قائمة مجالات المستوى الأعلى على الإنترنت
هذه قائمة مجالات المستوى الأعلى على الإنترنت. لمزيد من المعلومات طالع مقال مجال المستوى الأعلى.
القائمة الرسمية لجميع مجالات المستوى الأعلى تم وضعها من قبل آيانا Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).[1]
gTLD | الكيان | الهوامش |
---|---|---|
.aero | صناعة النقل الجوي | Must verify eligibility for registration; only those in various categories of air-travel-related entities may register. |
.asia | منطقة آسيا-الهادي | This is a TLD for companies, organizations, and individuals based in the region of Asia, Australia, and the Pacific. |
.biz | أعمال | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register; however, registrations may be challenged later if they are not by commercial entities in accordance with the domain's charter. |
.cat | كاتالانية | This is a TLD for Web sites in the Catalan language or related to Catalan culture. |
.com | تجارية | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. |
.coop | تعاونية | The .coop TLD is limited to cooperatives as defined by the Rochdale Principles. |
.edu | تعليمية | The .edu TLD is limited to accredited postsecondary institutions (nearly all 2 and 4-year colleges and universities in the U.S. and increasingly overseas, e.g., Australia and China). |
.gov | حكومة الولايات المتحدة | The .gov TLD is limited to U.S. governmental entities and agencies (mostly but not exclusively federal). |
.info | معلوماتية | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. |
.int | منظمات دولية | The .int TLD is strictly limited to organizations, offices, and programs which are endorsed by a treaty between two or more nations. |
.jobs | شركات | The .jobs TLD is designed to be added after the names of established companies with jobs to advertise. At this time, owners of a "company.jobs" domain are not permitted to post jobs of third party employers. |
.mil | الجيش الأمريكي | The .mil TLD is limited to use by the U.S. military. |
.mobi | أجهزة محمول | Must be used for mobile-compatible sites in accordance with standards. |
.museum | متاحف | Must be verified as a legitimate museum. |
.name | أفراد، حسب الاسم | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register; however, registrations may be challenged later if they are not by individuals (or the owners of fictional characters) in accordance with the domain's charter. |
.net | شبكات | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. |
.org | منظمات | This is an open TLD; any person or entity is permitted to register. |
.pro | مهن | Currently, .pro is reserved for licensed or certified lawyers, accountants, physicians and engineers in France, Canada, UK and the U.S. A professional seeking to register a .pro domain must provide their registrar with the appropriate credentials. |
.tel | خدمات اتصالات الإنترنت | |
.travel | مواقع متعلقة بالسياحة والسفر | Must be verified as a legitimate travel-related entity. |
ccTLD | البلد/التبعية/المنطقة | هوامش |
.ac | ![]() |
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.ad | ![]() |
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.ae | ![]() |
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.af | ![]() |
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.ag | ![]() |
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.ai | ![]() |
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.al | ![]() |
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.am | ![]() |
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.an | ![]() |
Local presence required |
.ao | ![]() |
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.aq | ![]() |
Defined by the Antarctic Treaty as everything south of latitude 60°S. |
.ar | ![]() |
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.as | ![]() |
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.at | ![]() |
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.au | ![]() |
Includes Ashmore and Cartier Islands and Coral Sea Islands. |
.aw | ![]() |
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.ax | ![]() |
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.az | ![]() |
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.ba | ![]() |
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.bb | ![]() |
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.bd | ![]() |
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.be | ![]() |
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.bf | ![]() |
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.bg | ![]() |
(България) |
.bh | ![]() |
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.bi | ![]() |
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.bj | ![]() |
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.bm | ![]() |
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.bn | ![]() |
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.bo | ![]() |
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.br | ![]() |
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.bs | ![]() |
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.bt | ![]() |
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.bv | ![]() |
Not in use (Norwegian dependency; see .no). |
.bw | ![]() |
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.by | ![]() |
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.bz | ![]() |
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.ca | ![]() |
Subject to Canadian Presence Requirements. |
.cc | ![]() |
(Australian territory: do not confuse with Cocos islands in Guam.) |
.cd | ![]() |
Formerly Zaire. |
.cf | ![]() |
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.cg | ![]() |
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.ch | ![]() |
(Confoederatio Helvetica, Confédération helvétique) |
.ci | ![]() |
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.ck | ![]() |
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.cl | ![]() |
Domain registrations require local presence in Chile. |
.cm | ![]() |
A local entity/company in Cameroon is required to register a domain name. |
.cn | ![]() |
Registration allowed worldwide. Hong Kong and Macau also maintain TLDs. |
.co | ![]() |
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.cr | ![]() |
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.cu | ![]() |
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.cv | ![]() |
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.cx | ![]() |
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.cy | ![]() |
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.cz | ![]() |
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.de | ![]() |
(Deutschland) |
.dj | ![]() |
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.dk | ![]() |
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.dm | ![]() |
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.do | ![]() |
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.dz | ![]() |
(Dzayer) |
.ec | ![]() |
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.ee | ![]() |
(Eesti) Only available for Estonia registered brands and companies. |
.eg | ![]() |
