قائمة الجسور في الصين
This list of bridges in China includes notable bridges. China has a long history in bridge construction. The oldest bridge still in existence in China is the Anji Bridge, constructed during the years between 595 and 605.
During the infrastructure boom of the past two decades, bridge-building has proceeded at a rapid pace on a vast scale. Prior to the completion of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge in 1957, there were no bridges across the Yangtze River, China's longest, from Yibin to Shanghai, and all overland roads and railways crossing this 2,884 km (1,792 mi.) stretch of the river had to be ferried. There were only seven such bridges in 1992, but that number reached 73 by the end of 2012, including eight new openings in that year alone.
China has been pushing the boundaries of bridge construction with many record breaking bridges, including:
- The Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge, the world's longest bridge measuring over 164 kilometres (102 mi).[1]
- The Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge in Wuhan, the third-longest suspension bridge span.
- The Hutong Yangtze River Bridge in Jiangsu province, the second-longest cable-stayed span.
- The Duge Bridge, the highest bridge in the world.[2]
- The Pingnan Third Bridge, the longest arch bridge span.[3]
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الجسور ذات الأهمية التاريخية والمعمارية
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Major road and railway bridges
This table presents the structures with spans greater than 1000 meters (non-exhaustive list).
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List of bridges by province
Dedicated lists already exist for the following provinces : Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Anhui
- Anqing Bridge
- Anqing Railway Bridge
- Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge
- Taipinghu Bridge
- Tongling Bridge
- Wuhu Yangtze River Bridge
Beijing
- Baliqiao
- Beijing Grand Bridge
- Gao Liangqiao
- Jade Belt Bridge
- Marco Polo Bridge
- Sanyuan Bridge
- Shifeng Bridge
Gansu
Guangxi
- Chengyang Bridge
- Hongguang Bridge
- Ling-Tie Bridge
- Liujing Yujiang Bridge
- Sanan Yongjiang Bridge
- Wenhui Bridge
- Yonghe Bridge (Nanning)
- Yongjiang Bridge
- Yongjiang Railway Bridge under construction
Hainan
- Dinghai Bridge, an arch bridge of the Nandu River built in 2017
- Haikou Century Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge in Haikou city, crossing the mouth of the Haidian River, it links the main part of Haikou city to Haidian Island
- Haikou New East Bridge, an arch bridge over the Nandu River connecting Xinbu Island at the west to Dongying Town and the rest of the province at the east
- Nandu River Iron Bridge, a partially collapsed, steel truss bridge over the Nandu River
- Qinglan Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge in Wenchang. It is considered the most earthquake-resistant bridge in China being able to handle one at a magnitude of 8.5 on the Richter scale.[89]
- Puqian Bridge, an under-construction bridge in the northeast part of Hainan, over the entrance to Dongzhai Harbor
- Qiongzhou Bridge, crossing the Nandu River, it serves as the main bridge from Haikou city to Haikou Meilan International Airport
Hebei
Heilongjiang
Henan
- Xuguo Bridge
Hunan
- Aizhai Bridge
- Akaishi Bridge under construction
- Dongting Lake Bridge
- Fuyuan Road Bridge[90][91]
- Lianxiang Bridge
- Lishui River Bridge
- Jingyue Bridge
- Maocaojie Bridge
- Sanchaji Bridge
- Wangchui Bridge
- Wangcun Bridge
- Zhangjiajie Glass Bridge
- Lucky Knot Bridge
Inner Mongolia
- Baotou Yellow River Bridge
Jiangxi
- Dongjin Bridge
- Jiujiang Bridge
- Jiujiang Fuyin Expressway Bridge
- Poyang Lake Bridge
- Shengmi Bridge
Jilin
- Changbai–Hyesan International Bridge
