قائمة رؤساء وزراء المملكة المتحدة
رئيس وزراء المملكة المتحدة لبريطانيا العظمى وأيرلندا الشمالية | |
---|---|
حكومة المملكة المتحدة مكتب رئيس الوزراء مكتب مجلس الوزراء | |
الأسلوب |
|
الوضع | رئيس الحكومة |
عضو | |
المقر |
|
المعيـِّن | التاج |
طول المدة | At Her Majesty's Pleasure |
النائب | منصب غير ثابت، يشغله أحياناً: |
الراتب | 157.372 جنيه إسترليني سنوياً[1] (يتضمن 81.932 جنيه إسترليني كراتب لرئيس الوزراء)[2] |
الموقع الإلكتروني | 10 Downing Street |
رئيس وزراء المملكة المتحدة وأيرلندا الشمالية، هو القائد السياسي للمملكة المتحدة ورأس حكومة صاحبة الجلالة. وهو المسئول عن تعيين الأعضاء الآخرين في الحكومة، عقد جلسات مجلس الوزراء وتقرير ميعاد عقد الانتخابات الجديدة لمجلس العموم.[3][4] ورئيس الوزراء هو المسئول أيضا عن تقديم الترشيحات للمناصب العليا في كنيسة إنگلترة، وترشيح القضاة واقتراح منح لقب لورد مدى الحياة.[5]
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منذ 1721 -الحاضر
القرن 18 | القرن 19 | القرن 20 | القرن 21 |
---|
Whig (16) Tory (10) Conservative (19) Liberal (7) Labour (6) National Labour (1) Peelite (1) | العاهل (حكم) |
ملاحظات | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
صورة | رئيس الوزراء المنصب (عاش) |
مدة المنصب، الولاية [أ] الفترة بالأيام والسنوات |
مناصب وزارية أخرى بصفته رئيس للوزراء | الحزب | الحكومة | |||||
| سير Robert Walpole MP for King's Lynn (1676–1745) |
3 April 1721 |
11 February 1742 |
1722 | Whig | Walpole–Townshend | George I ح. 1714–1727 |
[6] | ||
1727 | George II ح. 1727–1760 | |||||||||
1734 | Walpole | |||||||||
1741 | ||||||||||
20 years and 315 days | ||||||||||
Spencer Compton 1st Earl of Wilmington (1673–1743) |
16 February 1742 |
2 July 1743 |
— | Carteret | [7] | |||||
1 years and 137 days[†] | ||||||||||
Henry Pelham MP for Sussex (1694–1754) |
27 August 1743 |
6 March 1754 |
— | [8] | ||||||
Broad Bottom I | ||||||||||
1747 | Broad Bottom II | |||||||||
10 years and 192 days[†] | ||||||||||
Thomas Pelham-Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle (1693–1768) |
16 March 1754 |
11 November 1756 |
1754 | Newcastle I | [9] | |||||
2 years and 241 days | ||||||||||
William Cavendish 4th Duke of Devonshire (1720–1764) |
16 November 1756 |
29 June 1757 |
— | Pitt–Devonshire | [10] | |||||
1757 Caretaker | ||||||||||
226 days | ||||||||||
Thomas Pelham-Holles 1st Duke of Newcastle (1693–1768) |
29 June 1757 |
26 May 1762 |
1761 | Pitt–Newcastle | [11] | |||||
Bute–Newcastle (Tory–Whig) |
George III ح. 1760–1820 | |||||||||
4 years and 332 days | ||||||||||
John Stuart 3rd Earl of Bute (1713–1792) |
26 May 1762 |
8 April 1763 |
— | Tory | Bute | [12] | ||||
318 days | ||||||||||
George Grenville MP for Buckingham (1712–1770) |
16 April 1763 |
10 July 1765 |
— | Whig (Grenvillite) |
Grenville (mainly Whig) |
[13] | ||||
2 years and 86 days | ||||||||||
Charles Watson-Wentworth 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (1730–1782) |
13 July 1765 |
30 July 1766 |
— | Whig (Rockinghamite) |
Rockingham I | [14] | ||||
1 years and 18 days | ||||||||||
William Pitt the Elder 1st Earl of Chatham[ب] (1708–1778) |
30 July 1766 |
14 October 1768 |
1768 | Whig (Chathamite) |
Chatham | [15] | ||||
2 years and 77 days | ||||||||||
Augustus FitzRoy 3rd Duke of Grafton (1735–1811) |
14 October 1768 |
28 January 1770 |
— | Grafton | [16] | |||||
1 years and 107 days | ||||||||||
Frederick North Lord North MP for Banbury (1732–1792) |
28 January 1770 |
27 March 1782 |
1774 | Tory (Northite) |
North | [17] | ||||
1780 | ||||||||||
12 years and 59 days | ||||||||||
Charles Watson-Wentworth 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (1730–1782) |
27 March 1782 |
1 July 1782 |
— | Whig (Rockinghamite) |
Rockingham II | [14] | ||||