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.er | ![]() |
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.es | ![]() |
(España) |
.et | ![]() |
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.eu | ![]() |
Restricted to institutions (under the .europa.eu subdomain), companies, and individuals in the European Union (or in other overseas or autonomous regions of member countries). |
.fi | ![]() |
Limited to companies and organizations registered in Finland and Finnish nationals. |
.fj | ![]() |
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.fk | ![]() |
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.fm | ![]() |
Used for some radio related websites outside Micronesia, notably Last.fm, Digitally Imported and Rinse FM |
.fo | ![]() |
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.fr | ![]() |
Can only be used by organisations or persons with a presence in France (including overseas). |
.ga | ![]() |
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.gb | ![]() |
Seldom used; the primary ccTLD used is .uk for المملكة المتحدة. |
.gd | ![]() |
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.ge | ![]() |
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.gf | ![]() |
(See also .fr.) |
.gg | ![]() |
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.gh | ![]() |
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.gi | ![]() |
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.gl | ![]() |
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.gm | ![]() |
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.gn | ![]() |
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.gp | ![]() |
Still used for Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Martin (see also .fr). |
.gq | ![]() |
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.gr | ![]() |
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.gs | ![]() |
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.gt | ![]() |
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.gu | ![]() |
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.gw | ![]() |
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.gy | ![]() |
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.hk | ![]() |
Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. |
.hm | ![]() |
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.hn | ![]() |
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.hr | ![]() |
(Hrvatska) |
.ht | ![]() |
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.hu | ![]() |
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.id | ![]() |
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.ie | ![]() |
(Éire) Only available for Ireland registered brands and companies. Foreign companies can register if doing business in Ireland or provide TM. Since 2007 personal names are allowed to be registered subject to guidelines. |
.il | ![]() |
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.im | ![]() |
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.in | ![]() |
Under INRegistry since April 2005 (except: gov.in, mil.in, ac.in, edu.in, res.in). |
.io | ![]() |
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.iq | ![]() |
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.ir | ![]() |
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.is | ![]() |
(Ísland) |
.it | ![]() |
Restricted to companies and individuals in the European Union. |
.je | ![]() |
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.jm | ![]() |
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.jo | ![]() |
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.jp | ![]() |
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.ke | ![]() |
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.kg | ![]() |
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.kh | ![]() |
(Khmer, former Kâmpŭchea) |
.ki | ![]() |
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.km | ![]() |
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.kn | ![]() |
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.kp | ![]() |
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.kr | ![]() |
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.kw | ![]() |
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.ky | ![]() |
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.kz | ![]() |
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.la | ![]() |
(Currently being marketed as the unofficial domain for Los Angeles.) |
.lb | ![]() |
Must be registered with a company in Lebanon to register |
.lc | ![]() |
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.li | ![]() |
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.lk | ![]() |
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.lr | ![]() |
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.ls | ![]() |
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.lt | ![]() |
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.lu | ![]() |
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.lv | ![]() |
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.ly | ![]() |
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.ma | ![]() |
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.mc | ![]() |
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.md | ![]() |
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.me | ![]() |
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.mg | ![]() |
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.mh | ![]() |
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.mk | ![]() |
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
.ml | ![]() |
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.mm | ![]() |
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.mn | ![]() |
Some second-level domains are reserved for special use .mn |
.mo | ![]() |
Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. |
.mp | ![]() |
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.mq | ![]() |
(See also .fr.) |
.mr | ![]() |
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.ms | ![]() |
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.mt | ![]() |
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.mu | ![]() |
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.mv | ![]() |
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.mw | ![]() |
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.mx | ![]() |
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.my | ![]() |
Must be registered with a company in Malaysia to register. |
.mz | ![]() |
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.na | ![]() |
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.nc | ![]() |
(See also .fr.) |
.ne | ![]() |
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.nf | ![]() |
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.ng | ![]() |
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.ni | ![]() |
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.nl | ![]() |
First official country TLD that was assigned to a country. |
.no | ![]() |
Must be registered with a company in Norway to register. |
.np | ![]() |
