الأقاليم/ التواريخ [1][2][3][4] |
مصر |
كنعان |
إبلا |
ماري |
أكشاك/ أكاد |
كيش |
أوروك |
أداب |
أومـّا
|
لگش |
أور |
عيلام
|
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سبقها: تأريخ فترة العصر الحجري الحديث
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4000–3200 ق.م.
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ثقافة نقادة (4000–3100 ق.م.)
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Proto-Cannaanites
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الفترة السومرية (4000–2340 ق.م.)
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Susa I
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Pre-Dynastic period (4000–2900 ق.م.)
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Naqada I Naqada II
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Egypt-Mesopotamia relations
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Uruk period (4000-3100 ق.م.)
(Anonymous "King-priests")
Legendary ante-deluvian rulers: In Eridu: Alulim, Alalngar, then in Bad-tibira: En-men-lu-ana, En-men-gal-ana, Dumuzid, the Shepherd, then in Larag: En-sipad-zid-ana, then in Zimbir: En-men-dur-ana, then in Shuruppag: Ubara-Tutu "then the flood swept over"[5]
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Susa II
(Uruk influence or control)
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3200–3100 ق.م.
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Proto-Dynastic period (Naqada III) Early or legendary kings:
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Upper Egypt Finger Snail Fish Pen-Abu Animal Stork Canide Bull Scorpion I Shendjw Iry-Hor Ka Scorpion II نعرمر / Menes
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Lower Egypt Hedju Hor Ny-Hor Hsekiu Khayu Tiu Thesh Neheb Wazner Nat-Hor Mekh Double Falcon Wash
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3100–2900 ق.م.
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Early Dynastic Period First Dynasty of Egypt Narmer Menes Hor-Aha Djer Djet Merneith♀ DenAnedjib Semerkhet Qa'a Sneferka Horus Bird
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Canaanites
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Jemdet Nasr period
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Proto-Elamite period (Susa III) (3100-2700 ق.م.)
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Great Flood
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2900 ق.م.
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Second Dynasty of Egypt
Hotepsekhemwy Nebra/Raneb Nynetjer Ba Nubnefer Horus Sa Weneg-Nebty Wadjenes Senedj Seth-Peribsen Sekhemib-Perenmaat Neferkara I Neferkasokar Hudjefa I Khasekhemwy
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Early Dynastic Period I (2900–2700 ق.م.)
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First Eblaite Kingdom (Semitic)
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First kingdom of Mari (Semitic)
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Kish I dynasty Jushur, Kullassina-bel Nangishlishma, En-tarah-ana Babum, Puannum, Kalibum
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2800 ق.م.
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Kalumum Zuqaqip Atab Mashda Arwium Etana Balih En-me-nuna Melem-Kish Barsal-nuna
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Uruk I dynasty Mesh-ki-ang-gasher
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Enmerkar ("conqueror of Aratta")
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2700 ق.م.
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Early Dynastic Period II (2700–2600 ق.م.)
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|
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Zamug, Tizqar, Ilku Iltasadum
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Lugalbanda Dumuzid, the Fisherman
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En-me-barage-si ("made the land of Elam submit")[6]
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Aga of Kish
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Gilgamesh
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Old Elamite period (2700–1500 ق.م.)
Indus-Mesopotamia relations
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2600 ق.م.
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Third Dynasty of Egypt
Djoser Sekhemkhet Sanakht Nebka Khaba Qahedjet Huni
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Early Dynastic Period III (2600–2340 ق.م.)
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Sagisu Abur-lim Agur-lim Ibbi-Damu Baba-Damu
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Kish II dynasty (5 kings) Uhub Mesilim
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Ur-Nungal Udulkalama Labashum
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Lagash En-hegal Lugalshaengur
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Ur A-Imdugud Ur-Pabilsag Meskalamdug (Queen Puabi) Akalamdug
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Enun-dara-anna Mes-he Melamanna Lugal-kitun
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Adab Nin-kisalsi Me-durba Lugal-dalu
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2575 ق.م.
