الشرق الأقصى

بلدان الشرق الأقصى
بلدان الشرق الأقصى
	موقع الشرق الأقصى; تعبير ضيق، مع استبعاد جنوب آسيا والصين الغربية
Chinese name
الصينية التقليدية	遠東
الصينية المبسطة	远东
المعنى الحرفي	Far East
Hanyu Pinyin
النسخ
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Yuǎn Dōng
Tongyong Pinyin	Yuǎn Dōng
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping	Yuen5 Dong1
Burmese name
Burmese	အရှေ့ဖျား ဒေသ ; IPA: [ʔəʃḛbjá dèθa̰]
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese alphabet	Viễn Đông
Chữ Nôm	遠東 (Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary)
Thai name
Thai	ตะวันออกไกล ; Tawan-oak klai
Korean name
هانگول	극동
هان‌چا	極東
Revised Romanization
النسخ
Revised Romanization	Geuk Dong
McCune–Reischauer	Kŭk Tong
Japanese name
كانجي	極東
كاتاكانا	キョクトウ
الرومنة
النسخ
الرومنة	Kyoku Tō
ملايو name
ملايو	Timur Jauh
إندونيسية name
إندونيسية	Timur Jauh
Filipino name
تگالوگ	Silanganan (poetic); Malayong Silangan (literal)
برتغالية name
برتغالية	Extremo Oriente
Russian name
Russian	Дальний Восток

الشرق الأقصى Far East، هو مصطلح جغرافي وسياسي شاع استخدامه في أجزاء العالم المختلفة، كتسمية قصد منها، حينما أطلقت مع مصطلحي الشرق الأدنى والشرق الأوسط، تقسيم مناطق الشرق إلى أقسام حسب البعد والقرب من أوربا، وفي الواقع فإن معظم المناطق التي يشملها هذا القسم الكبير والهام من الأقسام الثلاثة، والذي سمي بالشرق الأقصى، موجودة في شرقي القارة الآسيوية، أكبر القارات، وعلى الأطراف الغربية للمحيط الهادئ، والشمالية للمحيط الهندي، أي في أقصى الشرق بالنسبة لخريطة العالم القديم بصفة خاصة. ^[1].

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

مناطق وبلدان الشرق الأقصى

اسمالمنطقة^[2] and territory, with flag	المساحة (كم²)	السكان (تقديرات 2008)	الكثافة السكانية (لكل كم²)	العاصمة	الحكومة	العملة	اللغات الرسمية
شرق آسيا
الصين^[3]	9,598,094^[4]	1,299,381,888^[5]	161.0	بكين	Single-party state, Socialist republic	يوان	Mandarin (see Languages of China)
هونگ كونگ ^[6]	1,104	6,985,200	6,352.0	Victoria City	One country, two systems	Hong Kong dollar	Cantonese, الإنگليزية
اليابان	377,873	127,433,494	337.0	طوكيو	Parliamentary democracy, Constitutional monarchy	ين	None Japanese as de facto
مكاو ^[7]	28.6	520,400	17,310.0	مكاو	One country, two systems	Macanese pataca	Cantonese, Portuguese
منغوليا	1,564,116	2,951,786	1.7	Ulaanbaatar	Parliamentary republic	Tögrög	Mongolian
كوريا الشمالية	120,540	23,301,725	190.0	Pyongyang	Juche, Socialist Republic	North Korean won	Korean
كوريا الجنوبية	100,032	49,044,790	493.0	Seoul	Presidential republic	Won	Korean
تايوان^[8]	36,188	22,911,292	633.12	Taipei	Semi-presidential system	New Taiwan dollar	Mandarin with large use of Taiwanese
Southeast Asia
بروناي	5,765	381,371	66.0	Bandar Seri Begawan	Absolute Islamic Sultanate	Brunei dollar	Malay, Bruneian
كمبوديا	181,035	14,241,640	78.0	Phnom Penh	Constitutional monarchy	Riel	Khmer
تيمور الشرقية^[9]	15,410	1,115,000	64.0	Dili	Parliamentary republic	U.S. Dollar / Centavo coins	Tetum and Portuguese
إندونيسيا^[10]	1,419,588	237,512,355	159.9	Jakarta	Presidential republic	Rupiah	Indonesian
لاوس	236,800	6,521,998	25.0	Vientiane	Socialist Republic	Kip	Lao
ماليزيا	329,847	27,730,000	83.0	Kuala Lumpur	Federal constitutional monarchy, Parliamentary democracy	Ringgit	Malay
ميانمار	676,578	55,390,000	75.0	Naypyidaw	Military junta	Kyat	Burmese
پاپوا غينيا الجديدة	462,840	6,732,000	14.5	Port Morseby	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy	Kina	Hiri Motu, Tok Pisin, and الإنگليزية
الفلپين	300,000	90,500,000	295.0	مانيلا	Unitary presidential constitutional republic	پيسو	Filipino and الإنگليزية
سنغافورة	707.1	4,588,600	6,489.0	سنغافورة	جمهورية برلمانية	دولار سنغافوري	Malay, الإنگليزية, Mandarin, and Tamil
تايلند	513,115	63,038,247	122.0	بانكوك	Parliamentary democracy, Constitutional monarchy	Baht	التايلاندية
ڤيتنام	331,690	86,116,559	253.0	هانوي	جمهورية اشتراكية	đồng	Vietnamese
شمال آسيا
Russian Far East (روسيا)^[11]	6,215,900^[12]	6,692,865^[12]	3.0	موسكو	جمهورية فدرالية شبه رئاسية	روبل	Russian and 27 other co-official languages

