vary across the values (data rows). So depending on the row and the specific value, additional formattings may be added by the template (e.g., a newline <br>)

Parameter naming patterns (do not type the _ underscore):

..._2, ..._3

Numbered values make a list.

..._ref

Most parameters have a _ref brother that allows for the reference. This reference is added right after the unit.

..._comment

Parameters with a _comment suffix are added to the end of a line, with a space added. Comments are reproduced without additions (no brackets, no italics, ...).

Parameter list

This parameter list: view • edit

{{Infobox element
<!-- top -->
|image name=
|image alt=
|image size=
|image name comment=
|image name 2=
|image alt 2=
|image size 2=
|image name 2 comment=
<!-- General properties -->
|name=
|symbol=
|pronounce=
|pronounce ref=
|pronounce comment=
|pronounce 2=
|alt name=
|alt names=
|allotropes=
|appearance=
<!-- Periodic table -->
|above=
|below=
|left=
|right=
|number=
|atomic mass=
|atomic mass 2=
|atomic mass ref=
|atomic mass comment=
|series=
|series ref=
|series comment=
|series color=
|group=
|group ref=
|group comment=
|period=
|period ref=
|period comment=
|block=
|block ref=
|block comment=
|electron configuration=
|electron configuration ref=
|electron configuration comment=
|electrons per shell=
|electrons per shell ref=
|electrons per shell comment=
<!-- Physical properties -->
|physical properties comment=
|color=
|phase=
|phase ref=
|phase comment=
|melting point K=
|melting point C=
|melting point F=
|melting point ref=
|melting point comment=
|boiling point K=
|boiling point C=
|boiling point F=
|boiling point ref=
|boiling point comment=
|sublimation point K=
|sublimation point C=
|sublimation point F=
|sublimation point ref=
|sublimation point comment=
|density gplstp=
|density gplstp ref=
|density gplstp comment=
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt ref=
|density gpcm3nrt comment=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3nrt 2 ref=
|density gpcm3nrt 2 comment=
|density gpcm3nrt 3=
|density gpcm3nrt 3 ref=
|density gpcm3nrt 3 comment=
|density gpcm3mp=
|density gpcm3mp ref=
|density gpcm3mp comment=
|density gpcm3bp=
|density gpcm3bp ref=
|density gpcm3bp comment=
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|triple point ref=
|triple point comment=
|triple point K 2=
|triple point kPa 2=
|triple point 2 ref=
|triple point 2 comment=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|critical point ref=
|critical point comment=
|heat fusion=
|heat fusion ref=
|heat fusion comment=
|heat fusion 2=
|heat fusion 2 ref=
|heat fusion 2 comment=
|heat vaporization=
|heat vaporization ref=
|heat vaporization comment=
|heat capacity=
|heat capacity ref=
|heat capacity comment=
|heat capacity 2=
|heat capacity 2 ref=
|heat capacity 2 comment=
|vapor pressure 1=
|vapor pressure 10=
|vapor pressure 100=
|vapor pressure 1 k=
|vapor pressure 10 k=
|vapor pressure 100 k=
|vapor pressure ref=
|vapor pressure comment=
|vapor pressure 1 2=
|vapor pressure 10 2=
|vapor pressure 100 2=
|vapor pressure 1 k 2=
|vapor pressure 10 k 2=
|vapor pressure 100 k 2=
|vapor pressure 2 ref=
|vapor pressure 2 comment=
<!-- Atomic properties -->
|atomic properties comment=
|oxidation states=
|oxidation states ref=
|oxidation states comment=
|electronegativity=
|electronegativity ref=
|electronegativity comment=
|ionization energy 1=
|ionization energy 1 ref=
|ionization energy 1 comment=
|ionization energy 2=
|ionization energy 2 ref=
|ionization energy 2 comment=
|ionization energy 3=
|ionization energy 3 ref=
|ionization energy 3 comment=
|number of ionization energies=
|ionization energy ref=
|ionization energy comment=
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius ref=
|atomic radius comment=
|atomic radius calculated=
|atomic radius calculated ref=
|atomic radius calculated comment=
|covalent radius=
|covalent radius ref=
|covalent radius comment=
|Van der Waals radius=
|Van der Waals radius ref=
|Van der Waals radius comment=
<!-- Miscellanea -->
|crystal structure=
|crystal structure prefix=
|crystal structure ref=
|crystal structure comment=
|crystal structure 2=
|crystal structure 2 prefix=
|crystal structure 2 ref=
|crystal structure 2 comment=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound ref=
|speed of sound comment=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at 20 ref=
|speed of sound rod at 20 comment=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|speed of sound rod at r.t. ref=
|speed of sound rod at r.t. comment=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion ref=
|thermal expansion comment=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|thermal expansion at 25 ref=
|thermal expansion at 25 comment=
|thermal conductivity=
|thermal conductivity ref=
|thermal conductivity comment=
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal conductivity 2 ref=
|thermal conductivity 2 comment=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal diffusivity ref=
|thermal diffusivity comment=
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=
|electrical resistivity ref=
|electrical resistivity comment=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 0 ref=
|electrical resistivity at 0 comment=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|electrical resistivity at 20 ref=
|electrical resistivity at 20 comment=
|band gap=
|band gap ref=
|band gap comment=
|Curie point K=
|Curie point ref=
|Curie point comment=
|magnetic ordering=
|magnetic ordering ref=
|magnetic ordering comment=
|tensile strength=
|tensile strength ref=
|tensile strength comment=
|Young's modulus=
|Young's modulus ref=
|Young's modulus comment=
|Shear modulus=
|Shear modulus ref=
|Shear modulus comment=
|Bulk modulus=
|Bulk modulus ref=
|Bulk modulus comment=
|Poisson ratio=
|Poisson ratio ref=
|Poisson ratio comment=
|Mohs hardness=
|Mohs hardness ref=
|Mohs hardness comment=
|Mohs hardness 2=
|Mohs hardness 2 ref=
|Mohs hardness 2 comment=
|Vickers hardness=
|Vickers hardness ref=
|Vickers hardness comment=
|Brinell hardness=
|Brinell hardness ref=
|Brinell hardness comment=
|CAS number=
|CAS number ref=
|CAS number comment=
<!-- History -->
|naming=
|predicted by=
|prediction date ref=
|prediction date=
|discovered by=
|discovery date ref=
|discovery date=
|first isolation by=
|first isolation date ref=
|first isolation date=
|named by=
|named date ref=
|named date=
|history comment label=
|history comment=
<!-- Isotopes -->
|isotopes=
|isotopes comment=
|engvar=
 }}