- Ji'an Yalu River Border Railway Bridge
- Lanqi Bridge
- Linjiang Yalu River Bridge
- Tumen Border Bridge
- Tumen River Bridge
Liaoning
- Fumin Bridge
- Liaohe Bridge
- Moon Island Bridge
- New Yalu River Bridge
- Sino–Korean Friendship Bridge
Ningxia
- Taole Yellow River Expressway Bridge
Qinghai
- Tuotuo River Bridge
Shaanxi
- Luohe River Bridge
- Weinan Weihe Grand Bridge
Shandong
- Binzhou Yellow River Bridge
- Luokou Yellow River Railway Bridge
- Jiaozhou Bay Bridge
- Jinan Third Bridge
- Jinan Yellow River Bridge
- Weiliu Bridge
Shanghai
- Chonghai Bridge
- Chongqi Bridge
- Donghai Bridge
- Lupu Bridge
- Minpu Bridge
- Nanpu Bridge
- Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge
- Waibaidu Bridge
- Xupu Bridge
- Yangpu Bridge
Shanxi
Tianjin
- Dagu Bridge
- Tianjin Eye
- Yonghe Bridge (Tianjin)
Tibet
- Chushul Chakzam
- Dazi Bridge
- Jiaolongba Bridge
- Sino-Nepal Friendship Bridge
- Tongmai Bridge
Xinjiang
Yunnan
- Duge Bridge
- Honghe Bridge
- Lancang River Railway Bridge under construction
- Liupanshui Bridge
- Longjiang Bridge under construction
- Nanpanjiang Bridge
- Puli Bridge
- Qiubei Nanpanjiang River Bridge under construction
- Jin'an Bridge under construction
Macau
Notes and references
- Notes
- ^ This title strictly applies only to the sum of attributes given (O’Connor, Colin: Roman Bridges, Cambridge University Press 1993, ISBN 0-521-39326-4, p.171): Various Roman stone pillar bridges featured wooden open-spandrel segmental arches as early as the 2nd century CE, among them Trajan's bridge, the longest bridge of the world to have been built for over a thousand years. Also, a dozen or more Roman close-spandrel stone segmental arch bridges are known from the 1st century BC onwards, such as the Ponte San Lorenzo (Padua), Alconétar Bridge and the Makestos Bridge (Turkey), the last having half-open spandrels. The 27 segmental arches of the Bridge at Limyra (300 ce) feature span to rise ratios between 5.3 and 6.5 to 1, making it an earlier example of a stone quarter circle segmental arch bridge. This leaves the Anji bridge the title of "the oldest open-spandrel stone quarter circle segmental arch bridge in the world".
- ^ The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is a mixed road / rail bridge which has a common part over the Yangtze, the two tracks branch off on either side of the central structure. The road section measures a total of 4,588 meters, the rail section 6,772 meters and the main truss structure 1,576 meters.[26]
- ^ The length given only takes into account the main bridge, central span(s) and shore span(s), approach viaducts are not counted.
- Nicolas Janberg. "International Database for Civil and Structural Engineering". Structurae.com.
- ^ "Anji Bridge".
- ^ "Luoyang Bridge".
- ^ "Anping Bridge".
- ^ "Marco Polo Bridge".
- ^ "Precious Belt Bridge".
- ^ "Fang Sheng Bridge".
- ^ "Luding Iron-Chain Bridge".
- ^ "Jade Belt Bridge".
- ^ "Seventeen Arches Bridge".
- ^ "Nami-Ti Railway Bridge".
- ^ "Broken Bridge".
- ^ "Chengyang Bridge".
- ^ "Qiantang River Bridge".
- ^ "Sino-Korea Friendship Bridge".
- ^ "Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge".
- ^ "Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge".
- ^ "Yangsigang Bridge".
- ^ "Nansha Bridge (East)".
- ^ "Xihoumen Bridge".
- ^ "Runyang Yangtze River Highway Project".
- ^ "Hangrui Expressway Dongting Lake Bridge".
- ^ "Fourth Nanjing Yangtze Bridge".
- ^ "Jin'an Bridge".
- ^ "Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge".
- ^ "Tsing Ma Bridge".
- ^ "Yangluo Bridge".
- ^ "Nansha Bridge (West)".
- ^ "Longjiang Bridge".
- ^ "Aizhai Suspension Bridge".
- ^ "Qingshui River Bridge".
- ^ "Huangpu Bridge".
- ^ "Hutong Yangtze River Bridge".
- ^ "Sutong Bridge".
- ^ "Balinghe Bridge".
- ^ "Taizhou Bridge".
- ^ "Ma'anshan Bridge".
- ^ "Stonecutters Bridge".