97 days[†] | ||||||||||
William Petty 2nd Earl of Shelburne (1737–1805) |
4 July 1782 |
26 March 1783 |
— | Whig (Chathamite) |
Shelburne | [18] | ||||
266 days | ||||||||||
William Cavendish-Bentinck 3rd Duke of Portland (1738–1809) |
2 April 1783 |
18 December 1783 |
— | Whig | Fox–North | [19] | ||||
261 days | ||||||||||
William Pitt the Younger MP for Appleby, later Cambridge University[ت] (1759–1806) |
19 December 1783 |
14 March 1801 |
1784 | Tory (Pittite) |
Pitt I | [20] | ||||
1790 | ||||||||||
1796 | ||||||||||
17 years and 86 days | ||||||||||
Henry Addington MP for Devizes (1757–1844) |
17 March 1801 |
10 May 1804 |
1801 | Tory (Addingtonian) |
Addington | [21] | ||||
1802 | ||||||||||
3 years and 55 days | ||||||||||
William Pitt the Younger MP for Cambridge University (1759–1806) |
10 May 1804 |
23 January 1806 |
— | Tory (Pittite) |
Pitt II | [22] | ||||
1 years and 259 days[†] | ||||||||||
William Grenville 1st Baron Grenville (1759–1834) |
11 February 1806 |
25 March 1807 |
1806 | Whig | All the Talents (Whig–Tory) |
[23] | ||||
1 years and 43 days | ||||||||||
William Cavendish-Bentinck 3rd Duke of Portland (1738–1809) |
31 March 1807 |
4 October 1809 |
1807 | Tory (Pittite) |
Portland II | [24] | ||||
2 years and 188 days | ||||||||||
Spencer Perceval MP for Northampton (1762–1812) |
4 October 1809 |
11 May 1812 |
— | Perceval | [25] | |||||
2 years and 221 days[†] | ||||||||||
Robert Jenkinson 2nd Earl of Liverpool (1770–1828) |
8 June 1812 |
9 April 1827 |
1812 | Liverpool | [26] | |||||
1818 | George IV ح. 1820–1830 | |||||||||
1820 | ||||||||||
1826 | ||||||||||
14 years and 306 days | ||||||||||
George Canning MP for Seaford (1770–1827) |
12 April 1827 |
8 August 1827 |
— | Tory (Canningite) |
Canning (Canningite–Whig) |
[27] | ||||
119 days[†] | ||||||||||
F. J. Robinson 1st Viscount Goderich (1782–1859) |
31 August 1827 |
8 January 1828 |
— | Tory (Canningite) |
Goderich | [28] | ||||
131 days | ||||||||||
Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke of Wellington (1769–1852) |
22 January 1828 |
16 November 1830 |
1830 | Tory | Wellington–Peel | [29] | ||||
2 years and 299 days | William IV ح. 1830–1837 | |||||||||
Charles Grey 2nd Earl Grey (1764–1845) |
22 November 1830 |
9 July 1834 |
1831 | Whig | Grey | [30] | ||||
1832 | ||||||||||
3 years and 230 days | ||||||||||
William Lamb 2nd Viscount Melbourne (1779–1848) |
16 July 1834 |
14 November 1834 |
— | Melbourne I | [31] | |||||
122 days | ||||||||||
Arthur Wellesley 1st Duke of Wellington (1769–1852) |
17 November 1834 |
9 December 1834 |
— | Tory | Wellington Caretaker | [32] | ||||
23 days | ||||||||||
Sir Robert Peel MP for Tamworth (1788–1850) |
10 December 1834 |
8 April 1835 |
— | Conservative | Peel I | [33] | ||||
120 days | ||||||||||
William Lamb 2nd Viscount Melbourne (1779–1848) |
18 April 1835 |
30 August 1841 |
1835 | Whig | Melbourne II | [34] | ||||
1837 | Victoria | |||||||||
6 years and 135 days | ||||||||||
Sir Robert Peel MP for Tamworth (1788–1850) |
30 August 1841 |
29 June 1846 |
1841 | Conservative | Peel II | [33] | ||||
4 years and 304 days | ||||||||||
Lord John Russell MP for City of London (1792–1878) |
30 June 1846 |
21 February 1852 |
1847 | Whig | Russell I | [35] | ||||
5 years and 237 days | ||||||||||
Edward Smith-Stanley 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869) |
23 February 1852 |
17 December 1852 |
1852 | Conservative | Who? Who? | [36] | ||||
299 days | ||||||||||
George Hamilton-Gordon 4th Earl of Aberdeen (1784–1860) |
19 December 1852 |
30 January 1855 |
— | قالب:Party shading/Peelite rowspan=2 | Peelite | Aberdeen (Peelite–Whig–et al.) |
[37] | ||||