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Old Kingdom of Egypt Fourth Dynasty of Egypt Snefru Khufu
Djedefre Khafre Bikheris Menkaure Shepseskaf Thamphthis
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Ur I dynasty Mesannepada "ملك أور وكيش"، المنتصر على أوروك
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2500 ق.م.
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Phoenicia (2500-539 ق.م.)
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Second kingdom of Mari (Semitic) Ikun-Shamash Iku-Shamagan
Ansud Sa'umu Ishtup-Ishar Ikun-Mari Iblul-Il Nizi
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Akshak dynasty Unzi Undalulu
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Kish III dynasty Ku-Baba
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Uruk II dynasty Enshakushanna
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Mug-si
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Umma I dynasty
Pabilgagaltuku
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Lagash I dynasty
Ur-Nanshe
Akurgal
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A'annepada Meskiagnun إلولو بالولو
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Awan dynasty Peli Tata Ukkutahesh Hishur
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2450 ق.م.
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Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
Userkaf Sahure Neferirkare Kakai Neferefre Shepseskare Nyuserre Ini Menkauhor Kaiu Djedkare Isesi Unas
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Enar-Damu Ishar-Malik
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Ush Enakalle
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Elamite invasions (3 kings)[7]
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Shushuntarana Napilhush
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2425 ق.م.
|
Kun-Damu
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Eannatum (King of Lagash, Sumer, Akkad, conqueror of Elam)
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2400 ق.م.
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Adub-Damu Igrish-Halam Irkab-Damu
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Urur
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Kish IV dynasty Puzur-Suen Ur-Zababa
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Lugal-kinishe-dudu Lugal-kisalsi
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E-iginimpa'e Meskigal
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Ur-Lumma Il Gishakidu (Queen Bara-irnun)
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Enannatum Entemena Enannatum II Enentarzi
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Ur II dynasty Nanni Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna II
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Kiku-siwe-tempti
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2380 BCE
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Sixth Dynasty of Egypt Teti Userkare Pepi I Merenre Nemtyemsaf I Pepi II Merenre Nemtyemsaf II Netjerkare Siptah
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Adab dynasty Lugalannemundu "King of the four quarters of the world"
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2370 ق.م.
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Isar-Damu
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Enna-Dagan Ikun-Ishar Ishqi-Mari
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Invasion of Mari Anbu, Anba, Bazi, Zizi of Mari, Limer, Sharrum-iter[7]
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Ukush
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Lugalanda Urukagina
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Luh-ishan
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2350 ق.م.
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Puzur-Nirah Ishu-Il Shu-Sin
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Uruk III dynasty Lugalzagesi (Governor of Umma, King of all Sumer)
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2340 ق.م.
|
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Akkadian Period (2340–2150 ق.م.)
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Akkadian Empire (Semitic) Sargon of Akkad Rimush Manishtushu
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Akkadian Governors: Eshpum Ilshu-rabi Epirmupi Ili-ishmani
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2250 ق.م.
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Naram-Sin
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Lugal-ushumgal (vassal of the Akkadians)
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2200 BCE
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First Intermediate Period Seventh Dynasty of Egypt Eighth Dynasty of Egypt
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Second Eblaite Kingdom (Semitic)
(Vassals of UR III)
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Shakkanakku dynasty (Semitic) Ididish Shu-Dagan Ishma-Dagan (Vassals of the Akkadians)
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Shar-Kali-Sharri
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Igigi, Imi, Nanum, Ilulu (3 years) Dudu Shu-turul
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Uruk IV dynasty Ur-nigin Ur-gigir
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Lagash II dynasty Puzer-Mama Ur-Ningirsu I Pirig-me Lu-Baba Lu-gula Ka-ku
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Hishep-Ratep Helu Khita Puzur-Inshushinak
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2150 ق.م.
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Ninth Dynasty of Egypt Meryibre Khety Neferkare VII Nebkaure Khety Setut
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Neo-Sumerian Period (2150–2000 ق.م.)
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Nûr-Mêr Ishtup-Ilum
Ishgum-Addu Apil-kin
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Gutian dynasty (21 kings)
La-erabum Si'um
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Kuda (Uruk) Puzur-ili Ur-Utu
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Umma II dynasty Lugalannatum (vassal of the Gutians)
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Ur-Baba Gudea Ur-Ningirsu Ur-gar Nam-mahani
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Tirigan
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2125 ق.م.
