نان‌ننگ

نان‌ننگ
南宁市 • Nanzningz Si
مدينة بمستوى محافظة
في اتجاه عقارب الساعة من أعلى: أفق نان‌ننگ (2008)، مسجد نان‌ننگ، صورة من مركز ديوانگ للتجارة الدولية، ميدان جين‌هو، مركز نان‌ننگ للمعارض الدولية والمؤتمرات
في اتجاه عقارب الساعة من أعلى: أفق نان‌ننگ (2008)، مسجد نان‌ننگ، صورة من مركز ديوانگ للتجارة الدولية، ميدان جين‌هو، مركز نان‌ننگ للمعارض الدولية والمؤتمرات
موقع مدينة نان‌ننگ في گوانگ‌شي.
موقع مدينة نان‌ننگ في گوانگ‌شي.
نان‌ننگ is located in الصين
نان‌ننگ
نان‌ننگ
موقع نان‌ننگ في الصين.
الإحداثيات: 22°49′N 108°19′E / 22.817°N 108.317°E / 22.817; 108.317
البلدالصين
المنطقةگوانگ‌شي
الحكومة
 • أمين الحزبوانگ شياودونگ
 • العمدةژو هونگ‌بو
المساحة
 • مدينة بمستوى محافظة22٬189 كم² (8٬567 ميل²)
 • الحضر
6٬559 كم² (2٬532 ميل²)
 • العمران
5٬264 كم² (2٬032 ميل²)
التعداد
 (تعداد 2010)
 • مدينة بمستوى محافظة6٬661٬600
 • الكثافة300/km2 (780/sq mi)
 • Urban
2٬875٬220
 • الكثافة الحضرية440/km2 (1٬100/sq mi)
 • العمرانية
2٬480٬340
 • الكثافة العمرانية470/km2 (1٬200/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+8 (China Standard)
الرمز البريدي
530000
مفتاح الهاتف0771
License plate prefixes桂A
الموقع الإلكترونيnanning.gov.cn
نان‌ نينغ
NN name.svg
"Nanning" in Simplified Chinese
Chinese name
الصينية المبسطة南宁
الصينية التقليدية南寧
المعنى الحرفي"Southern tranquility"
Zhuang name
ZhuangNanzningz
1957 orthographyNamƨniŋƨ

نان‌ننگ (Chinese: 南宁؛ Zhuang: Nanzningz؛ Nanning [أ])، هي عاصمة منطقة گوانگ‌شي المستقلة ذاتياً لشعب ژواڠ في جنوب الصين.[4] تشتهر باسم "المدينة الخضراء" لوفرة الغطاء النباتي الخصب بها، وتقع جنوب Guangxi, وهي محاطة بحوض من الربى، بمناخ شبه مداري رطب بتأثير من المونسون الدافئ.

Beginning in 1949, as it underwent sustained industrial growth, Nanning's economy began developing beyond its former role, and the city became essentially a commercial and administrative centre.[5] Today, Nanning is considered the economic, financial and cultural center of Guangxi, and the chief centre for the training of the Zhuang minority in Guangxi.[6] The People's Park is located in the center of the city. The city also serves as a gateway for the China-ASEAN opening up and cooperation.[6]

The city is home to several notable universities, including Guangxi University, Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi University of Finance and Economics and Guangxi Arts University.

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التاريخ

Nanning, an ancient city with a long history and rich culture, was part of Baiyue ethnic groups in the ancient time.[7] In the first year of Daxing period of Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 318), Jinxing County, established here as one of the county towns, ushered a history of 1700 years of Nanning organizational system. During the Zhenguan period of Tang dynasty (AD 632), it was renamed Yong prefecture (Yongzhou) and established Yongzhou government seat, which is why it has been called Yong (邕) for short. In the first year of Taiding period of Yuan dynasty (AD1318), Yongzhou was renamed Nanning, meaning the Pacified South.

Nanning was once the territory of the Baiyue people and became the capital of Jinxing Prefecture which was separated from Yulin Prefecture of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 1076 during the Lý–Song War Yongshou was besieged by Lý forces. Under the leadership of Su Jian, the garrison held out for forty-two days before succumbing. The city was razed to the ground and its people massacred by Lý dynasty.