2 years and 43 days | ||||||||||
Henry John Temple 3rd Viscount Palmerston MP for Tiverton (1784–1865) |
6 February 1855 |
19 February 1858 |
1857 | Whig | Palmerston I | [38] | ||||
3 years and 14 days | ||||||||||
Edward Smith-Stanley 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869) |
20 February 1858 |
11 June 1859 |
— | Conservative | Derby–Disraeli II | [39] | ||||
1 years and 112 days | ||||||||||
Henry John Temple 3rd Viscount Palmerston MP for Tiverton (1784–1865) |
12 June 1859 |
18 October 1865 |
1859 | Liberal | Palmerston II | [40] | ||||
1865 | ||||||||||
6 years and 129 days[†] | ||||||||||
John Russell 1st Earl Russell (1792–1878) |
29 October 1865 |
26 June 1866 |
— | Russell II | [35] | |||||
241 days | ||||||||||
Edward Smith-Stanley 14th Earl of Derby (1799–1869) |
28 June 1866 |
25 February 1868 |
— | Conservative | Derby–Disraeli III | [41] | ||||
1 years and 243 days | ||||||||||
Benjamin Disraeli MP for Buckinghamshire (1804–1881) |
See also § Main articles:1 | [42] | ||||||||
27 February 1868 |
1 December 1868 |
— | ||||||||
279 days | ||||||||||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian (1809–1898) |
See also § Main articles:2 | Liberal | Gladstone I | [43] | ||||||
3 December 1868 |
17 February 1874 |
1868 | ||||||||
5 years and 77 days | ||||||||||
Benjamin Disraeli 1st Earl of Beaconsfield[ث] (1804–1881) |
See also § Main articles:1 |
|
Conservative | Disraeli II | [44] | |||||
20 February 1874 |
21 April 1880 |
1874 | ||||||||
6 years and 62 days | ||||||||||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian (1809–1898) |
See also § Main articles:2 | Liberal | Gladstone II | [45] | ||||||
23 April 1880 |
9 June 1885 |
1880 | ||||||||
5 years and 48 days | ||||||||||
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903) |
23 June 1885 |
28 January 1886 |
— | Conservative | Salisbury I | [46] | ||||
220 days | ||||||||||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian (1809–1898) |
See also § Main articles:2 | Liberal | Gladstone III | [45] | ||||||
1 February 1886 |
20 July 1886 |
1885 | ||||||||
170 days | ||||||||||
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903) |
25 July 1886 |
11 August 1892 |
1886 |
|
Conservative | Salisbury II | [47] | |||
6 years and 18 days | ||||||||||
William Ewart Gladstone MP for Midlothian (1809–1898) |
See also § Main articles:2 | Liberal | Gladstone IV | [45] | ||||||
15 August 1892 |
2 March 1894 |
1892 | ||||||||
1 years and 200 days | ||||||||||
Archibald Primrose 5th Earl of Rosebery (1847–1929) |
5 March 1894 |
22 June 1895 |
— | Rosebery | [48] | |||||
1 years and 110 days | ||||||||||
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (1830–1903) |
25 June 1895 |
11 July 1902 |
1895 |
|
Conservative | Salisbury III (Con.–Lib.U.) |
[49] | |||
1900 | Salisbury IV (Con.–Lib.U.) |
Edward VII ح. 1901–1910 | ||||||||
7 years and 17 days | ||||||||||
Arthur Balfour MP for Manchester East (1848–1930) |
12 July 1902 |
4 December 1905 |
— | Balfour (Con.–Lib.U.) |
[50] | |||||
3 years and 146 days | ||||||||||
Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman MP for Stirling Burghs (1836–1908) |
5 December 1905 |
3 April 1908 |
1906 | Liberal | Campbell-Bannerman | [51] | ||||
2 years and 121 days | ||||||||||
H. H. Asquith MP for East Fife (1852–1928) |
8 April 1908 |
5 December 1916 |
— | Asquith I | [52] | |||||
Jan.1910 | Asquith II | George V ح. 1910–1936 | ||||||||
Dec.1910 | Asquith III | |||||||||
— | Asquith Coalition (Lib.–Con.–et al.) | |||||||||
8 years and 243 days | ||||||||||
David Lloyd George MP for Caernarfon (1863–1945) |
6 December 1916 |
19 October 1922 |
— | Lloyd George War | [53] | |||||