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Tenth Dynasty of Egypt Meryhathor Neferkare VIII Wahkare Khety Merykare
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Iddi-ilum Ili-Ishar Tura-Dagan Puzur-Ishtar Hitial-Erra Hanun-Dagan (Vassals of Ur III)[8]
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Uruk V dynasty Utu-hengal
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2100 BCE
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Ur III dynasty "Kings of Ur, Sumer and Akkad" Ur-Nammu Shulgi Amar-Sin Shu-Sin Ibbi-Sin
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2050 ق.م.
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2000 ق.م.
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Middle Kingdom of Egypt Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt Mentuhotep I Intef I Intef II Intef III Mentuhotep II Mentuhotep III Mentuhotep IV
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حوالي 2000 ق.م.
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Amorite invasions
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Elamite invasions Kindattu (Shimashki Dynasty)
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2025-1763 ق.م.
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Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt Amenemhat I Senusret I Amenemhat II Senusret II Senusret III Amenemhat III Amenemhat IV Sobekneferu♀
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Third Eblaite Kingdom (Semitic) Ibbit-Lim Immeya Indilimma
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Old Assyrian Empire (2025–1378 ق.م.) Puzur-Ashur I Shalim-ahum Ilu-shuma Erishum I Ikunum Sargon I Puzur-Ashur II Naram-Sin Erishum II Shamshi-Adad I Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur Rimush Asinum Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi Bel-bani Libaya Sharma-Adad I Iptar-Sin Bazaya Lullaya Shu-Ninua Sharma-Adad II Erishum III Shamshi-Adad II Ishme-Dagan II Shamshi-Adad III Ashur-nirari I Puzur-Ashur III Enlil-nasir I Nur-ili Ashur-shaduni Ashur-rabi I Ashur-nadin-ahhe I Enlil-Nasir II Ashur-nirari II Ashur-bel-nisheshu Ashur-rim-nisheshu Ashur-nadin-ahhe II
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Isin-Larsa period (Amorites) Dynasty of Isin: Ishbi-Erra Shu-Ilishu Iddin-Dagan Ishme-Dagan Lipit-Eshtar Ur-Ninurta Bur-Suen Lipit-Enlil Erra-imitti Enlil-bani Zambiya Iter-pisha Ur-du-kuga Suen-magir Damiq-ilishu Dynasty of Larsa: Naplanum Emisum Samium Zabaia Gungunum Abisare Sumuel Nur-Adad Sin-Iddinam Sin-Eribam Sin-Iqisham Silli-Adad Warad-Sin Rim-Sin I (...) Rim-Sin II
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Sukkalmah dynasty
Siwe-Palar-Khuppak
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1894–1595 ق.م.
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Second Intermediate Period Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt
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Abraham (Biblical)
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Yamhad
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First Babylonian dynasty ("Old Babylonian Period") (Amorites) Sumu-abum Sumu-la-El Sin-muballitSabium Apil-Sin Sin-muballit Hammurabi Samsu-iluna Abi-eshuh Ammi-ditana Ammi-saduqa Samsu-Ditana
Early Kassite rulers
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Second Babylonian dynasty ("Sealand Dynasty") Ilum-ma-ili Itti-ili-nibi Damqi-ilishu Ishkibal Shushushi Gulkishar mDIŠ+U-EN Peshgaldaramesh Ayadaragalama Akurduana Melamkurkurra Ea-gamil
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Sixteenth Dynasty
Abydos Dynasty
Seventeenth Dynasty
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Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt ("Hyksos")
Semqen 'Aper-'Anati Sakir-Har Khyan Apepi Khamudi
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Mitanni (1600–1260 ق.م.) Kirta Shuttarna I Parshatatar
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1531–1155 ق.م.