In the Yuan dynasty in 1324, it was renamed Nanning Lu (Nanning Circuit) of Yongzhou. Historically, Nanning was famous for trade, and had permanent business offices from other areas in China since the Song dynasty. In the Ming dynasty Nanning developed into an economic center of the Zuo River and the You River with the reputation of "Little Nanjing".

On 4 December 1949, Nanning was captured by the CPC;[8] in January 1950, Nanning municipality was set up, and identified as the capital city of Guangxi on 8 February of the same year; in March 1958, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was established, and Nanning municipality was the capital city.

Nanning served as host for the annual China–ASEAN Expo (CASEAN Expo) which began in 2004.[9] The city was also the venue for the 2006 World Robotics Olympiad.[10]


التقسيمات الادارية

تضم نان‌ننگ 7 دوائر، 5 نواحي، و7 مناطق تنموية.

الخريطة
الأقسام بالصينية هان‌يو پن‌ين ژواڠ السكان
(تقديرات 2004) 		المساحة (كم²) الكثافة
(/كم²)
المدينة الكبرى
Qingxiu District 青秀区 Qīngxiù Qū Cinghsiu Gih 440,000 872 505
Xingning District 兴宁区 Xīngníng Qū Singhningz Gih 260,000 751 346
Jiangnan District 江南区 Jiāngnán Qū Gyanghnanz Gih 360,000 1,154 312
Xixiangtang District 西乡塘区 Xīxiāngtáng Qū Sihsienghdangz Gih 660,000 1,118 590
Liangqing District 良庆区 Liángqìng Qū Liengzcing Gih 290,000 1,369 212
Yongning District 邕宁区 Yōngníng Qū Yunghningz Gih 320,000 1,295 247
الضواحي والريف
Wuming District 武鸣区 Wǔmíng Qū Vujmingz Gih 650,000 3,367 193
Heng County 横县 Héng Xiàn Hwngz Yen 1,080,000 3,464 312
Binyang County 宾阳县 Bīnyáng Xiàn Binhyangz Yen 980,000 2,314 424
Shanglin County 上林县 Shànglín Xiàn Sanglinz Yen 460,000 1,876 245
Long'an County 隆安县 Lóng'ān Xiàn Lungzanh Yen 370,000 2,264 163
Mashan County 马山县 Mǎshān Xiàn Majsanh Yen 510,000 2,345 217

المناطق التنموية:

أفق المدينة

Elephant Fountain on Minzu Road
Nanning Wuxiang New Area

Nanning is home of the 21st tallest building[11] in the People's Republic of China, the Diwang International Commerce Center, at 276 m (906 ft), currently the tallest building in Guangxi and in southwestern China outside Chongqing. The second tallest building in Nanning is the World Trade Commerce City at 218 meters. The city currently has seven buildings taller than 100 m (330 ft), built or under construction.

Nanning has many parks with tropical lush green landscape, it is one of the "greenest" cities in China, and it's known as "Green City"(绿城). Nanning's downtown skyline is rapidly changing and the city is becoming an important hub in China.

Recently, the government has begun a citywide beautification plan which aimed to further clean up the city and improve its image. This involved curtailing the number of street-side food vendors operating without proper licenses and restricting parking in busy streets. The program has achieved initial success, long-term efforts are still needed to deliver lasting results.[بحاجة لمصدر]

الاقتصاد

Nanning Street

Nanning's GDP in 2015 was 341 billion RMB.[12] The GDP per capita was $7,844. Foreign exports in 2007 were US$10 billion. Foreign fixed asset investment was 34.3 billion RMB. Nanning has six development zones and industrial parks, three of which accounted for 6 billion RMB of Nanning's GDP, more than 8 percent of Nanning's total. Mineral resources include gold, iron, manganese, aluminum, quartz, silver, indium, coal, marble, and granite with a third of China's different types of mineral resources found in Nanning.


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المناطق الصناعية

  • Nanning Economic & Technological Development Area

النقل

المترو

المقالة الرئيسية: Nanning Metro
Metro map

Nanning Metro system is known for its Nanning Rail Transit (NNRT), expected to comprise a total of nine lines. The first was completed and put into operation in June 2016, the second began operation in December 2017. Line 3 began operation in 2019, and Line 4 began operation in 2020. Line 1 connects the East and West of Nanning, linking the financial and political center and the academic and research center of Nanning.