{{Infobox element}}; labels & notes:
TOP
(Image)
 
 
 
(Image 2)
 
 
 
GENERAL PROPERTIES
Name
symbol
Pronunciation
 
 
 
Alternative name(s)
 
Allotropes
Appearance
<element> IN THE PERIODIC TABLE
Periodic table
 
 
 
Atomic number
Standard atomic weight
()
 
 
Element category
 
 
(Header bg color)
Group
 
 
Period
 
 
Block
 
 
Electron configuration
 
 
Electrons per shell
 
 
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
 
Color
Phase
 
 
 
Melting point
 
 
 
 
Boiling point
 
 
 
 
Sublimation point
 
 
 
Density
 
 
Density
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liquid density
 
 
Liquid density
 
 
Triple point
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Critical point
 
 
 
Heat of fusion
 
 
 
 
 
Heat of vaporization
 
 
Molar heat capacity
 
 
 
 
 
Vapor pressure
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Vapor pressure
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ATOMIC PROPERTIES

Oxidation states
 
 
Electronegativity
 
 
Ionization energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Atomic radius
 
 
 
 
 
Covalent radius
 
 
Van der Waals radius
 
 
MISCELLANEA
Crystal structure
 
 
 
Crystal structure
 
 
 
Speed of sound
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Thermal expansion
 
 
 
 
 
Thermal conductivity
 
 
 
 
 
Thermal diffusivity
 
 
Electrical resistivity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Band gap
 
 
Curie point
 
 
Magnetic ordering
 
 
Tensile strength
 
 
Young's modulus
 
 
Shear modulus
 
 
Bulk modulus
 
 
Poisson ratio
 
 
Mohs hardness
 
 
 
 
 