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New Kingdom of Egypt Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt Ahmose I Amenhotep I
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Third Babylonian dynasty (Kassites) Agum-Kakrime Burnaburiash I Kashtiliash III Ulamburiash Agum III Karaindash Kadashman-harbe I Kurigalzu I Kadashman-Enlil I Burnaburiash II Kara-hardash Nazi-Bugash Kurigalzu II Nazi-Maruttash Kadashman-Turgu Kadashman-Enlil II Kudur-Enlil Shagarakti-Shuriash Kashtiliashu IV Enlil-nadin-shumi Kadashman-Harbe II Adad-shuma-iddina Adad-shuma-usur Meli-Shipak II Marduk-apla-iddina I Zababa-shuma-iddin Enlil-nadin-ahi
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Middle Elamite period
(1500–1100 ق.م.) Kidinuid dynasty Igehalkid dynasty Untash-Napirisha
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Thutmose I Thutmose II Thutmose III
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Hatshepsut♀ Amenhotep II Thutmose IV Amenhotep III Akhenaten Smenkhkare Neferneferuaten♀ Tutankhamun Ay Horemheb
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Hittite Empire
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Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt Ramesses I Seti I Ramesses II Merneptah Amenmesses Seti II Siptah Twosret♀
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Elamite Empire Shutrukid dynasty Shutruk-Nakhunte
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1155–1025 ق.م.
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Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt
Setnakhte Ramesses III Ramesses IV Ramesses V Ramesses VI Ramesses VII Ramesses VIII Ramesses IX Ramesses X Ramesses XI
Third Intermediate Period
Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt Smendes Amenemnisu Psusennes I Amenemope Osorkon the Elder Siamun Psusennes II
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Phoenicia
Kingdom of Israel Saul Ish-bosheth David Solomon
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Syro-Hittite states
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Middle Assyrian Empire Eriba-Adad I Ashur-uballit I Enlil-nirari Arik-den-ili Adad-nirari I Shalmaneser I Tukulti-Ninurta I Ashur-nadin-apli Ashur-nirari III Enlil-kudurri-usur Ninurta-apal-Ekur Ashur-dan I Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur Mutakkil-Nusku Ashur-resh-ishi I Tiglath-Pileser I Asharid-apal-Ekur Ashur-bel-kala Eriba-Adad II Shamshi-Adad IV Ashurnasirpal I Shalmaneser II Ashur-nirari IV Ashur-rabi II Ashur-resh-ishi II Tiglath-Pileser II Ashur-dan II
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Fourth Babylonian dynasty ("Second Dynasty of Isin") Marduk-kabit-ahheshu Itti-Marduk-balatu Ninurta-nadin-shumi Nebuchadnezzar I Enlil-nadin-apli Marduk-nadin-ahhe Marduk-shapik-zeri Adad-apla-iddina Marduk-ahhe-eriba Marduk-zer-X Nabu-shum-libur
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Neo-Elamite period (1100–540 ق.م.)
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1025–934 BCE
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Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth Babylonian dynasties ("Period of Chaos") Simbar-shipak Ea-mukin-zeri Kashshu-nadin-ahi Eulmash-shakin-shumi Ninurta-kudurri-usur I Shirikti-shuqamuna Mar-biti-apla-usur Nabû-mukin-apli
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911–745 ق.م.