1918 | Lloyd George II (Lib.–Con.) | |||||||||
5 years and 318 days | ||||||||||
Bonar Law MP for Glasgow Central (1858–1923) |
23 October 1922 |
20 May 1923 |
1922 | Conservative (Scot.U.) |
Law | [54] | ||||
210 days | ||||||||||
Stanley Baldwin MP for Bewdley (1867–1947) |
22 May 1923 |
22 January 1924 |
— | Conservative | Baldwin I | [55] | ||||
246 days | ||||||||||
Ramsay MacDonald MP for Aberavon (1866–1937) |
22 January 1924 |
4 November 1924 |
1923 | Labour | MacDonald I | [56] | ||||
288 days | ||||||||||
Stanley Baldwin MP for Bewdley (1867–1947) |
4 November 1924 |
4 June 1929 |
1924 | Conservative | Baldwin II | [57] | ||||
4 years and 213 days | ||||||||||
Ramsay MacDonald MP for Seaham (1866–1937) |
5 June 1929 |
7 June 1935 |
1929 | Labour | MacDonald II | [58] | ||||
— | rowspan=3 قالب:Party shading/National Labour| National Labour | National I (N.Lab.–Con.–et al.) | ||||||||
1931 | National II | |||||||||
6 years and 3 days | ||||||||||
| Stanley Baldwin MP for Bewdley (1867–1947) |
7 June 1935 |
28 May 1937 |
1935 | Conservative | National III | [59] | |||
Edward VIII ح. 1936 | ||||||||||
1 years and 356 days | George VI ح. 1936–1952 | |||||||||
Neville Chamberlain MP for Birmingham Edgbaston (1869–1940) |
28 May 1937 |
10 May 1940 |
— | National IV | [60] | |||||
Chamberlain War | ||||||||||
2 years and 349 days | ||||||||||
Winston Churchill MP for Epping (1874–1965) |
10 May 1940 |
26 July 1945 |
— | Churchill War | [61] | |||||
5 years and 78 days | Churchill Caretaker (Con.–L.Nat.) | |||||||||
Clement Attlee MP for Limehouse (1883–1967) |
26 July 1945 |
26 October 1951 |
1945 |
|
Labour | Attlee I | [62] | |||
1950 | Attlee II | |||||||||
6 years and 93 days | ||||||||||
Sir Winston Churchill MP for Woodford (1874–1965) |
26 October 1951 |
5 April 1955 |
1951 |
|
Conservative | Churchill III | [63] | |||
3 years and 162 days | Elizabeth II ح. 1952–present | |||||||||
Sir Anthony Eden MP for Warwick and Leamington (1897–1977) |
6 April 1955 |
9 January 1957 |
1955 | Eden | [64] | |||||
1 years and 279 days | ||||||||||
Harold Macmillan MP for Bromley (1894–1986) |
10 January 1957 |
18 October 1963 |
— | Macmillan I | [65] | |||||
1959 | Macmillan II | |||||||||
6 years and 282 days | ||||||||||
Sir Alec Douglas-Home[ج] MP for Kinross and Western Perthshire (1903–1995) |
19 October 1963 |
16 October 1964 |
— | Conservative (Scot.U.) |
Douglas-Home | [66] | ||||
364 days | ||||||||||
Harold Wilson MP for Huyton (1916–1995) |
16 October 1964 |
19 June 1970 |
1964 | Labour | Wilson I | [67] | ||||
1966 | Wilson II | |||||||||
5 years and 247 days | ||||||||||
Edward Heath MP for Bexley (1916–2005) |
19 June 1970 |
4 March 1974 |
1970 | Conservative | Heath | [68] | ||||
3 years and 259 days | ||||||||||
Harold Wilson MP for Huyton (1916–1995) |
4 March 1974 |
5 April 1976 |
Feb.1974 | Labour | Wilson III | [67] | ||||
Oct.1974 | Wilson IV | |||||||||
2 years and 33 days | ||||||||||
James Callaghan MP for Cardiff South East (1912–2005) |
5 April 1976 |
4 May 1979 |
— | Callaghan | [69] | |||||
3 years and 30 days | ||||||||||
Margaret Thatcher MP for Finchley (1925–2013) |
See also § Main articles:3 | Conservative | Thatcher I | [70] | ||||||
4 May 1979 |
28 November 1990 |
1979 | ||||||||
1983 | Thatcher II | |||||||||
1987 | Thatcher III | |||||||||
11 years and 209 days | ||||||||||
John Major MP for Huntingdon (born 1943) |
See also § Main articles:4 | Major I | [71] | |||||||
28 November 1990 |
2 May 1997 |
— | ||||||||
1992 | Major II | |||||||||
6 years and 156 days | ||||||||||
Tony Blair MP for Sedgefield (born 1953) |
See also § Main articles:5 | Labour | Blair I | [72] | ||||||