Vickers hardness
 
 
Brinell hardness
 
 
CAS Number
 
 
HISTORY
Naming
Prediction
 
()
Discovery
 
()
First isolation
 
()
Named by
 
()
 
(History comment)
ISOTOPES OF <element>
Isotopes of <element>
 
(wp:engvar)

Subtemplates

النظائر

Isotopes

Isotopes are to be entered by the editor using these subtemplates:

{{Infobox element/isotopes stable}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay2}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 (2 2 1)}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay4}}

Examples (from various elements):

| isotopes =
{{Infobox element/isotopes stable
 | link=Fluorine-19 | mn=19 | sym=F | na=100% | n=10 }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay 
 | mn=251 | sym=Cf
 | na=trace | hl=898 y
 | dm=α | de=6.172 | link1=curium-247 | pn=247 | ps=Cm}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay2 | mn=252 | sym=Cf
 | na=trace | hl=2.645 y
 | dm1=α (96.91%)| de1=6.217 | link1=curium-248 | pn1=248 | ps1=Cm
 | dm2=SF (3.09%)| de2=– | pn2= | ps2=–}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3
 | mn=26 | sym=Al | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]] | hl={{val|7.17|e=5|ul=y}}
 | dm1=[[Positron emission|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de1=1.17 | link1=magnesium-26
 | pn1=26 | ps1=Mg
 | dm2=[[electron capture|ε]] | de2=- | link2=magnesium-26 | pn2=26 | ps2=Mg
 | dm3=[[Gamma radiation|γ]] | de3=1.8086 | pn3= | ps3=-
}}
{{Infobox element/isotopes decay3 (2 2 1) 
 | mn=22 | sym=Na | na=[[trace radioisotope|trace]]
 | hl=[[1 E7 s|2.602]] [[year|y]] | dm1=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]]
 | de1a=0.5454 | link1a=neon-22 | pn1a=22 | ps1a=Ne*
 | de1b=1.27453(2)<ref name=npa521_1>{{cite journal
 | last=Endt | first=P. M.
 | title=Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VII)
 | journal=Nuclear Physics A | volume=521 | pages=1–400
 | date=1990 | doi=10.1016/0375-9474(90)90598-G
 | bibcode=1990NuPhA.521....1E
}}</ref> | pn1b=22 | ps1b=Ne
 | dm2=[[electron capture|ε]]→[[Gamma decay|γ]]
 | de2a=- | pn2a=22 | ps2a=Ne*
 | de2b=1.27453(2)
 | pn2b=22 | ps2b=Ne
 | dm3=[[Beta decay|β<sup>+</sup>]] | de3=1.8200
 | pn3=22 | ps3=Ne }}
{{Infobox element/isotopes_decay4 | mn=260 | sym=Md
 | na=[[synthetic radioisotope|syn]] | hl=31.8 [[day|d]]
 | dm1=SF | de1=- | pn1= | ps1=-
 | dm2=α | de2=7.000 | link2=einsteinium-256 | pn2=256 | ps2=Es
 | dm3=ε | de3=- | link3=fermium-260 | pn3=260 | ps3=Fm
 | dm4=[[beta emission|β<sup>−</sup>]]
 | de4=1.000 | link4=nobelium-260 | pn4=260 | ps4=No}}
 |isotopes comment=reference{{sfn|Chisté|2006}}1310<br>
 * = [[excited state]]

produces the subtable:

Other

Other subtemplates are used automatically; they do not need specific editor's input.

{{Infobox element/group}}
{{Infobox element/periodic table}}

When atomic number ≥ 119, the miniature periodic table shows an extended version (period 8 and up). See, for example, {{Infobox ununennium}}.