مدن

انظر أيضا

الهوامش

^ الموسوعة العربية
^ Continental regions as per UN categorisations (map), except 12. Depending on definitions, various territories cited below (notes 6, 11-13, 15, 17-19, 21-23) may be in one or both of Asia and Europe, Africa, or Oceania.
^ The state is commonly known as simply "China", which is subsumed by the eponymous entity and civilisation (China). Figures given are for mainland China only, and do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.
^ Includes PRC-administered area (Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract, both territories claimed by الهند).
^ Information listed is for mainland China only. The Special Administrative Regions of the PRC (Hong Kong and Macau), the island territories under the control of the Republic of China (which includes the islands of Taiwan, Kinmen, and Matsu) and also the regions of (Tibet and Xinjiang are excluded).
^ Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC.
^ Macau is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC.
^ Figures are for the area under the de facto control of the Republic of China (ROC) government, commonly referred to as Taiwan. Claimed in whole by the PRC; see political status of Taiwan.
^ East Timor is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania.
^ Indonesia is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania; figures do not include Irian Jaya and Maluku Islands, frequently reckoned in Oceania (Melanesia/Australasia).
^ روسيا is generally considered a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe (UN region) and Northern Asia; population and area figures are for Asian portion only.
^ ^أ ^ب Only includes the area of Far Eastern Federal District.

المصادر

Ankerl, Guy (2000). Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western. Geneva: INU Press. ISBN 2-88155-004-5.
Whitaker, Brian (February 23, 2004). "From Turkey to Tibet". The Guardian.

[1] الموسوعة العربية

[2] Continental regions as per UN categorisations (map), except 12. Depending on definitions, various territories cited below (notes 6, 11-13, 15, 17-19, 21-23) may be in one or both of Asia and Europe, Africa, or Oceania.

[3] The state is commonly known as simply "China", which is subsumed by the eponymous entity and civilisation (China). Figures given are for mainland China only, and do not include Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

[4] Includes PRC-administered area (Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract, both territories claimed by الهند).

[5] Information listed is for mainland China only. The Special Administrative Regions of the PRC (Hong Kong and Macau), the island territories under the control of the Republic of China (which includes the islands of Taiwan, Kinmen, and Matsu) and also the regions of (Tibet and Xinjiang are excluded).

[6] Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC.

[7] Macau is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC.

[8] Figures are for the area under the de facto control of the Republic of China (ROC) government, commonly referred to as Taiwan. Claimed in whole by the PRC; see political status of Taiwan.

[9] East Timor is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania.

[10] Indonesia is often considered a transcontinental country in Southeastern Asia and Oceania; figures do not include Irian Jaya and Maluku Islands, frequently reckoned in Oceania (Melanesia/Australasia).

[11] روسيا is generally considered a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe (UN region) and Northern Asia; population and area figures are for Asian portion only.

[ReferenceA-12] أ ^ب Only includes the area of Far Eastern Federal District.

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