2 May 1997 |
27 June 2007 |
1997 | ||||||||
2001 | Blair II | |||||||||
2005 | Blair III | |||||||||
10 years and 57 days | ||||||||||
Gordon Brown MP for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath (born 1951) |
See also § Main articles:6 | Brown | [73] | |||||||
27 June 2007 |
11 May 2010 |
— | ||||||||
2 years and 319 days | ||||||||||
David Cameron MP for Witney (born 1966) |
See also § Main articles:7 | Conservative | Cameron–Clegg (Con.–Lib.Dems.) |
[74] | ||||||
11 May 2010 |
13 July 2016 |
2010 | ||||||||
2015 | Cameron II | |||||||||
6 years and 64 days | ||||||||||
Theresa May MP for Maidenhead (born 1956) |
See also § Main articles:8 | May I | [75] | |||||||
13 July 2016 |
24 July 2019 |
— | ||||||||
2017 | May II | |||||||||
3 years and 12 days | ||||||||||
Boris Johnson MP for Uxbridge and South Ruislip (born 1964) |
See also § Main articles:9 | Johnson I | ||||||||
24 July 2019 |
6 September 2022 |
— | ||||||||
2019 | Johnson II | |||||||||
5 years and 122 days | ||||||||||
Prime Minister Office (Lifespan) |
Term of office & mandate | Ministerial offices | Party | Government | Monarch | Ref. |
محل نزاع
الويگ (2) | العاهل | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
اللقب رئيس الوزراء (عاش) |
فترة المنصب والولاية [أ] المدة بالسنوات والأيام |
مناصب وزارية تقلدها بصفته رئيس للوزراء | الحزب | الحكومة | |||||
وليام پلتني إيرل أول باث (1684–1764) |
10 فبراير 1746 |
12 فبراير 1746 |
– | الويگ | قصيرة العمر | جورج الثاني | |||
3 days | |||||||||
جيمس والدگريڤ إيرل ثاني والدگريڤ (1715–1763) |
8 يونيو 1757 |
12 يونيو 1757 |
– | والدگريڤ | |||||
5 days |
المصادر
- ^ "Salaries of Members of Her Majesty's Government – Financial Year 2021–22" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-12-13.
- ^ "Pay and expenses for MPs". parliament.uk. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
- ^ "Government and Opposition roles". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ^ "Prime minister". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. 16 October 2008. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ^ "Glossary — Parliamentary Jargon Explained; Prime Minister". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 25 October 2008.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 1, 5; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 1–5; Pryde et al. 1996, pp. 45–46.
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, p. 41; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 14; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 7–10; Jones & Jones 1986, p. 222.
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, pp. 41–42; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 17; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 11–15.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 28; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 16–21.
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1988, p. 44; Courthope 1838, p. 19; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 34; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 23–26; Schumann & Schweizer 2012, p. 143.
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1980, p. 11; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 28; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 16–21; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 46; Tout 1910, p. 740.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 36; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 28–31; Jones & Jones 1986, p. 223; Tout 1910, p. 740.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 42; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 33–35; Tout 1910, p. 740.
