فادوتس

Coordinates: 47°08′28″N 9°31′16″E / 47.141°N 9.521°E / 47.141; 9.521
Vaduz
Capital city and municipality
Vaduz.jpg
Liechtenstein asv2022-10 img23 Vaduz Regierungsgebäude.jpg
Vaduz-Schloss02.jpg
2018-10-05 Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Tre Cavalli (KPFC) 05.jpg
2018-10-05 Liechtenstein, Vaduz, Rotes Haus (KPFC) 09.jpg
Cathedral of St. Florin - Vaduz.jpg
Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein 1.jpg
Landtagsgebäude des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.jpg
Panoramic, Government building, Castle of Vaduz, Tre Cavalli (literally Three Horses) sculpture, Rotes Haus (literally Red House), Cathedral of St. Florin, Liechtenstein Museum of Fine Arts, House of Parliament
علم Vaduz
Flag
درع Vaduz
Coat of arms
Location of Vaduz
Vaduz and its exclaves in Liechtenstein
Vaduz and its exclaves in Liechtenstein
الإحداثيات: 47°08′28″N 9°31′16″E / 47.141°N 9.521°E / 47.141; 9.521
Country ليختنشتاين
Electoral districtOberland
VillagesEbenholz, Mühleholz
الحكومة
 • MayorFlorian Meier
المساحة
 • الإجمالي17٫28 كم² (6٫67 ميل²)
المنسوب
455 m (1٬493 ft)
التعداد
 (31-12-2019)[1]
 • الإجمالي5٬696
 • الكثافة330/km2 (850/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+1 (CET)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
9490
مفتاح الهاتف7001
ISO 3166 codeLI-11
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.vaduz.li
View of Vaduz from space
Panoramic view of Vaduz

ڤادوتس (النطق الألماني: [faˈduːts] or [faˈdʊts])، هي عاصمة إمارة ليختنشتاين and the seat of the national parliament. The town, located along the Rhine, has about 5,100 inhabitants (اعتبارا من 2009),[2] most of whom are Roman Catholic. Its cathedral is the seat of a Roman Catholic archbishop.

While Vaduz is better known internationally, it is actually not the largest town in the principality: neighbouring Schaan has a greater population.

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التاريخ

مبنى حكومي في ليشتنشتاين
Cathedral of St. Florin

Vaduz is said to be mentioned in historic 12th century manuscripts as Farduzes. It is however commonly believed to have been founded in the thirteenth century by the Counts of Werdenberg. In 1322 a mention of the castle is made, which was sacked by the Swiss in 1499.

In the 17th century the Liechtenstein family was seeking a seat in the Imperial diet, the Reichstag. However, since they did not hold any territory that was directly under the Imperial throne, they were unable to meet the primary requirement to qualify.

The family yearned for the added power a seat in the Imperial government would bring, and therefore sought to acquire lands that would be Reichsunmittelbar, or held without any feudal personage other than the Holy Roman Emperor himself having rights on the land. After some time, the family was able to arrange the purchase of the minuscule Herrschaft ("Lordship") of Schellenberg and countship of Vaduz (in 1699 and 1712 respectively) from the Hohenems. Tiny Schellenberg and Vaduz possessed exactly the political status required; no feudal lord other than their comital sovereign and the suzerain Emperor.

Thereby, on January 23, 1719, after purchase had been duly made, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, decreed Vaduz and Schellenberg were united, and raised to the dignity of Fürstentum (principality) with the name "Liechtenstein" in honour of "[his] true servant, Anton Florian of Liechtenstein". It is on this date that Liechtenstein became a sovereign member state of the Holy Roman Empire. As a testament to the pure political expediency of the purchases, the Princes of Liechtenstein did not set foot in their new principality for over 120 years.


السياسة

Vaduz is located in the Oberland electoral district, and has three seats in the Landtag of Liechtenstein.[3] Since the introduction of Liechtenstein municipal law of 1864, Vaduz has been locally administered by a mayor and municipal council. Until 1941, this consisted of the mayor, the municipal treasurer, and seven other councillors.[4]

In 1975, the municipal law was revised which extended term of the mayor and council to four years and increased the seats of Vaduz's municipal council to twelve. The system to elect the municipal council was changed to use a open list proportional representation system. In 1976, Vaduz replaced universal male suffrage with universal suffrage.[4] Universal suffrage was not introduced to Liechtenstein on a national level until 1984.[5]

The incumbent mayor is Florian Meier, elected in the 2024 Vaduz mayoral by-election.[6]

آخر انتخابات

مقال رئيسي: 2023 Vaduz elections
Vaduz Municipal Council 2023.svg
الحزبالأصوات%المقاعد+/–
Progressive Citizens' Party9٬52241.356+1
Patriotic Union9٬50041.255–1
Democrats for Liechtenstein2٬2869.931+1
Free List1٬7207.471–1
الإجمالي23٬028100.00130
الأصوات الصحيحة1٬91996.48
الأصوات الباطلة703.52
إجمالي الأصوات1٬989100.00
الأصوات المسجلة/المشاركة2٬83570.16
المصدر: Gemeindewahlen

قائمة العمد (1864–الحاضر)