- Others references
- ^ "Longest bridge : Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge". Guinness World Records. June 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ^ "Highest bridge : Beipanjiang Bridge (Duge Bridge)". Guinness World Records. 29 December 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ^ "Longest span arch bridge : Pingnan Third Bridge". Guinness World Records. 28 December 2020. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
- ^ "Zhaozhou Bridge". chinaculture.org. Archived from the original on 23 November 2008.
- ^ "Convention concernant la protection du patrimoine mondial, culturel et naturel" (PDF). Whc.unesco.org (in الفرنسية). Paris: UNESCO. 30 June 2003. p. 10.
- ^ "洛阳桥" [Luoyang Bridge]. Qzworldemporium.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ أ ب "Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China". Whc.unesco.org.
- ^ "龙江桥" [Longjiang Bridge]. Fzcuo.com - Fuzhou Architecture Heritage (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ Yisheng Mao, 1978, p.6
- ^ G. Knapp, 1993
- ^ "Anping Bridge (Five Li Bridge)". Chinaculture.org. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012.
- ^ "Marco Polo Bridge (Lugouqiao)". China.org.cn. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "Marco Polo Bridge (Lugou Bridge)". Travelchinaguide.com. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ Lu, Ning; Wang, Qi; Wang, Shuai; Zhang, Rong (August 2015). "The Application of 3D Laser Scanning in the Survey and Measuring of Guyue Bridge of Song Dynasty in Yiwu City". ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 25th International CIPA Symposium. II5: 185–190. Bibcode:2015ISPAn.II5..185L. doi:10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-W3-185-2015.
- ^ Gerner, 2007, p.86-93
- ^ "广济桥" [Guangji Bridge]. Chaozhou.gov.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "Guangji Bridge". Chinaculture.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
- ^ "Baodai (Precious Belt) Bridge". China.org.cn. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ Yang, Chen, Gao, 2007, p.174
- ^ Yang, Chen, Gao, 2007, p.175
- ^ "Fangsheng Bridge". Museum.shqp.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
- ^ أ ب ت "Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing". Whc.unesco.org.
- ^ "建水双龙桥" [Jianshui Shuanglong Bridge]. Cnbridge.cn (in الصينية). Archived from the original on 8 June 2019.
- ^ Rang-Ri Park-Barjot (2005). Presses Paris Sorbonne (ed.). La société de construction des Batignolles: Des origines à la première guerre mondiale, 1846-1914 (in الفرنسية). Presses Paris Sorbonne. p. 269. ISBN 2-84050-389-1.
- ^ "广西三江程阳风雨桥（图文）" [Guangxi Sanjiang Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge (graphics)]. China.com.cn (in الصينية). Archived from the original on 22 December 2015.
- ^ أ ب 李翔 (1 February 2009). "《共和国记忆60年》节选：曾经载入吉尼斯世界纪录的南京长江大桥" [Excerpt from "60 Years of Memory of the Republic": Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge once recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records] (PDF). Kb.dsqq.cn (in الصينية). 现代快报. p. A12. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 February 2014.
- ^ "黄山步仙桥：幽谷群峰苍松翠 暮烟落日危崖红" [Huangshan Buxian Bridge: the valleys, peaks, green pines, twilight and sunset, red cliffs]. Limikezhan.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "Mount Huangshan". Whc.unesco.org.
- ^ "湖南乌巢河桥" [Hunan Wuchao River Bridge]. Cnbridge.cn (in الصينية). Archived from the original on 11 April 2016.
- ^ أ ب "省发展改革委关于张靖皋长江大桥（张皋过江通道）工程初步设计的批复" [Reply of the Provincial Development and Reform Commission on the preliminary design of the Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge (Zhanggao River Crossing Channel) Project]. Fzggw.jiangsu.gov.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ أ ب "张靖皋长江大桥全面开工" [Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge is fully under construction]. Nantong.gov.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "开局就是决战，燕矶长江大桥冲刺年内主塔承台建成" [The start is a decisive battle, and the main tower cap of the Yanji Yangtze River Bridge will be completed during the sprint]. M.yunnan.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "宁波舟山港六横公路大桥二期开建" [Ningbo Zhoushan Port Liuheng Highway Bridge Phase II Construction Begins]. Mot.gov.cn - Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "南京仙新路长江大桥最新进展：50吨重"大秤砣"出土！" [The latest progress of Nanjing Xianxin Road Yangtze River Bridge: 50-ton "big scale" unearthed!]. Yangtse.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "世界跨度最大双层悬索桥杨泗港长江大桥通车" [Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge, the world's largest double-deck suspension bridge, opens to traffic]. Chinahighway.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "走进超级工程深中通道，感受湾区发展澎湃动力" [Step into the deep-medium channel of the super project and feel the surging power of the development of the Bay Area]. News.southcn.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Song, Hui; Ding, Dajun; Virola, Juhani (2005). "The Xihoumen Bridge - world's 2nd longest span suspension bridge" (PDF). RIA 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2016.
