العلاقات الخارجية للنمسا
أنهت معاهدة الدولة النمساوية 1955 احتلال القوى الرباعية واعترفت بالنمسا كدولة سيادية ومستقلة. في أكتوبر 1955، مررت الجمعية الفدرالية قانوناً دستورياً جاء فيه "إعلان النمسا بإرادتها الحرة حيادها الدائم". وأعلنت الفقرة الثانية في القانون أنه "في جميع العصور المستقبلية لن تنضم النمسا إلى أي تحالف عسكري وأنها لن تسمح بتأسيس أي قواعد عسكرية أجنبية على أراضيها". منذ ذلك الحين، صاغت النمسا سياساتها الخارجية على أساس حيادي.
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العلاقات الثنائية
تتمتع النمسا بعلاقات ثنائية مميزة مع العديد من البلدان:
البلد | بدء العلاقات الخارجية | الهوامش |
---|---|---|
ألبانيا | 1912 |
دعمت النمسا-المجر اعلان استقلال ألبانيا عام 1912. |
الأرجنتين | 1870-10-27 |
|
أرمنيا | 1992-01-24 |
|
أستراليا | 1948 |
|
بلاروس | 1992-02 | |
بلجيكا | 1833 |
|
بلغاريا | 1878 |
|
كندا | 1929 | See Austria–Canada relations
|
تشيلي | 1846 | See Austria–Chile relations
|
الصين | 1971-05-28 |
|
كولومبيا | 1920 | see Austria–Colombia relations
|
كرواتيا | 1992-01-15 | See Austria–Croatia relations
|
قبرص | 1960 |
|
التشيك | 1920-01-20 | See Austria – Czech Republic relations
Austria has an embassy in Prague and two honorary consulates (in Brno and České Budějovice). The Czech Republic has an embassy in Vienna and five honorary consulates (in Graz, Innsbruck, Klagenfurt, Linz, and Salzburg). Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share 362 km of common border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control due to the Schengen Agreement. |
الدنمارك | 1925-12-19 | See Austria-Denmark relations
|
مصر | 1929 |
|
إستونيا | 1921-06-26 |
|
فنلندا | 1918-07-19 |
|
فرنسا | 1535 | See Austria–France relations
|
جورجيا | 1992 | See Austria–Georgia relations
Georgia opened its embassy in Vienna in 1996.[30]
|
ألمانيا | See Austria–Germany relations
Due to German being the common language of these two neighboring European countries, relations between them are close. | |
المجر | 1921 | See Austria–Hungary relations
|
آيسلندا | 1928 |
|
الهند | 1949[34] | See Austria–India relations |
إيران |
| |
أيرلندا | 1951 |
|
إسرائيل | 1949 | See Austria–Israel relations
See also History of the Jews in Austria. |
إيطاليا | See Austria–Italy relations
| |
اليابان | 1869-10 | See Austria–Japan relations
|
كوريا الشمالية | 1974[48] | See Foreign relations of North Korea |
كوريا الجنوبية | 1892 As Chosun Dynasty/1963-05-22[49] | See Austria – South Korea relations
The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Austria in German (Republik Österreich) and the Republic of Korea in Korean (대한민국) Started on 1892.