المراجع

^ Endt, P. M. (1990). "Energy levels of A = 21–44 nuclei (VII)". Nuclear Physics A. 521: 1–400. Bibcode:1990NuPhA.521....1E. doi:10.1016/0375-9474(90)90598-G.
^ Chisté 2006.

v t e Index to chemical element infoboxes
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1	₁H ibox +/−																	₂He ibox +/−
2	₃Li ibox +/−	₄Be ibox +/−											₅B ibox +/−	₆C ibox +/−	₇N ibox +/−	₈O ibox +/−	₉F ibox +/−	₁₀Ne ibox +/−
3	₁₁Na ibox +/−	₁₂Mg ibox +/−											₁₃Al ibox +/−	₁₄Si ibox +/−	₁₅P ibox +/−	₁₆S ibox +/−	₁₇Cl ibox +/−	₁₈Ar ibox +/−
4	₁₉K ibox +/−	₂₀Ca ibox +/−	₂₁Sc ibox +/−	₂₂Ti ibox +/−	₂₃V ibox +/−	₂₄Cr ibox +/−	₂₅Mn ibox +/−	₂₆Fe ibox +/−	₂₇Co ibox +/−	₂₈Ni ibox +/−	₂₉Cu ibox +/−	₃₀Zn ibox +/−	₃₁Ga ibox +/−	₃₂Ge ibox +/−	₃₃As ibox +/−	₃₄Se ibox +/−	₃₅Br ibox +/−	₃₆Kr ibox +/−
5	₃₇Rb ibox +/−	₃₈Sr ibox +/−	₃₉Y ibox +/−	₄₀Zr ibox +/−	₄₁Nb ibox +/−	₄₂Mo ibox +/−	₄₃Tc ibox +/−	₄₄Ru ibox +/−	₄₅Rh ibox +/−	₄₆Pd ibox +/−	₄₇Ag ibox +/−	₄₈Cd ibox +/−	₄₉In ibox +/−	₅₀Sn ibox +/−	₅₁Sb ibox +/−	₅₂Te ibox +/−	₅₃ I ibox +/−	₅₄Xe ibox +/−
6	₅₅Cs ibox +/−	₅₆Ba ibox +/−		₇₂Hf ibox +/−	₇₃Ta ibox +/−	₇₄W ibox +/−	₇₅Re ibox +/−	₇₆Os ibox +/−	₇₇Ir ibox +/−	₇₈Pt ibox +/−	₇₉Au ibox +/−	₈₀Hg ibox +/−	₈₁Tl ibox +/−	₈₂Pb ibox +/−	₈₃Bi ibox +/−	₈₄Po ibox +/−	₈₅At ibox +/−	₈₆Rn ibox +/−
7	₈₇Fr ibox +/−	₈₈Ra ibox +/−		₁₀₄Rf ibox +/−	₁₀₅Db ibox +/−	₁₀₆Sg ibox +/−	₁₀₇Bh ibox +/−	₁₀₈Hs ibox +/−	₁₀₉Mt ibox +/−	₁₁₀Ds ibox +/−	₁₁₁Rg ibox +/−	₁₁₂Cn ibox +/−	₁₁₃Uut ibox +/−	₁₁₄Fl ibox +/−	₁₁₅Uup ibox +/−	₁₁₆Lv ibox +/−	₁₁₇Uus ibox +/−	₁₁₈Uuo ibox +/−
8	₁₁₉Uue ibox +/−	₁₂₀Ubn ibox +/−

			₅₇La ibox +/−	₅₈Ce ibox +/−	₅₉Pr ibox +/−	₆₀Nd ibox +/−	₆₁Pm ibox +/−	₆₂Sm ibox +/−	₆₃Eu ibox +/−	₆₄Gd ibox +/−	₆₅Tb ibox +/−	₆₆Dy ibox +/−	₆₇Ho ibox +/−	₆₈Er ibox +/−	₆₉Tm ibox +/−	₇₀Yb ibox +/−	₇₁Lu ibox +/−
			₈₉Ac ibox +/−	₉₀Th ibox +/−	₉₁Pa ibox +/−	₉₂U ibox +/−	₉₃Np ibox +/−	₉₄Pu ibox +/−	₉₅Am ibox +/−	₉₆Cm ibox +/−	₉₇Bk ibox +/−	₉₈Cf ibox +/−	₉₉Es ibox +/−	₁₀₀Fm ibox +/−	₁₀₁Md ibox +/−	₁₀₂No ibox +/−	₁₀₃Lr ibox +/−
Category:Periodic table infobox templates (by element) • Category:Infobox element templates (subtemplates)
Sandboxes: {{Infobox element/sandbox}} • {{Infobox element/testcases}}

المراجع

Parameters

Subtemplates

النظائر

Other

المراجع

See also