- ^ أ ب "今天，凉山3条高速公路开工！" [Today, the construction of 3 expressways in Liangshan started!]. Sohu.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "泸沽湖特大桥（原卧罗河特大桥" [Lugu Lake Super Bridge (formerly Woluo River Super Bridge)]. Scxxgs.com - Sichuan Xixiang Expressway Construction and Development Co., Ltd (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "好消息！云南这些高速公路项目启动建设" [Good news! Construction of these expressway projects in Yunnan starts]. Sohu.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "期待通车！云南省巍山至凤庆高速公路正式开建，总投资213.58亿" [Looking forward to opening! The construction of the Weishan-Fengqing Expressway in Yunnan Province officially started with a total investment of 21.358 billion yuan]. Seetao.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "看巨大"秤砣"！ 它稳了龙潭长江大桥就稳了" [Look at the huge "scale weight"! It will stabilize the Longtan Yangtze River Bridge]. Yangtse.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "古宁高速大东金沙江特大桥进场道路正式动工" [The construction of the access road of the Dadong Jinsha River Bridge on the Guning Expressway officially started]. Yjlq.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "建设简介" [Construction Profile]. Rybridge.com (in الصينية). Archived from the original on 3 February 2014.
- ^ "西堠门公铁大桥,西堠门大桥" [Xihoumen Railway Bridge, Xihoumen Bridge]. Sgss8.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "甬舟铁路西堠门公铁两用大桥正式开工" [Yongzhou-Zhou Railway Xihoumen Highway-Railway Bridge officially started]. Workercn.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "杭瑞高速洞庭湖大桥建成通车 创多项世界之最" [The Dongting Lake Bridge on the Hangrui Expressway was completed and opened to traffic, creating many world records]. Cnr.cn (in الصينية). 2 February 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "武汉新港高速公路双柳长江大桥首桩浇筑完成" [First pile pouring of Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge on Wuhan Xingang Expressway completed]. Finance.sina.com.cn (in الصينية). 13 October 2022. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "花江峡谷大桥" [Huajiang Canyon Bridge]. Gzql.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "花江峡谷大桥：建品质桥梁 绘美好前景" [Huajiang Gorge Bridge: Build quality bridges and paint a bright future]. Ddcpc.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Cui, Bing; Zhang, Dengjing; Virola, Juhani; Ding, Dajun (2009). "The 4th Nanjing Bridge – great suspension bridge in China" (PDF). RIA 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 March 2016.
- ^ "中国十九冶建设世界第一深切峡谷悬索桥澜沧江特大桥" [China's 19th Metallurgical Construction Construction of the World's First Deep-cut Canyon Suspension Bridge Lancang River Bridge] (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "金安金沙江大桥" [Jin'an Jinsha River Bridge]. Ynglsj.com (in الصينية). Archived from the original on 25 February 2021.
- ^ "江阴长江大桥" [Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge]. Chodai.co.jp (in الصينية). Archived from the original on 1 November 2007.
- ^ "Lantau Link+". Info.gov.hk. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Xu, Guoping; Deng, Hai; Liu, Minghu; Virola, Juhani (2005). "The Yangluo Bridge – a large suspension bridge under construction in Wuhan, China" (PDF). RIA 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2016.