- ^ أ ب The British Magazine and Review 1782, p. 79; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 46, 50; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 39–43.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 54; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 45–50; Kebbel 1864, p. 143; Venning 2005, p. 93.
- ^ Courthope 1838, p. 9; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 61; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 52–56; Venning 2005, p. 93; Vincitorio 1968, p. 156.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 64; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 58–62; Whiteley 1996, p. 24.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 73; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 64–68; Venning 2005, p. 93.
- ^ Cook & Stevenson 1980, p. 11; Courthope 1838, p. 25; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 77; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 69–74; Venning 2005, p. 93.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 85; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 75–78; Evans 2008, p. 4.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 94; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 83–85; Styles 1829, p. 266.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 85; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 75–77; Evans 2008, p. 4.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 98; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 90–92; Tout 1910, p. 740.
- ^ Courthope 1838, p. 25; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 77; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 69–74; Evans 2008, p. 4.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 101; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 98–101; Evans 2008, p. 4.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 106; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 104–108; Evans 2008, p. 4; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 116, 133; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 110–115.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 120, 133; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 118–120.
- ^ Courthope 1838, p. 33; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 123; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 124–130; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47; Shaw 1906, p. 447; Tout 1910, p. 740.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 128; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 133–139.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 136; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 141–143.
- ^ Courthope 1838, p. 33; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 123; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 124–130; Evans 2001, p. 471; Mahon & Cardwell 1856, p. 17; Shaw 1906, p. 447.
- ^ أ ب Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 142; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 148–153.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 136; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 141–145; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47.
- ^ أ ب Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 151; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 155–160.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 161; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 162–164.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 159, 167; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 169–174; Royal Society of Edinburgh 2006, p. 375; Tout 1910, p. 741.
