محافظة موغلا

Coordinates: 37°01′49″N 28°30′23″E / 37.03028°N 28.50639°E / 37.03028; 28.50639
هذا المقال هو عن المحافظة التركية. إذا كنت تريد المدينة في تركيا، انظر موغلا.
محافظة موغلا
Muğla ili
تجمع سكاني
مع عقارب الساعة من أعلى: Aerial view of Mugla, Marmaris Marina, Halicarnassus Theatre, Butterfly Valley, Bodrum Castle, Amyntas Rock Tombs, Ölüdeniz Beach
درع محافظة موغلا
Coat of arms
Location of the province within Turkey
Location of the province within Turkey
البلدتركيا
المقرموغلا
الحكومة
المساحة
12٬654 كم² (4٬886 ميل²)
التعداد
 (2022)[1]
1٬048٬185
 • الكثافة83/km2 (210/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتTRT (UTC+3)
Area code0252
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.mugla.bel.tr
www.mugla.gov.tr

محافظة موغلا (تركية: Muğla ili)، هي إحدى محافظات تركيا. عاصمتها مدينة موغلا تبلغ مساحتها 12,716 كم2 ويبلغ عدد سكانها 715,328 نسمة كما يبلغ معدل الكثافة السكانية 56/كم2 تقع في جنوب غرب تركيا. Its seat is Muğla, about 20 km (12 mi) inland, while some of Turkey's largest holiday resorts, such as Bodrum, Ölüdeniz, Marmaris and Fethiye, are on the coast in Muğla.

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الجغرافيا

At 1,100 km (680 mi), Muğla's coastline is the longest among the Provinces of Turkey and longer than many countries' coastlines, (even without taking any small islands into account). Important is the Datça Peninsula. As well as the sea, Muğla has two large lakes, Lake Bafa in the district of Milas and Lake Köyceğiz. The landscape consists of pot-shaped small plains surrounded by mountains, formed by depressions in the Neogene. These include the plain of the city of Muğla itself, Yeşilyurt, Ula, Gülağzı, Yerkesik, Akkaya, Çamköy (tr) and Yenice). Until the recent building of highways, transport from these plains to either the coast or inland was quite arduous, and thus each locality remained an isolated culture of its own. Contact with the outside world was through one of the three difficult passes: northwest to Milas, north to the Menderes plain through Gökbel, or northeast to Tavas.[بحاجة لمصدر]


البيئة

Despite court decisions upheld by the ECHR,[2] اعتبارا من 2020, Yatağan, Yeniköy and Kemerköy coal-fired power stations continue to pollute.[3]

النقل

Yalikavak Marina

The following are aspects about transportation in Muğla province:

التاريخ

In ancient times in Anatolia, the region between the Menderes (Meander) and Dalaman (Indus) rivers in the south was called Caria. The inhabitants were Carians and Leleges. In his Iliad, Homer describes the Carians as natives of Anatolia, defending their country against Greeks in joint campaigns in collaboration with the Trojans.[بحاجة لمصدر]

A major city of ancient Caria, Muğla is known to have been occupied by raiding parties of Egyptians, Assyrians and Scythians, until eventually the area was settled by Ancient Greek colonists. The Greeks inhabited this coast for a long time building prominent cities, such as Knidos (at the end of the Datça Peninsula) and Bodrum (Halicarnassos), as well as many smaller towns along the coast, on the Bodrum Peninsula and inland, including in the district of Fethiye the cities of Telmessos, Xanthos, Patara and Tlos. Eventually the coast was conquered by Persians who were in turn removed by Alexander the Great, bringing an end to the satrapy of Caria.[بحاجة لمصدر]