- ^ "贵州六盘水：PPP补短板 激发市场活力" [Liupanshui, Guizhou: PPP makes up for shortcomings and stimulates market vitality]. Cpppf.org (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "五一假期不停工 重庆云阳县重点项目"不打烊"" [No work on the May 1st holiday, key projects in Yunyang County, Chongqing "do not close"]. Cq.china.com.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "奋战习古高速赤水河大桥" [Fighting for the Chishui River Bridge on the Xigu Expressway]. Sc.gov.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "雅砻江特大桥" [Yalong River Bridge]. Scxxgs.com - Sichuan Xixiang Expressway Construction and Development Co., Ltd (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "四川凉山三条高速集中开工 西香高速建成后成都自驾7小时可到泸沽湖" [Three high-speed expressways in Liangshan, Sichuan start construction. After the completion of Xixiang Expressway, Chengdu can drive to Lugu Lake in 7 hours]. Sc.sina.com.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Yinbo, Liu (May 2013). "The Construction of a 1,176 Meter Long Aizhai Suspension Bridge" (PDF). Ictpa.org. 26 th ICTPA Annual Meeting, Tampa, FL. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 August 2014.
- ^ 秦顺全 (July 2019). "超大跨度斜拉桥结构及体系研究" [Study on structure and system of super-span cable-stayed bridge] (PDF). Mysf.sino-web.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "宜昌市伍家岗长江大桥7月30日正式通车" [Yichang Wujiagang Yangtze River Bridge officially opened to traffic on July 30]. China.cnr.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "Two Yangtze River Bridges in Hubei officially started". Seetao.com. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "清水河大桥" [Qingshui River Bridge]. Transport.ckcest.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ "巢马城际铁路马鞍山公铁两用长江大桥主桥首个主桥墩钻孔桩全部完成" [The bored piles of the first main pier of the main bridge of the Ma'anshan Highway and Railway Dual-purpose Yangtze River Bridge of Chaoma Intercity Railway have been completed]. Chinanews.com.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "荆州李埠长江公铁大桥，开工时间或许有变化，但实质影响比较小" [The construction time of the Libu Yangtze River Highway and Railway Bridge in Jingzhou may change, but the actual impact is relatively small]. New.qq.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Virola, Juhani. "The Huangpu Great Bridge - Unique Suspension and Cable-Stayed Bridge Complex" (PDF). ACEM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016.
- ^ "泸定大渡河大桥设计背" [Luding Dadu River Bridge Design Background]. New.qq.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "泸定大渡河大桥" [Luding Dadu River Bridge]. Transport.ckcest.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 6 November 2022.
- ^ "贵州又一座世界级大桥开州湖特大桥顺利合龙" [Another world-class bridge in Guizhou, Kaizhou Lake Bridge successfully closed]. Zhuoxigroup.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "广西最长跨海大桥龙门大桥主塔顺利封顶" [The main tower of the Longmen Bridge, the longest sea-crossing bridge in Guangxi, was successfully capped]. Gxjttzjt.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Zhang, Yezhi; Li, Quan; Zhang, Xiaolong (July 2016). Research on mechanical behavior of new type box girder-truss composite welded integral joints of Hutong Yangtze river rail-cum-road bridge (PDF) (in الصينية). Jrse.cn - Journal of Railway Science and Engineering. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 February 2017.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ^ "Hutong Yangtze River Bridge". Reduper.com. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Gong, Wei-ming; Wang, Zheng-zhen; Dai, Guo-liang (February 2020). "Foundations of Yangtze River mainstream bridges in China". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering. 173: 13–24. doi:10.1680/jfoen.19.00010. ISSN 2043-9903. S2CID 225287732.
- ^ Virola, Juhani (2008). "The Balinghe Bridge in China – World's Highest Bridge" (PDF). Suara Perunding ACEM. pp. 16–17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 June 2013.
- ^ "牂牁江特大桥" [Zangkejiang Bridge]. Ddcpc.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "专访卢春房：川藏铁路面临的挑战与对策" [Interview with Lu Chunfang: Challenges and Countermeasures of Sichuan-Tibet Railway]. Cb.com.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "川藏铁路不是难于上青天，是真的要上天" [The Sichuan-Tibet Railway is not difficult to ascend to the sky, it is really necessary to ascend to the sky]. Mpcsc.org (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "G4216线金沙江特大桥与黑水河大桥" [Jinsha River Bridge and Heishui River Bridge on Line G4216]. scrbg.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ^ "《川藏铁路大渡河特大桥设计施工关键技术研究》课题研讨会在我校召开" [The seminar on "Key Technology Research on Design and Construction of Sichuan-Tibet Railway Dadu River Extra Large Bridge" was held in our school]. Civil.csu.edu.cn (in الصينية). Retrieved 3 November 2022.