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Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt Shoshenq I Osorkon I Shoshenq II Takelot I Osorkon II Shoshenq III Shoshenq IV Pami Shoshenq V Pedubast II Osorkon IV
Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt Harsiese A Takelot II Pedubast I Shoshenq VI Osorkon III Takelot III Rudamun Menkheperre Ini
Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt Tefnakht Bakenranef
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Kingdom of Samaria
Kingdom of Judah
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Neo-Assyrian Empire Adad-nirari II Tukulti-Ninurta II Ashurnasirpal II Shalmaneser III Shamshi-Adad V Shammuramat (regent) Adad-nirari III Shalmaneser IV Ashur-Dan III Ashur-nirari V
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Ninth Babylonian Dynasty Ninurta-kudurri-usur II Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina Shamash-mudammiq Nabu-shuma-ukin I Nabu-apla-iddina Marduk-zakir-shumi I Marduk-balassu-iqbi Baba-aha-iddina (five kings) Ninurta-apla-X Marduk-bel-zeri Marduk-apla-usur Eriba-Marduk Nabu-shuma-ishkun Nabonassar Nabu-nadin-zeri Nabu-shuma-ukin II Nabu-mukin-zeri
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Humban-Tahrid dynasty
Urtak Teumman Ummanigash Tammaritu I Indabibi Humban-haltash III
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745–609 BCE
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Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt ("Black Pharaohs") Piye Shebitku Shabaka Taharqa Tanutamun
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Neo-Assyrian Empire
(Sargonid dynasty) Tiglath-Pileser† Shalmaneser† Marduk-apla-iddina II Sargon† Sennacherib† Marduk-zakir-shumi II Marduk-apla-iddina II Bel-ibni Ashur-nadin-shumi† Nergal-ushezib Mushezib-Marduk Esarhaddon† Ashurbanipal Ashur-etil-ilani Sinsharishkun Sin-shumu-lishir Ashur-uballit II
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Assyrian conquest of Egypt
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626–539 BCE
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Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt Necho I Psamtik I Necho II Psamtik II Wahibre Ahmose II Psamtik III
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Neo-Babylonian Empire Nabopolassar Nebuchadnezzar II Amel-Marduk Neriglissar Labashi-Marduk Nabonidus
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Median Empire Deioces Phraortes Madius Cyaxares Astyages
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539–331 BCE
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Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt (Achaemenid conquest of Egypt)
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Achaemenid Empire Cyrus Cambyses Darius I Xerxes Artaxerxes I Darius II Artaxerxes II Artaxerxes III Artaxerxes IV Darius III
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Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt
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Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt
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331–141 BCE
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Ptolemaic dynasty Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
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Hellenistic Period Argead dynasty: Alexander I Philip Alexander II Antigonus
Seleucid Empire: Seleucus I Antiochus I Antiochus II Seleucus II Seleucus III Antiochus III Seleucus IV Antiochus IV Antiochus V Demetrius I Alexander III Demetrius II Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes
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141–30 BCE
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Kingdom of Judea Simon Thassi John Hyrcanus Aristobulus I Alexander Jannaeus Salome Alexandra Hyrcanus II Aristobulus II Antigonus II Mattathias
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Alexander II Zabinas Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
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Parthian Empire Mithridates I Phraates Hyspaosines Artabanus Mithridates II Gotarzes Mithridates III Orodes I Sinatruces Phraates III Mithridates IV Orodes II Phraates IV Tiridates II Musa Phraates V Orodes III Vonones I Artabanus II Tiridates III Artabanus II Vardanes I Gotarzes II Meherdates Vonones II Vologases I Vardanes II Pacorus II Vologases II Artabanus III Osroes I
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30 ق.م.–618 م
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Roman Empire (Roman conquest of Egypt) Province of Egypt
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Roman Empire Judea
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Roman Empire Syria
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Roman Empire Province of Mesopotamia
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Vologases III Parthamaspates Sinatruces II Mithridates V Vologases IV Osroes II Vologases V Vologases VI Artabanus IV
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Sasanian Empire Province of Asoristan Ardashir I Shapur I Hormizd I Bahram I Bahram II Bahram III Narseh Hormizd II Adur Narseh Shapur II Ardashir II Shapur III Bahram IV Yazdegerd I Shapur IV Khosrow Bahram V Yazdegerd II Hormizd III Peroz I Balash Kavad I Jamasp Kavad I Khosrow I Hormizd IV Khosrow II Bahram VI Chobin Vistahm
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618–628 م
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Sasanian Empire (Sasanian conquest of Egypt) Province of Egypt Shahrbaraz Sahralanyozan Shahrbaraz
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Sasanian Empire Province of Asoristan Khosrow II Kavad II Ardashir III Shahrbaraz Khosrow III Boran Shapur-i Shahrvaraz Azarmidokht Farrukh Hormizd Hormizd VI Khosrow IV Boran Yazdegerd III Peroz III Narsieh
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628–641 م
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Roman Empire Province of Egypt
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Roman Empire يهودا
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Roman Empire سوريا
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Roman Empire مقاطعة الرافدين
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639–651 م
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Muslim conquest of Egypt
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Muslim conquest of the Levant
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Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia
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حكام آسيا الوسطى القديمة
|
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