الجو

السكك الحديدية

Nanning East Railway Station

Nanning has two major railway stations: Nanning railway station and Nanning East railway station. The latter one is newer and also the main destination of high-speed trains. A third, Nanning North railway station, is set to open in 2023 with the Guiyang–Nanning high-speed railway. Nanning railway station is a railway junction for the Nanning–Kunming, Nanning–Guangzhou and Hunan–Guangxi Railways. There are also plans to build a high-speed railway to Pingxiang on the Vietnamese border.[13] The goal is to better integrate Pan-Pearl River Delta and southeast China with members of the ASEAN.[14]

At the end of 2013, some high-speed service has been introduced on the Hunan–Guangxi railway and on the railway line that connects Nanning with Beihai (as well as its branch to Fangchenggang).[15][16] Guangxi is also a conjunction of Guangzhou-Guiyang Highspeed Rail.

الطرق السريعة

Nanning Bridge

النبيت والوحيش

Nanning's warm climate gives it a large amount of biodiversity. There are many species of animals and more than 3,000 species of plants. The city flower is the Jaba flower, an evergreen shrub, and the city tree is the almond tree which is regarded as the backbone tree used for greening and landscaping throughout the city.

الجغرافيا

Nanning is located in the southern part of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 160 km (99 mi) from the border with Vietnam. It has an administrative area of 22,293 km2 (8,607 sq mi).[17] Nanning is situated in a hilly basin with elevations between 70 and 500 m (230 and 1,640 ft) above sea-level. Qingxiu Mountain dominates the southern part of town.


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المناخ

Nanning has a warm, humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), It borders the subtropical monsoon climate (Köppen Cwa).with an annual mean temperature of 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). Summers are hot and humid with July, the hottest month, having a 24-hour average temperature of 28.5 °C (83.3 °F). Winters are mild and somewhat damp with January, the coolest month, averaging 13.3 °C (55.9 °F). From February to August, rain is most frequent and relative humidity consistently averages above 80 percent; the annual rainfall is 1,269 millimetres (50.0 in). The area is also frost-free for all but 3 or 4 days a year and snowfall is virtually unheard of in the city, with a single exception since 1900: in December 1975 snow fell on the city albeit without sticking to the ground. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −2.1 to 40.4 °C (28 to 105 °F).[18] With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 15 percent in March to 51 percent in September, the city receives 1,579 hours of bright sunshine annually.

Climate data for نان‌ننگ (Yongning District, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 32.6
(90.7) 		36.2
(97.2) 		35.5
(95.9) 		38.3
(100.9) 		40.4
(104.7) 		37.9
(100.2) 		39.0
(102.2) 		39.1
(102.4) 		38.2
(100.8) 		35.2
(95.4) 		33.7
(92.7) 		30.5
(86.9) 		40.4
(104.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 17.3
(63.1) 		19.2
(66.6) 		21.8
(71.2) 		27.2
(81.0) 		30.9
(87.6) 		32.3
(90.1) 		32.9
(91.2) 		33.1
(91.6) 		32.1
(89.8) 		29.1
(84.4) 		24.9
(76.8) 		20.0
(68.0) 		26.7
(80.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 13.3
(55.9) 		15.1
(59.2) 		18.0
(64.4) 		23.0
(73.4) 		26.4
(79.5) 		28.1
(82.6) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.4
(83.1) 		27.2
(81.0) 		24.1
(75.4) 		19.8
(67.6) 		15.2
(59.4) 		22.3
(72.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 10.7
(51.3) 		12.5
(54.5) 		15.4
(59.7) 		20.0
(68.0) 		23.3
(73.9) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.7
(78.3) 		25.5
(77.9) 		24.0
(75.2) 		20.7
(69.3) 		16.4
(61.5) 		12.0
(53.6) 		19.3
(66.7)
Record low °C (°F) −2.1
(28.2) 		0.2
(32.4) 		3.7
(38.7) 		9.2
(48.6) 		13.5
(56.3) 		18.2
(64.8) 		19.7
(67.5) 		19.9
(67.8) 		15.4
(59.7) 		6.9
(44.4) 		0.7
(33.3) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		−2.1
(28.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 40.9
(1.61) 		31.0
(1.22) 		61.0
(2.40) 		75.5
(2.97) 		174.8
(6.88) 		216.8
(8.54) 		222.4
(8.76) 		193.5
(7.62) 		111.2
(4.38) 		65.3
(2.57) 		42.2
(1.66) 		34.6
(1.36) 		1٬269٫2
(49.97)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 9.6 9.6 13.8 12.2 13.9 16.4 16.6 15.4 9.7 6.8 6.9 7.2 138.1
Average relative humidity (%) 76 78 82 79 79 83 82 82 78 74 74 72 78
Mean monthly sunshine hours 64.3 60.0 57.6 103.3 152.7 155.4 187.9 193.3 187.2 175.5 132.6 108.7 1٬578٫5
Percent possible sunshine 19 19 15 27 37 38 45 49 51 49 40 33 35
Source: China Meteorological Administration[19][20][21] all-time extreme temperature[18]