List of mayors (1864–present)
الاسم Term الحزب Ref(s)
Alois Rheinberger 1864–1870
—
[4]
Josef Amann 1870–1873
Felix Real 1873–1876
Alois Rheinberger 1876–1879
يوزف أمان 1879–1885
Meinrad Ospelt 1885–1888
Alois Rheinberger 1888–1894
Reinold Amann 1894–1897
Adolf Real 1897–1900
Alois Seeger 1900–1903
Adolf Real 1903–1909
Franz Wachter 1909–1912
Adolf Real 1912–1916
Gustav Ospelt 1916–1921 FBP
Josef Gassner 1921–1927
Bernhard Risch 1927–1930
Ludwig Ospelt 1930–1933
Bernhard Risch 1933–1936
Ludwig Ospelt 1936–1942
David Strub 1942–1966
Meinrad Ospelt 1966–1972
Hilmar Ospelt 1972–1980
Arthur Konrad 1980–1995
Karlheinz Ospelt 1995–2007 style="width: 4px" bgcolor=قالب:Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)/meta/color| [[Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)|قالب:Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)/meta/shortname]]
Ewald Ospelt 2007–2019 FBP
Manfred Bischof 2019–2023
Petra Miescher 2023–2024 style="width: 4px" bgcolor=قالب:Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)/meta/color| [[Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)|قالب:Patriotic Union (Liechtenstein)/meta/shortname]]
Florian Meier 2024 FBP

المعالم الرئيسية

Vaduz Castle overlooking the city

The most prominent landmark of Vaduz is the Vaduz Castle, the home of the reigning prince of Liechtenstein and the Liechtenstein princely family. The castle is visible from almost any location in Vaduz, being perched atop a steep hill in the middle of the city. The Cathedral of St. Florin, Government House and City Hall are also well-known landmarks, displaying the various styles and periods of architecture that the city is known for.

الإقتصاد ووسائل النقل

Vaduz has a lively tourist industry, despite being one of the very few capital cities in the world without an airport or railway station.

The closest railway station is Schaan–Vaduz located around 2 km from the city centre in the town of Schaan. However, very few trains stop here except for a local service between Buchs in Switzerland and Feldkirch in Austria. There are extremely frequent bus connections between nearby mainline railway stations including Buchs, Sargans, and Feldkirch, operated by Liechtenstein Bus.

الثقافة والرياضة

City centre (here with Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein)

The National Art Gallery as well as the National Museum are located in Vaduz. The art gallery (Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein) is a museum of modern and contemporary art. The building is an architectural landmark built by the Swiss architects Morger, Degelo and Kerez. It was completed in November 2000 and forms a “black box” of tinted concrete and black basalt stone. The museum collection is also the national art collection of Liechtenstein. The Liechtenstein National Museum is showing a permanent exhibition on the cultural and natural history of Liechtenstein as well as special exhibitions. There are also the Postage Stamp Museum and a Ski Museum.

Vaduz also has a local professional football (soccer) club, FC Vaduz which, as the other clubs in Liechtenstein, plays in the Swiss Football League. Starting in the 2008-2009 season, FC Vaduz became the first Liechtenstein club to play in the Swiss Super League, Switzerland's top flight.

المناخ

متوسطات الطقس لVaduz
شهر يناير فبراير مارس أبريل مايو يونيو يوليو أغسطس سبتمبر اكتوبر نوفمبر ديسمبر السنة
متوسط العظمى °م (°ف) 3.6 (38) 5.6 (42) 10.1 (50) 13.8 (57) 18.4 (65) 20.9 (70) 23 (73) 22.3 (72) 19.5 (67) 14.7 (58) 8.5 (47) 4.4 (40) 13٫7 (57)
متوسط الصغرى °م (°ف) -3.5 (26) -2 (28) 1.2 (34) 4 (39) 8 (46) 10.9 (52) 12.7 (55) 12.6 (55) 10 (50) 5.7 (42) 1 (34) -2.6 (27) 4٫8 (41)
هطول الأمطار mm (بوصة) 45 (1.8) 44 (1.7) 46 (1.8) 58 (2.3) 84 (3.3) 112 (4.4) 124 (4.9) 127 (5) 87 (3.4) 55 (2.2) 58 (2.3) 51 (2) 891 (35٫1)
المصدر: MeteoSchweiz [7] 8 May 2009


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مراجع

  1. ^ "Bevölkerungsstatistik: Vorläufige Ergebnisse 31. Dezember 2019" (PDF). Llv.li. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
  2. ^ Estimate from World Gazetteer accessed 18 May 2009
  3. ^ Sele, David (12 November 2024). "FBP Vaduz präsentiert Promi-Ticket für Landtagswahlen 2025". Liechtensteiner Vaterland (in الألمانية). Retrieved 14 November 2024.
  4. ^ أ ب ت Mayr, Ulrike; Sele, Patrick (31 December 2011). "Vaduz (Gemeinde)". Historisches Lexikon des Fürstentums Liechtenstein (in الألمانية). Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  5. ^ "AROUND THE WORLD; Liechtenstein Women Win Right to Vote". The New York Times. 2 July 1984. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
  6. ^ Sele, David (25 August 2024). "Vaduz hat einen neuen Bürgermeister". Liechtensteiner Vaterland. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
  7. ^ "Temperature and Precipitation Average Values-Table, 1961–90" (in German, French, and Italian). Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss. Retrieved 8 May 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

روابط خارجية

قالب:Vaduz navboxقالب:Municipalities Liechtenstein

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