الحرب العالمية الثانية في يوغسلاڤيا

الحرب العالمية الثانية في يوغسلاڤيا جزء من الحرب العالمية الثانية مع عقارب الساعة من أعلى اليسار: أنتى پاڤليتش يزور أدولف هتلر في Berghof, Stjepan Filipović hanged by the occupation forces, Draža Mihailović confers with his troops, a group of Chetniks with German soldiers in a village in Serbia, Josip Broz Tito with members of the British mission التاريخ 6 أبريل 1941 – 15 مايو 1945 (4 years, 1 months, 1 weeks and 2 days) الموقع يوغسلاڤيا النتيجة Allied victory المتحاربون April 1941: ألمانيا النازية مملكة إيطاليا مملكة المجر مملكة بلغاريا April 1941: مملكة يوغسلاڤيا   1941–43: ألمانيا النازية مملكة إيطاليا كرواتيا[1] VNS[2] مملكة المجر مملكة بلغاريا 1941–43: Chetniks[3] 1941–43: Partisans 1943–45: ألمانيا النازية كرواتيا VNS (until 1944) مملكة المجر مملكة بلغاريا (until 1944) Albania (until 1944) Slovene Home Guard (1943–45) Pećanac Chetniks Chetniks 1943–45: Partisans المملكة المتحدة الاتحاد السوڤيتي (1944–45) Bulgaria (1944–45) Albania (1944–45) الولايات المتحدة (limited involvement) القادة والزعماء Maximilian von Weichs Alexander Löhr  # Edmund Glaise von Horstenau Mario Roatta Miklós Horthy Ante Pavelić Slavko Kvaternik Milan Nedić Kosta Pećanac  † Leon Rupnik Bogdan Filov Xhemo Hasa † Dušan Simović Danilo Kalafatović Draža Mihailović Ilija Trifunović-Birčanin Dobroslav Jevđević Pavle Đurišić  Momčilo Đujić Zaharije Ostojić  Petar Baćović  Vojislav Lukačević Jezdimir Dangić Josip Broz Tito Mihajlo Apostolski Milovan Đilas Aleksandar Ranković Kosta Nađ Peko Dapčević Koča Popović Petar Drapšin Svetozar Vukmanović Tempo Arso Jovanović Sava Kovačević † Ivan Gošnjak Boris Kidrič Franc Rozman Stane † Fyodor Tolbukhin Vladimir Stoychev القوى 300,000 (1944) 321,000 (1943) 170,000 (1943) 130,000 (1945) 40,000 (1943) 70,000 (1943) 12,000 (1944) 93,000 (1943) 100,000 (1943) 800,000 (1945) 580,000 (1944) الضحايا والخسائر Germany:[4] 19,235 killed 14,805 missing; Italy:[5] 9,065 killed 15,160 wounded 6,306 missing; NDH: 99,000 killed Partisans: 245,549 killed 399,880 wounded 31,200 died from wounds 28,925 missing قتلى مدنيين: ~581,000 Total Yugoslav casualties: ~1,200,000 a ^ Axis puppet regime established on occupied Yugoslav territory b ^ Resistance movement. Engaged in collaboration with Axis forces from mid-1942 onward, lost official Allied support in 1943. Full names: initially "Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army", then "Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland". c ^ Casualties in the Balkan area, including Greece, from April 1941 to January 1945 d ^ Including casualties in the April invasion of Yugoslavia

قالب:Campaignbox Yugoslavia

العمليات العسكرية في الحرب العالمية الثانية في يوغسلاڤيا بدأت في 6 أبريل 1941، حين تعرضت مملكة يوغسلاڤيا لغزو خاطف من قوى المحور وتم تقسيمها بين ألمانيا وإيطاليا والمجر وبلغاريا وأنظمة عميلة. وإثر ذلك، اندلعت حرب تحرير بأسلوب العصابات ضد قوات المحور المحتلة والأنظمة العميلة اللائي أقمنها، بما في ذلك دولة كرواتيا المستقلة وحكومة الخلاص الوطني الصربية، بقيادة KPJ-led republican Yugoslav Partisans. Simultaneously, a multi-side civil war was waged between the Partisans, the Serbian royalist Chetniks, Croatian nationalist Ustaše and Home Guard, as well as Slovene Home Guard troops.

Both the Yugoslav Partisans and the Chetnik movement initially resisted the occupation. However, after 1941, Chetniks extensively and systematically collaborated with the Italian occupation forces until the Italian capitulation, and thereon also with German and Ustaše forces. The Axis mounted a series of offensives intended to destroy the Partisans, coming close to doing so in the winter and spring of 1943.