- ^ "Fuma Yangtze River Bridge to put into operation in June 2017". China.org.cn. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "Hubei Qipanzhou Yangtze River Highway Bridge opened to traffic". Seetao.com. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "四川交建集团桥梁工程分公司在建项目" [Sichuan Jiaotong Construction Group Bridge Engineering Branch project under construction]. Chinahighway.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "重庆万州新田长江大桥将于今年8月建成通车" [Chongqing Wanzhou Xintian Yangtze River Bridge will be completed and opened to traffic in August this year]. Sohu.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ Falbe-Hansen, Klaus; Hauge, Lars; Hussain, Naeem. "Stonecutters Bridge – Detailed Design" (PDF). Afgc.asso.fr. Symposium 2004 – April 26–28 – Avignon, France. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "宜都长江大桥2月9日上午9时正式通车" [Yidu Yangtze River Bridge officially opened to traffic at 9:00 am on February 9]. Hbyidu.com (in الصينية). Retrieved 5 November 2022.
- ^ "Wenchang Qinglan Bridge set to open for traffic by end of Sept - What's on Sanya". Archived from the original on 2014-12-21. Retrieved 2014-11-18.
- ^ Si Maogeng (斯茅庚) (18 July 2013). 福元路湘江大桥可直来直去(图). Sohu (in الصينية). Retrieved 21 August 2020.
- ^ 福元路大桥成长沙第八座过湘江通道. Government of Changsha (in الصينية). 21 November 2012. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
See also
- Architecture of the Song dynasty
- Bridges and tunnels across the Yangtze River
- Transport in China
- China National Highways
- Expressways of China
- Rail transport in China
- Geography of China
- zh:天津海河桥梁列表 (in صينية) - List of bridges over the Haihe in Tianjin
Further reading
- Yang, Y.; Chen, B.; Gao, J. (September 2007). Timber arch bridges in China (PDF). 5th International Conference on Arch Bridges. Fuzhou University. pp. 171–178.
- Chen, B. (September 2007). An overview of concrete and CFST arch bridges in China (PDF). 5th International Conference on Arch Bridges. Fuzhou University.
- Feng, Maorun. China's Major Bridges (PDF). International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering keynote.
- Gerner, Manfred (2007). Thangtong Gyalpo: Architect, Philosopher and Iron Chain Bridge Builder (PDF). Translated by Verhufen, Gregor. Centre for Bhutan Studies. ISBN 978-99936-14-39-5.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - (in zh)'中 国 古 桥 学'. Beijing Mao Yisheng Science and Technology Education Foundation.
- Yisheng Mao (1978). Foreign Languages Press (ed.). Bridges in China, Old and New: From the Ancient Chaochow Bridge to the Modern Nanking Bridge Over the Yangtze.
- G. Knapp, Ronald (1993). Oxford University Press (ed.). Chinese Bridges. Tuttle. ISBN 0195857283.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (2014). CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group (ed.). Bridge Engineering Handbook. Second Edition.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (24 January 2014). Fundamentals. Vol. 1. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-5207-1.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (24 January 2014). Superstructure Design. Vol. 2. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-5221-7.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (24 January 2014). Substructure Design. Vol. 3. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-5219-4.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (24 January 2014). Seismic Design. Vol. 4. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-5218-7.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (24 January 2014). Construction and Maintenance. Vol. 5. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-5208-8.
- Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (2014). CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group (ed.). Handbook of International Bridge Engineering. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4398-1029-3.
- Prade, Marcel (1990). "La Chine". Les Grands Ponts du Monde : Ponts Remarquables Hors d'Europe. Art et patrimoine (in الفرنسية). Poitiers: Brissaud. p. 215. ISBN 2-902170-68-8.
- Troyano, Leonardo Fernández (2003). Bridge Engineering. A Global Perspective. London: Thomas Telford Publishing. ISBN 0-7277-3215-3.
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External links
| Find more about قائمة الجسور في الصين at Wikipedia's sister projects | |
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Media from Commons |
- "Suspension Bridges of China". bridgemeister.com.
- "Highest bridges in the world". highestbridges.com.
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