|
كوسوڤو | 2008 |
|
لاتڤيا | 1921-02-17 |
|
لتوانيا | 1991 |
|
ماليزيا | 1962-08-06 | See Austria–Malaysia relations
|
مالطا |
| |
المكسيك | 1842 | See Austria–Mexico relations
During the French intervention in Mexico between 1864 and 1867, with French backing Maximilian I of Mexico, member of Austria's Imperial Habsburg-Lorraine family was proclaimed Emperor of Mexico. As of 2005, Mexico was Austria's second most important trade partner in Latin America.[61] The same year, the President of Austria Heinz Fischer visited Mexico and Brazil, the first ever state visit of an Austrian President to countries in Latin America.[61][62][63] |
مولدوڤا | 1992-03-25 | See Austria–Moldova relations |
الجبل الأسود | 2006-07-12 |
|
هولندا |
| |
پاكستان | 1956 | See Austria–Pakistan relations
Relations between the two countries are generally friendly. The diplomatic ties between Pakistan and Austria were established in 1956 when Pakistan formally recognized Austria.[69] |
الفلپين | 1946-10-17 | See Austria–Philippines relations |
پولندا | 1921 | See Austria–Poland relations
|
رومانيا | 1878-09-22 |
|
روسيا | See Austria–Russia relations | |
السعودية | 1957-09-10 | See Austria – Saudi Arabia relations
|
صربيا | 1874 | See Austria–Serbia relations
Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1874. |
سلوڤاكيا | See Austria–Slovakia relations
| |
جزر سولومون | October 2005 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations in October 2005.[78] |
سويسرا | See Austria–Switzerland relations
Due to German being the common language of these two neighboring European countries relations between them are close. | |
تركيا | See Austrian–Turkish relations | |
أوكرانيا | 1992 | See Austria–Ukraine relations
|
المملكة المتحدة | 1799 | See Austria – United Kingdom relations
|
الولايات المتحدة | 1921 | See Austria – United States relations
|
انظر أيضاً
- قائمة البعثات الدبلوماسية في النمسا
- قائمة البعثات الدبلوماسية النمساوية
- الوزارة الفدرالية للشئون الأوروپية والدولية (النمسا)
- متطلبات تأشيرة السفر للمواطنين النمساويين
مرئيات
وزيرة الخارجية النمساوية كارين كنايسل، تلقي كلمتها أمام الجمعية العامة للأمم المتحدة باللغة العربية، 29 سبتمبر 2018. |
المصادر
- ^ Trade, corporateName= Department of Foreign Affairs and. "Australian Permanent Mission in".
- ^ "Außenministerium Österreich -> Botschaft -> Canberra". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Bilateral Relations between Austria and Australia". Austrian Embassy Canberra. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
- ^ "Austria-born" (PDF). Department of Immigration and Citizenship (Australia). Retrieved 19 November 2008.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-02-19.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ http://www.byembassy.at/
- ^ Austrian embassy in Brussels (in Dutch, French and German)
- ^ "Belgian embassy in Vienna". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Bulgarian embassy in Vienna
- ^ "Bulgariens Präsident von pünktlichem EU-Beitritt 2007 überzeugt" (in German). Federal President of the Republic of Austria. Retrieved 19 November 2008.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> Ottawa". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Canadian embassy in Vienna Archived 2009-02-21 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Außenministerium Österreich -> Botschaft -> Santiago de Chile". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Österreich, Außenministerium der Republik. "Wartungsseite – BMeiA, Außenministerium Österreich".
- ^ Österreich, Außenministerium der Republik. "Aktuelles – Österreichische Botschaft Brasilia".
- ^ "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> Hong Kong". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Botschaft der Volksrepublik China in der Republik Österreich". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Bilaterale Beziehungen" (in German). Austrian Embassy in Bogota. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22. Retrieved 2009-04-01.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Austrian embassy in Bogota (in German and Spanish only)
- ^ "embcol.or.at". Archived from the original on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Austrija - MVEP • Hrvatski". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Danish embassy in Vienna (in Danish and German only) Archived يوليو 19, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Austrian embassy in Cairo (in German only) Archived 2009-08-03 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Welcome to the Egyptian Embassy in Vienna Website".
- ^ Egypt State Information Service Joint press conference between President Mubarak and Austrian President Archived 2008-11-20 at the Wayback Machine March 14, 2006
- ^ "Estonian Embassy in Vienna". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Suomen suurlähetystö, Wien". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Österreich, Außenministerium der Republik. "Scheidung – BMEIA, Außenministerium Österreich".
- ^ "La France en Autriche". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Embassy of Georgia to Austria". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 2009-06-11.
Diplomatic relations between Georgia and Republic of Austria were established in 1992. Georgia opened its Embassy in Vienna in 1996. The relations between the two countries are close and friendly. Georgia appreciates Support of Austrian Government in different fields of bilateral relations. In addition the commercial and cultural ties are also very important, but do not reflect its full potential and has a big prospective to develop.
- ^ Austrian embassy in Budapest (in German and Hungarian only)
- ^ Hungarian embassy in Vienna (in German and Hungarian only)
- ^ "English > Austurríki > The Icelandic Foreign Services". Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ Indo-Austria Relations
- ^ "Austrian Representatives in India - Austria in India". Advantageaustria.org. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> New Delhi".
- ^ "Welcome to Embassy of India to Austria and Montenegro".
- ^ "Austria To Lift Iranian Diplomat's Immunity Over Alleged Bomb Plot". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. July 3, 2018.