Despite the setbacks, the Partisans remained a credible fighting force, gaining recognition from the Western Allies and laying the foundations for the post-war Yugoslav state. With support in logistics and air power from the Western Allies, and Soviet ground troops in the Belgrade Offensive, the Partisans eventually gained control of the entire country and of the border regions of Italy and Austria.

The human cost of the war was enormous. The number of war victims is still in dispute, but is generally agreed to have been at least one million. Non-combat victims included the majority of the country's Jewish population, many of whom perished in concentration and extermination camps (e.g. Jasenovac, Banjica) run by the client regimes.

The Croatian Ustaše regime committed war crimes against local Serbs, Jews, Roma, Croats, and Muslims. The Chetniks pursued ethnic cleansing against Muslims and Croats and the Italian occupation authorities pursued violence against Slovenes and Croats. The Wehrmacht carried out mass executions of civilians in retaliation for resistance activity e.g., the Kragujevac massacre.

Finally, during and after the final stages of the war, Yugoslav authorities and Partisan troops carried out reprisals, including the deportation of the Danube Swabian population, forced marches and executions of thousands of captured collaborators and civilians fleeing their advance (Bleiburg repatriations), atrocities against the Italian population in Istria (Foibe massacres) and purges against Serbs, Hungarians and Germans associated with the fascist forces.

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 الغزو

المقالة الرئيسية: غزو يوغسلاڤيا

احتلال وتقسيم يوغسلاڤيا 1941.

في 6 أبريل 1941 تم غزو مملكة يوغسلاڤيا من كل الجهات من قوى المحور: ألمانيا وإيطاليا وحليفتهم المجر.

 المقاومة المبكرة

أدولف هتلر في ماريبور، يوغسلافيا في 1941. He later ordered his officials "to make these lands German again".

 الخسائر

 خسائر اليوغسلاڤ

للمزيد من المعلومات: World War II casualties and World War II reparations towards Yugoslavia

الضحايا حسب القومية

القومية	1964 list	Kočović	Žerjavić
صرب	346,740	487,000	530,000
كروات	83,257	207,000	192,000
سلوڤين	42,027	32,000	42,000
مونتنجرين	16,276	50,000	20,000
مقدون	6,724	7,000	6,000
مسلمون	32,300	86,000	103,000
سلاڤ آخرون	–	12,000	7,000
ألبان	3,241	6,000	18,000
يهود	45,000	60,000	57,000
غجر	–	27,000	18,000
ألمان	–	26,000	28,000
مجر	2,680	–	–
سلوڤاك	1,160	–	–
ترك	686	–	–
آخرون	–	14,000	6,000
غير معروفين	16,202	–	–
الإجمالي	597,323	1,014,000	1,027,000

الخسائر حسب الموقع، حسب قائمة يوغسلاڤية في 1964

الموقع	عدد القتلى	الناجون
البوسنة والهرسك	177,045	49,242
كرواتيا	194,749	106,220
مقدونيا	19,076	32,374
الجبل الأسود	16,903	14,136
سلوڤينيا	40,791	101,929
صربيا (نفسها)	97,728	123,818
كوسوڤو	7,927	13,960
ڤويڤودينا	41,370	65,957
غير معروفين	1,744	2,213
الإجمالي	597,323	509,849

 خسائر الألمان

According to German casualty lists quoted by The Times for July 30, 1945, from documents found amongst the personal effects of General Hermann Reinecke, head of the Public Relations Department of the German High Command, total German casualties in the Balkans amounted to 24,000 killed and 12,000 missing, no figure being mentioned for wounded. A majority of these casualties suffered in the Balkans were inflicted in Yugoslavia. According to German researcher Rüdiger Overmans, German losses in the Balkans were more than three times higher – 103,693 during the course of the war, and some 11,000 who died as Yugoslav prisoners of war.

 انظر أيضاً

• حملة الأدرياتي في الحرب العالمية الثانية
• قصف الحلفاء ليوغسلاڤيا في الحرب العالمية الثانية
• متحف 4 يوليو
• جبهة تحرير الشعب السلوڤيني
• غارة نوڤي صاد
• الانتفاضة في صربيا (1941)
• Seven anti-Partisan offensives
• القتال الجوي على الجبهة اليوغسلاڤية
• يوغسلاڤيا والحلفاء
• National Liberation War of Macedonia
• Slovene Lands in World War II
• The prisoner transfer from Yugoslavia that led to Norway's largest massacre

 الهامش

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