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.nr | ![]() |
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.nu | ![]() |
Commonly used by Danish, Dutch and Swedish websites, because in those languages "nu" means "now". |
.nz | ![]() |
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.om | ![]() |
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.pa | ![]() |
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.pe | ![]() |
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.pf | ![]() |
With Clipperton Island (See also .fr.) |
.pg | ![]() |
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.ph | ![]() |
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.pk | ![]() |
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.pl | ![]() |
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.pm | ![]() |
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.pn | ![]() |
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.pr | ![]() |
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.ps | ![]() |
PA-controlled West Bank and Gaza Strip. |
.pt | ![]() |
Only available for Portuguese registered brands and companies. |
.pw | ![]() |
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.py | ![]() |
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.qa | ![]() |
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.re | ![]() |
(See also .fr) |
.ro | ![]() |
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.rs | ![]() |
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.ru | ![]() |
(See also .su, still in use.) |
.rw | ![]() |
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.sa | ![]() |
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.sb | ![]() |
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.sc | ![]() |
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.sd | ![]() |
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.se | ![]() |
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.sg | ![]() |
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.sh | ![]() |
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.si | ![]() |
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.sj | ![]() ![]() |
Not in use (Norwegian dependencies; see .no). |
.sk | ![]() |
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.sl | ![]() |
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.sm | ![]() |
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.sn | ![]() |
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.so | ![]() |
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.sr | ![]() |
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.st | ![]() |
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.su | former ![]() |
Still in use. |
.sv | ![]() |
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.sy | ![]() |
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.sz | ![]() |
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.tc | ![]() |
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.td | ![]() |
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.tf | ![]() |
Seldom used (see also .fr). |
.tg | ![]() |
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.th | ![]() |
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.tj | ![]() |
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.tk | ![]() |
Also used as a free domain service to the public. |
.tl | ![]() |
Old code .tp is still in use. |
.tm | ![]() |
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.tn | ![]() |
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.to | ![]() |
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.tp | ![]() |
ISO code has changed to TL; .tl is now assigned but .tp is still in use. |
.tr | ![]() |
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.tt | ![]() |
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.tv | ![]() |
Much used by television broadcasters. Also sold as advertising domains. |
.tw | ![]() |
Registration allowed worldwide, local presence not required. |
.tz | ![]() |
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.ua | ![]() |
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.ug | ![]() |
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.uk | ![]() |
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.us | ![]() |
(Commonly used by U.S. State and local governments instead of .gov TLD.) |
.uy | ![]() |
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.uz | ![]() |
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.va | ![]() |
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.vc | ![]() |
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.ve | ![]() |
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.vg | ![]() |
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.vi | ![]() |
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.vn | ![]() |
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.vu | ![]() |
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.wf | ![]() |
(انظر أيضا .fr.) |
.ws | ![]() |
ساموا الغربية سابقا. |
.ye | ![]() |
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.yt | ![]() |
(See also .fr.) |
.za | ![]() |
(Zuid-Afrika) |
.zm | ![]() |
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.zw | ![]() |
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IDNA TLD[2] | Language | Word |
.xn--0zwm56d | صينية مبسطة (Han script) | 测试. (ICANN’s example.test: http://例子.测试/) |
.xn--11b5bs3a9aj6g | بالهندية (Devanagari script) | परीक्षा. (ICANN’s example.test: http://उदाहरण.परीक्षा/) |
.xn--80akhbyknj4f | بالروسية (Cyrillic script) | испытание. (ICANN’s example.test: http://пример.испытание/) |
.xn--9t4b11yi5a | بالكورية (Hangul script) | 테스트. (ICANN’s example.test: http://실례.테스트/) |
.xn--deba0ad | Yiddish (Hebrew script) | טעסט. (ICANN’s example.test: http://בײַשפּיל.טעסט/) |
.xn--g6w251d | صينية تقليدية (Han script) | 測試. (ICANN’s example.test: http://例子.測試/) |
.xn--hgbk6aj7f53bba | بالفارسية (Perso-Arabic script) | آزمایشی. (ICANN’s example.test: http://مثال.آزمایشی/) |
.xn--hlcj6aya9esc7a | بالتاميلية (Tamil script) | பரிட்சை. (ICANN’s example.test: http://உதாரணம்.பரிட்சை/) |
.xn--jxalpdlp | باليونانية (Greek script) | δοκιμή. (ICANN’s example.test: http://παράδειγμα.δοκιμή/) |
.xn--kgbechtv | بالعربية (Perso-Arabic script) | إختبار. (ICANN’s example.test: http://مثال.إختبار/) |
.xn--zckzah | باليابانية (Kanji, Hiragana, Katakana scripts) | テスト. (ICANN’s example.test : http://例え.テスト/) |
البنية التحتية | الكيان | هوامش |
.arpa | Address and Routing Parameter Area | This is an Internet infrastructure TLD. |
انظر أيضا
- مزود مجال المستوى الأعلى
- Country code top-level domain
- نطاق المستوى الأعلى المقترح
- ISO 3166-1 alpha-2, the standard for two-letter country codes which most ccTLDs are based on
المصادر
- ^ IANA maintained list of top-level domains
- ^ The IDNA TLDs have been added for the purpose of testing the use of IDNA at the top level, and are likely to be temporary. Each of the eleven TLDs encodes a word meaning "test" in some language. See the ICANN announcement of 15 October 2007 and the IDN TLD evaluation gateway.