الحياة النباتية والحيوانية

الجغرافيا

المناخ

نان‌ننگ
جدول طقس (التفسير)
يفمأمييأسأند
 
 
35
 
17
10
 
 
43
 
18
12
 
 
59
 
22
15
 
 
97
 
27
20
 
 
186
 
30
23
 
 
207
 
32
25
 
 
219
 
33
25
 
 
205
 
33
25
 
 
128
 
32
24
 
 
66
 
28
20
 
 
40
 
24
15
 
 
25
 
20
11
متوسطات درجات الحرارة القصوى والدنيا - °س
إجمالي الهطل - مم
المصدر: CMA


Climate data for نان‌ننگ (المتوسطات 1971−2000، القصوى 1961−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 32.6
(90.7) 		36.2
(97.2) 		35.5
(95.9) 		38.3
(100.9) 		40.4
(104.7) 		37.7
(99.9) 		39.0
(102.2) 		39.0
(102.2) 		38.2
(100.8) 		35.2
(95.4) 		33.7
(92.7) 		29.9
(85.8) 		40.4
(104.7)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 16.9
(62.4) 		18.0
(64.4) 		25.5
(77.9) 		27.6
(81.7) 		30.4
(86.7) 		32.1
(89.8) 		32.9
(91.2) 		32.7
(90.9) 		31.6
(88.9) 		28.4
(83.1) 		24.1
(75.4) 		20.2
(68.4) 		26.3
(79.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 10.0
(50.0) 		11.5
(52.7) 		15.0
(59.0) 		19.6
(67.3) 		22.8
(73.0) 		24.9
(76.8) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.2
(77.4) 		23.6
(74.5) 		20.2
(68.4) 		15.3
(59.5) 		11.3
(52.3) 		18.7
(65.7)
Record low °C (°F) −2.1
(28.2) 		0.8
(33.4) 		3.7
(38.7) 		9.2
(48.6) 		14.5
(58.1) 		18.2
(64.8) 		19.7
(67.5) 		19.9
(67.8) 		15.4
(59.7) 		7.9
(46.2) 		3.2
(37.8) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		−2.1
(28.2)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 35.3
(1.39) 		42.6
(1.68) 		59.4
(2.34) 		97.1
(3.82) 		185.6
(7.31) 		207.1
(8.15) 		218.8
(8.61) 		205.3
(8.08) 		128.3
(5.05) 		65.5
(2.58) 		40.3
(1.59) 		24.5
(0.96) 		1٬309٫8
(51.56)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.1 mm) 11.1 13.2 13.8 13.6 16.6 16.3 16.8 16.2 10.5 8.5 6.8 5.9 149.3
Average relative humidity (%) 78 81 82 81 80 82 82 82 78 75 74 74 79
Mean monthly sunshine hours 69.6 56.7 61.8 91.4 144.0 161.1 196.8 186.1 185.6 163.7 144.2 123.7 1٬584٫7
Percent possible sunshine 21 18 17 24 35 40 48 47 51 46 44 37 36
Source: الأرصاد الجوية الصينية[19] all-time extreme temperature[18]

Twin towns – sister cities

انظر أيضاً: List of twin towns and sister cities in China

Nanning is twinned with:[22]

Demographics

As of the 2020 Chinese census, Nanning had a population of 8,741,584, of which 5,293,359 live in its built-up (or metro) area made of 6 urban districts, Wuming District not being conurbated yet. Nanning is a city in which Zhuang ethnic group live in compact communities. Thirty-five ethnic groups live in compact communities in Nanning, including people of Zhuang, Han, Yao, Hui, Miao, Dong, and Man minorities.