- ^ Disraeli 1855; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 174; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 177–184; Royal Society 2007, p. 349.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 161; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 162–164; Tout 1910, p. 741.
- ^ Balfour 1910; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 174; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 177–184; Royal Society 2007, p. 349.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 161; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 162–167; Tout 1910, p. 741.
- ^ Disraeli 1868; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 183; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 187–189; Tout 1910, p. 741.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 196; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 195–198; Royal Statistical Society 1892, p. 9.
- ^ Chamberlain 1884; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 183; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 187–192.
- ^ أ ب ت Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 196; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 195–202; Royal Statistical Society 1892, p. 9.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 213; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 205–210; Mosley 2003, p. 3505; Sandys 1910, p. 287.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 213; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 205–210; Locker-Lampson 1907, p. 497; Mosley 2003, p. 3505; Sandys 1910, p. 287.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 222; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 212–215.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, pp. 213, 221; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 205–210; Mosley 2003, p. 3505; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 47; Sandys 1910, p. 287.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 231; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 217–221; Mosley 1999, p. 173; Tout 1910, p. 741.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 239; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 223–227.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, p. 5; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 244; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 229–235; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 48.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 6–9; The Constitutional Yearbook 1919, p. 42; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 252; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 237–243.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 262; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 246–248; Scully 2018.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 273; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 253–255; Mosley 1999, p. 172.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 281; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 262–264.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 273; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 253–259; Mosley 1999, p. 172.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, p. 13; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 281; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 262–268.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 273; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 253–259; Mosley 1999, p. 172; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 48.
- ^ The Annual Register 1941, p. 11; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 289; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 270–274.
- ^ The Annual Register 1946, p. 11; Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 17–21, 77; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 295; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 276–282; The London Gazette 1924.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 305; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 284–289.
- ^ BBC On This Day 2005; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 295; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 276–282; The London Gazette 1924; Mosley 1999, p. 1868; Pryde et al. 1996, p. 48.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 315; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 291–295.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 320; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 297–303.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 329; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 306–310; Scully 2018.
- ^ أ ب Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 333; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 313–320.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 343; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 322–328; UK Parliament 2005a.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 350; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 331–333; UK Parliament 2005b.
- ^ Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 358; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 340–347; UK Parliament 2013.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, p. 61; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 384; Englefield, Seaton & White 1995, pp. 350–352.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 61, 270; Eccleshall & Walker 2002, p. 392; Seldon 2007, pp. 77, 371, 647; UK Parliament 2017b.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 61, 86; UK Parliament 2012.
- ^ Butler & Butler 2010, pp. 61, 65; Lee & Beech 2011; Royal Communications 2016; Wheeler 2016.
- ^ BBC News 2017; Stamp 2016; UK Parliament 2017a.
قائمة المراجع
- Anderson, John (1856). A History of Edinburgh from the Earliest Period to the Completion of the Half Century 1850: With Brief Notices of Eminent Or Remarkable Individuals. A. Fullarton & co. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
- Black, Jeremy (2006). The Hanoverians: The History of a Dynasty. Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 1852855819. OCLC 70765876.
- Clarke, John (1993) [1975]. Fraser, Antonia (ed.). The Lives Of The Kings And Queens Of England. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0297832387. OCLC 257417674.
- Hennessy, Peter (2001) [2000]. The Prime Minister; The Office And Its Holders Since 1945. Penguin Group. ISBN 0140283935. OCLC 47063414.
- Longford, Elizabeth (1998) [1964]. Victoria R.I. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0297841424. OCLC 41510024.
- Priestley, J. B. (2002) [1969]. The Prince of Pleasure and his Regency 1811-20. Penguin Group. ISBN 0141391065. OCLC 59475591.
- Rose, Kenneth (1983). King George V. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. ISBN 0297782452. OCLC 9909629.
- Thomas, Peter David Garner (2002). George III: King and Politicians, 1760-1770. Manchester University Press. ISBN 9780719064296. OCLC 50191954.
وصلات خارجية
- Prime Ministers in History from the 10 Downing Street website
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