أوش، فرنسا

Coordinates: 43°38′47″N 0°35′08″E / 43.6465°N 0.5855°E / 43.6465; 0.5855
Auch
عاصمة إقليم و كومونة
Cathedral
Cathedral
درع Auch
Coat of arms
Location of Auch
Auch is located in فرنسا
Auch
Auch
Auch is located in أوكسيتانيا
Auch
Auch
الإحداثيات: 43°38′47″N 0°35′08″E / 43.6465°N 0.5855°E / 43.6465; 0.5855
البلدفرنسا
المنطقةأوكسيتاني
الإقليمGers
الدائرةAuch
الكانتونAuch-1, Auch-2, Auch-3
بين‌التجمعاتCA Grand Auch Cœur Gascogne
الحكومة
 • العمدة (2017-2020) Christian Laprébende
المساحة
1
72٫48 كم² (27٫98 ميل²)
التعداد
 (2016)
21٬618
 • الكثافة300/km2 (770/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/الرمز البريدي
32013 /32000
المنسوب115–281 m (377–922 ft)
(avg. 166 m or 545 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

أوش (Auch ؛ النطق الفرنسي: [oʃ]؛ بالگاسكونية: Aush أو Aux [awʃ]) هي كومونة في جنوب غرب فرنسا. وتقع في منطقة أوكسيتاني، وهي عاصمة إقليم جرس. أوش هي العاصمة التاريخية لـگاسكونيا.

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الجغرافيا

المكان

أوش والبلدات المحيطة بها

الهيدروگرافيا

نهر جرس ينساب خلال البلدة.

المواصلات

أوش مربوطة جيداً بالمدن والبلدات القريبة مثل آجن و تولوز و تارب عبر الطرق الوطنية.

المناخ

Climate data for أوش (1985–2010 averages, extremes 1985–الحاضر)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 20.9
(69.6) 		24.3
(75.7) 		27.8
(82.0) 		29.4
(84.9) 		33.7
(92.7) 		38.4
(101.1) 		42.0
(107.6) 		40.9
(105.6) 		38.0
(100.4) 		31.2
(88.2) 		26.5
(79.7) 		21.8
(71.2) 		42.0
(107.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.7
(49.5) 		11.6
(52.9) 		14.9
(58.8) 		17.0
(62.6) 		21.4
(70.5) 		25.0
(77.0) 		27.7
(81.9) 		27.9
(82.2) 		24.6
(76.3) 		19.8
(67.6) 		13.3
(55.9) 		10.1
(50.2) 		18.6
(65.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 5.3
(41.5) 		6.6
(43.9) 		9.2
(48.6) 		11.5
(52.7) 		15.6
(60.1) 		19.0
(66.2) 		21.3
(70.3) 		21.4
(70.5) 		18.1
(64.6) 		14.4
(57.9) 		8.8
(47.8) 		5.9
(42.6) 		13.1
(55.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.0
(33.8) 		1.6
(34.9) 		3.6
(38.5) 		6.0
(42.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		13.1
(55.6) 		15.0
(59.0) 		15.0
(59.0) 		11.6
(52.9) 		8.9
(48.0) 		4.3
(39.7) 		1.7
(35.1) 		7.7
(45.9)
Record low °C (°F) −20.0
(−4.0) 		−13.6
(7.5) 		−10.5
(13.1) 		−3.7
(25.3) 		0.5
(32.9) 		2.6
(36.7) 		7.3
(45.1) 		3.6
(38.5) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−3.5
(25.7) 		−10.5
(13.1) 		−12.4
(9.7) 		−20.0
(−4.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 56.2
(2.21) 		48.8
(1.92) 		49.7
(1.96) 		71.1
(2.80) 		68.4
(2.69) 		57.9
(2.28) 		51.9
(2.04) 		57.1
(2.25) 		54.6
(2.15) 		57.3
(2.26) 		60.2
(2.37) 		52.2
(2.06) 		685.4
(26.98)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9.6 7.6 8.4 11.1 9.5 7.7 6.0 6.5 7.5 9.1 9.4 8.7 101.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 92.4 111.0 167.6 176.6 196.8 209.8 234.6 223.6 197.2 145.2 94.5 79.4 1٬928٫6
Source: Météo France[1]

التاريخ والتعداد

انظر أيضاً: Ausci and مطرانية أوش
Historical population
YearPop.±%
17938٬444—    
18007٬696−8.9%
18068٬918+15.9%
18219٬670+8.4%
18319٬801+1.4%
184110٬867+10.9%
184612٬323+13.4%
185112٬141−1.5%
185612٬001−1.2%
186111٬899−0.8%
186612٬500+5.1%
187213٬087+4.7%
187613٬785+5.3%
188114٬186+2.9%
188615٬090+6.4%
189114٬782−2.0%
189614٬838+0.4%
190113٬939−6.1%
190613٬526−3.0%
191113٬638+0.8%
192111٬825−13.3%
192612٬272+3.8%
193112٬567+2.4%
193613٬313+5.9%
194615٬253+14.6%
195416٬382+7.4%
196218٬918+15.5%
196821٬462+13.4%
197523٬185+8.0%
198223٬258+0.3%
199023٬136−0.5%
199921٬838−5.6%
200821٬744−0.4%
201221٬960+1.0%
201521٬943−0.1%

Auch is a very ancient town, whose settlement was noted by the Romans during their conquest of the area in the 50s BC. At that time, it was settled by an Aquitanian tribe known to the Romans as the Ausci. Their name for the town was Climberrum[2] or Elimberris.[3] This has been tentatively etymologized from the Iberian iltir ("town, oppidum") and a cognate of the Basque berri ("new"), although another Iberian settlement in Granada recorded by the Romans as "Iliberi" probably had no contact with proto-Basque speaking peoples.[بحاجة لمصدر] Following their conquest,[when?] the Romans renamed the town Augusta Auscorum or Ausciorum ("Augusta of the Ausci"). Augusta Auscorum was one of the twelve civitates of the province of Novempopulana (Gascony) and became the provincial capital after the 409 destruction of Eauze by the Vandals.

The common term Augusta was eventually[when?] dropped and the name evolved into the modern Gascon Aush and French Auch.

The town became the seat of a Catholic archdiocese which lasted until the French Revolution. Its archbishops claimed the title of Primate of Aquitaine, Novempopulana, and Navarre.


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معالم

Auch is known for its Renaissance Cathédrale Sainte-Marie with its magnificent organ, carved stalls and rose stained-glass windows, La Tour d'Armagnac – a 14th-century prison, as well as a statue of d'Artagnan who was based on the real life person, Charles de Batz, Comte d'Artagnan born nearby in the château de Castelmore, and written about by Alexandre Dumas.

أبرز الأشخاص

Auch was the birthplace of:

في الأدب

Auch is a location briefly mentioned in the M.R. James short ghost story Canon Alberic's Scrap-Book published in Ghost Stories of an Antiquary in 1904.

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ "Auch (32)" (PDF). Fiche Climatologique: Statistiques 1981–2010 et records (in French). Meteo France. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  2. ^ "Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878). "Auch" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (9th ed.). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 67.
  3. ^  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Auch" . دائرة المعارف البريطانية. Vol. 2 (eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 892–893. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Gers communes

الكلمات الدالة:
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