الثقافة

Nanning is the center of science and technology, education, culture and health in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. There are altogether 54 scientific research institutes subordinate to districts. 10 colleges and 50 trade schools are training specialised personnel of all kinds. Now there are 62 mass cultural organizations, 13 performing groups, 8 cinemas, 285 projecting units, over 70 karaoke halls and over 1000 newsstands. Bookshops and cultural markets can be found everywhere.

الطعام

Laoyou rice noodles

Nanning has not only local cuisine but also food from other areas of China and abroad. Traditional food culture can be found around most streets of Nanning. Nanning food shares the style of Cantonese food and of Southeast Asia. Chinese cuisine including Guangdong, Sichuan, Hunan and Jiangsu as well as Japanese, Thai and Western cuisines can be found.

Rice noodles are very popular among the Nanning people. Laoyou rice noodles are the most famous, while other noodle dishes such as Guilin rice noodles and hand made noodles can be found. Laoyou rice noodles (means old friend rice noodles) are made of fry up pepper, sour bamboo shoots, black beans and garlic, then pork, and then soup and rice noodles. The sour-spicy tasting noodles are a very popular and cheap favorite street food for all meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) in Nanning.

The dish, Lemon duck, is originally from Nanning.

Tourism

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for نان‌ نينغ.

Nanning is close to scenic Guilin, with its world-famous hillscape, northern and western Guangxi and its minority villages, and the border with Vietnam in the south. Tourist attractions in Nanning include Guangxi Museum, People's Park with the Zhenning Fort, Mount Qingxiu, Guangxi Medicinal Herb Botanical Garden,[24] and Yangmei Ancient Town.[25] Other places of interest include Nanhu Park, Shishan Park and Nanning Zoo.

الجامعات والكليات

انظر أيضاً


مرئيات

انفجار أنابيب الصرف الصحي في نان‌ننگ، الصين، سبتمبر 2024.

المصادر

  1. ^ "Definition of NANNING". www.merriam-webster.com (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-01-04.
  2. ^ أ ب "Definition of Nanning | Dictionary.com". www.dictionary.com (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-01-04.
  3. ^ "Nanning". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021.
  4. ^ "Illuminating China's Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions". PRC Central Government Official Website. Retrieved 2014-05-17.
  5. ^ "Nanning | China". Encyclopedia Britannica (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-06-13.
  6. ^ أ ب "Nanning Overview". Nanning Municipal Government. Retrieved 2023-11-25.
  7. ^ "古代南宁政权更迭史及审判史迹" [The history of regime change and trial history in ancient Nanning]. Nanning Court Network Editorial Board. September 27, 2013. Archived from the original on 24 December 2020.
  8. ^ "Chinese Civil War - Nationalist collapse and the establishment of the People's Republic of China (1949) | Britannica". Encyclopedia Britannica (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  9. ^ "ASEAN and China Gear Up for CAEXPO". asean.org. Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  10. ^ admin (2021-08-18). "Previous Challenges". WRO Association (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2023-07-09.
  11. ^ According to the table on List of tallest buildings in the People's Republic of China
  12. ^ Huang, Yanmei (黄艳梅); Yang, Zhixiong (杨志雄) (25 March 2008). 2007南宁市GDP总量首次突破一千亿元人民币. 中新广西网 (in الصينية المبسطة). Archived from the original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015 – via Xinhua Guangxi.
  13. ^ "High-speed railway to boost trade". Archived from the original on 22 January 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
  14. ^ "China starts construction of Nanning-Guangzhou high-speed rail line". Xinhua. 9 November 2008. Archived from the original on 4 March 2009. Retrieved 28 August 2010.
  15. ^ Nanning train schedule Archived 2 يناير 2014 at the Wayback Machine (in صينية)
  16. ^ 广西再开通运营9对动车组 陈武宣布高铁开通 [Guangxi opens new CRH service, with 9 pairs of train a day. Chen Wu announces the opening of high-speed service]. huochepiao.com. 31 December 2013. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  17. ^ 南宁市 (in Chinese (China)). Archived from the original on 10 June 2008. Retrieved 11 June 2008.
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وصلات خارجية


خطأ استشهاد: وسوم <ref> موجودة لمجموعة اسمها "lower-alpha"، ولكن لم يتم العثور على وسم <references group="lower-alpha"/>

الكلمات الدالة:
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