Austria is stripping the immunity of an Iranian diplomat suspected of involvement in an alleged plot to bomb a meeting of exiled Iranian opposition groups in France.
- ^ "Seanad Éireann - Volume 116 - 09 July 1987". Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas. pp. [2166]. Archived from the original on 2 December 2006. Retrieved 2008-11-22.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "McAleese State visit to Austria". Radio Telefís Éireann. 2006-07-19. Retrieved 2008-11-21.
- ^ "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> Tel Aviv". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Israelische Botschaft in Österreich". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ http://www.ansa.it/english/news/politics/2018/06/05/italy-big-ally-austrias-kickl-3_0417388c-bd4f-44fb-928c-07bef4c5881e.html
- ^ Austrian embassy in Rome (in German and Italian only
- ^ "Ambasciata d'Italia - Vienna".
- ^ "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> Tokyo". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Japanese embassy in Vienna Archived 2008-10-16 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "북한 오스트리아 수교 : 네이버 통합검색". Search.naver.com. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Europe". Mofa.go.kr (in الكورية). Retrieved 2016-10-22.
- ^ Austrian embassy in Seoul (in German and Korean only)
- ^ "South Korean embassy in Vienna". Archived from the original on 2013-03-13.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Bundespräsident Heinz Fischer zu Staatsbesuch in Südkorea eingetroffen" (in German). Federal President of the Republic of Austria. Retrieved 18 November 2008.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Österreich, Außenministerium der Republik. "Bilaterale Staatsverträge – BMEIA, Außenministerium Österreich".
- ^ "Plassnik: "Letter on Kosovo's recognition signed"" (Press release). Austrian Foreign Ministry. 2008-02-28. Archived from the original on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2008-02-29.
{{cite press release}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "LR ambasada Austrijos Respublikoje". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Austrian Embassy Kuala Lumpur". The Austrian Foreign Ministry. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
- ^ "Official Website of Embassy of Malaysia, Vienna". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
- ^ Reinhart Zimmermann (2008). "Österreichs Wirtschaftsbeziehungen in Südostasien (Austrian Economic Relations to South-East Asia)" (PDF) (in German). Society for South-East Asian Studies. p. 80. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Sorry. The page you are looking for does not exist" (PDF). Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Sorry. The page you are looking for does not exist" (PDF). Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ أ ب "Lateinamerika und die Karibik" (in German). Austrian Foreign Ministry. Archived from the original on 2012-12-15. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Mexico wants artifact back". International Herald Tribune. 2005-06-02. Retrieved 2008-11-17.
{{cite news}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Viertägiger Staatsbesuch in Mexiko" (in German). Federal President of the Republic of Austria. Retrieved 17 November 2008.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "Botschaft Mexiko – BMEIA, Aussenministerium Österreich". Retrieved 1 December 2017.
- ^ "Bienvenidos a la portada". Retrieved 1 December 2017.
- ^ "Relations with Austria". Moldovan Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
- ^ Austrian embassy in The Hague (in Dutch and German only)
- ^ "Nederlandse Ambassade in Wenen, Oostenrijk". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "EMBASSY OF PAKISTAN IN AUSTRIA". Archived from the original on 6 December 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Embassy of Pakistan in Austria". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Foreign Embassies and Consulates in Austria". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Foreign Embassies and Consulates in Pakistan". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ Celebration: National Day of the Republic of Austria
- ^ Austrian embassy in Warsaw (in German and Polish only)
- ^ "Ambasada Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w Wiedniu". Retrieved 4 December 2017.
- ^ "AMBASADA ROMÂNIEI în Republica Austria". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/menschen_und_gesellschaft/bevoelkerung/bevoelkerungsstruktur/bevoelkerung_nach_staatsangehoerigkeit_geburtsland/022498.html
- ^ [1]
- ^ Austrian embassy in Kiev (in German and Ukrainian only)
- ^ "Посольство України в Республіці Австрія". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "Austrian Foreign Ministry -> Embassy -> London". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "UK and Austria". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
قراءات إضافية
- Horn, David Bayne. Great Britain and Europe in the eighteenth century (1967) covers 1603-1702; pp 111-43.
وصلات خارجية
- International − Austrian magazine on foreign policy
- This article contains material from the CIA World Factbook which, as a U.S. government publication, is in the المشاع.
- This article contains material from the US Department of State's Background Notes which, as a US government publication, is in the public domain.