In 1261, Menteshe Bey, founder of the Beylik (principality) that carried his name, with its capital in Milas and nearby Beçin, established his rule over the region of Muğla as well. The beys of Menteshe held the city until 1390 and this, the first Turkish state in the region, achieved a high level of cultural development, its buildings remaining to this day. The province also became a significant naval power, trading with the Aegean Islands, Crete and as far as Venice and Egypt. Turkish settlement during the Menteshe period usually took place through migrations along the Kütahya-Tavas axis.[بحاجة لمصدر]

In 1390, Muğla was taken over by the Ottoman Empire. However, just twelve years later, Tamerlane and his forces defeated the Ottomans in the Battle of Ankara, and returned control of the region to its former rulers, the Menteshe Beys, as he did for other Anatolian beyliks. Muğla was brought back under Ottoman control by Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror, in 1451. One of the most important events in the area during the Ottoman period was the well-recorded campaign of Suleiman the Magnificent against Rhodes, which was launched from Marmaris.[بحاجة لمصدر]

الآثار

With this long history Muğla is rich in ancient ruins, with over 100 excavated sites including the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Letoon, near Fethiye.

In 2018, archaeologists unearthed a 2,300-year-old rock sepulchre of an ancient Greek boxer called Diagoras of Rhodes on a hill in the Turgut village, Muğla province, Marmaris. This unusual pyramid tomb was considered to belong to a holy person by the local people. The shrine, used as a pilgrimage by locals until the 1970s, also has the potential to be the only pyramid grave in Turkey. Excavation team also discovered an inscription with these words: “I will be vigilant at the very top so as to ensure that no coward can come and destroy this grave".[4][5][6][7][8][9]

In July 2021, archaeologists led by Abuzer Kızıl have announced the discovery of two 2,500-year-old marble statues and an inscription during excavations at the Temple of Zeus Lepsynos in Euromus. According to Abuzer Kızıl, one of the statues was naked while other was wearing armor made of leather and a short skirt. Both of the statues were depicted with a lion in their hands.[10][11][12]

معرض صور

أشهر أبنائها

من مشاهير أبناء محافظة موغلا:

المقاطعات

تنقسم محافظة موغلا إلى 12 مقاطعة (المقاطعة العاصمة بالخط العريض):

الهامش

  1. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة tuik
  2. ^ "CASE OF OKYAY AND OTHERS v. TURKEY" (PDF).
  3. ^ Başkanı, M. M. O.; ki, Termik Santraller İle İlgili Bir Basın Açıklaması Yaptı-Kararara Haber – Güncel Hukuk Haberleri dedi (2020-01-24). "MMO Başkanı, Termik Santraller İle İlgili Bir Basın Açıklaması Yaptı". Enerji Portalı (in التركية). Retrieved 2020-02-10.
  4. ^ Smith, John. "Turkey 'Shrine' Turns Out to be Tomb of Ancient Greek Boxer | Greek Reporter Europe" (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  5. ^ "Yıllarca türbe sanıldı; mozole çıktı". www.trthaber.com. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  6. ^ "Shrine in Turkey uncovered as tomb of ancient Greek boxer | Neos Kosmos". English Edition (in الإنجليزية). 2018-05-22. Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  7. ^ TM. "Previous holy site in Turkey's Marmaris revealed to be tomb of Greek boxer - Turkish Minute" (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  8. ^ Team, G. C. T. (23 May 2018). "2,300 year old shrine in Turkey turns out to be tomb of ancient Greek Boxer Diagoras". Greek City Times (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  9. ^ "Aegean villagers mistook Greek boxer's tomb for Islamic holy site, archaeologists discover". Ahval (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-09-02.
  10. ^ "2,500-year-old statues, inscription unearthed in western Turkey". Hürriyet Daily News (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-08-31.
  11. ^ "2,500-year-old statues, inscription unearthed in western Turkey". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
  12. ^ Gershon, Livia. "Archaeologists in Turkey Unearth 2,500-Year-Old Temple of Aphrodite". Smithsonian Magazine (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-08-31.

37°01′49″N 28°30′23″E / 37.03028°N 28.50639°E / 37.03028; 28.50639

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