يوديد السيزيوم

Caesium iodide
	; CsI crystal
	; Scintillating CsI crystal
	; Crystal structure
الأسماء
	اسم أيوپاك Caesium iodide
	أسماء أخرى Cesium iodide
المُعرِّفات
رقم CAS
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	23003 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.223
رقم EC	232-145-2;
PubChem CID	24601;
رقم RTECS	FL0350000;
UNII	U1P3GVC56L;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3064859 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/Cs.HI/h;1H/q+1;/p-1 Key: XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M ; InChI=1/Cs.HI/h;1H/q+1;/p-1 Key: XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-REWHXWOFAA;
	SMILES [Cs+].[I-];
الخصائص
الصيغة الجزيئية	CsI
كتلة مولية	259.809 g/mol
المظهر	white crystalline solid
الكثافة	4.51 g/cm3
نقطة الانصهار
نقطة الغليان
قابلية الذوبان في الماء	848 g/L (25 °C)
القابلية المغناطيسية	-82.6·10−6 cm3/mol
معامل الانكسار (nD)	1.9790 (0.3 µm); 1.7873 (0.59 µm); 1.7694 (0.75 µm); 1.7576 (1 µm); 1.7428 (5 µm); 1.7280 (20 µm)
البنية
البنية البلورية	CsCl, cP2
الزمرة الفراغية	Pm3m, No. 221
ثابت العقد	a = 0.4503 nm
هندسة; إحداثية	Cubic (Cs+); Cubic (I−)
الكيمياء الحرارية
الإنتالپية المعيارية; للتشكل ΔfHo298	−346.6 kJ/mol
Standard molar; entropy So298	123.1 J/mol·K
سعة الحرارة النوعية، C	52.8 J/mol·K
المخاطر
ن.م.ع. مخطط تصويري
ن.م.ع. كلمة الاشارة	Warning
ن.م.ع. عبارات المخاطر	H315, H317, H319, H335
ن.م.ع. العبارات الاحتياطية	P201, P202, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
نقطة الوميض	Non-flammable
	الجرعة أو التركيز القاتل (LD, LC):
LD50 (الجرعة الوسطى)	2386 mg/kg (oral, rat)
مركبات ذا علاقة
أنيونات أخرى	Caesium fluoride; Caesium chloride; Caesium bromide; Caesium astatide
كاتيونات أخرى	Lithium iodide; Sodium iodide; Potassium iodide; Rubidium iodide; Francium iodide
	ما لم يُذكر غير ذلك، البيانات المعطاة للمواد في حالاتهم العيارية (عند 25 °س [77 °ف]، 100 kPa).
	verify (what is ?)
	مراجع الجدول

يوديد السيزيوم Caesium iodide أو cesium iodide (الصيغة الكيميائية CsI) is the ionic compound of caesium and iodine. It is often used as the input phosphor of an X-ray image intensifier tube found in fluoroscopy equipment. Caesium iodide photocathodes are highly efficient at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths.^[7]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

التخليق والبنية

Monatomic caesium halide wires grown inside double-wall carbon nanotubes.^[8]

Bulk caesium iodide crystals have the cubic CsCl crystal structure, but the structure type of nanometer-thin CsI films depends on the substrate material – it is CsCl for mica and NaCl for LiF, NaBr and NaCl substrates.^[9]

Caesium iodide atomic chains can be grown inside double-wall carbon nanotubes. In such chains I atoms appear brighter than Cs atoms in electron micrographs despite having a smaller mass. This difference was explained by the charge difference between Cs atoms (positive), inner nanotube walls (negative) and I atoms (negative). As a result, Cs atoms are attracted to the walls and vibrate more strongly than I atoms, which are pushed toward the nanotube axis.^[8]

الخصائص

قابلية ذوبان Csl في الماء^[10]
Т (°C)	0	10	20	25	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100
S (wt%)	30.9	37.2	43.2	45.9	48.6	53.3	57.3	60.7	63.6	65.9	67.7	69.2

التطبيقات

An important application of caesium iodide crystals, which are scintillators, is electromagnetic calorimetry in experimental particle physics. Pure CsI is a fast and dense scintillating material with relatively low light yield that increases significantly with cooling.^[11] It shows two main emission components: one in the near ultraviolet region at the wavelength of 310 nm and one at 460 nm. The drawbacks of CsI are a high temperature gradient and a slight hygroscopicity.

Caesium iodide is used as a beamsplitter in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. It has a wider transmission range than the more common potassium bromide beamsplitters, working range into the far infrared. However, optical-quality CsI crystals are very soft and hard to cleave or polish. They should also be coated (typically with germanium) and stored in a desiccator, to minimize interaction with atmospheric water vapors.^[12]

In addition to image intensifier input phosphors, caesium iodide is often also used in medicine as the scintillating material in flat panel x-ray detectors.^[13]

المراجع

^ ^أ ^ب Cesium iodide. U.S. National Library of Medicine
^ ^أ ^ب ^ت خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة b92
^ Haynes, p. 10.240
^ Haynes, p. 4.132
^ Huang, Tzuen-Luh; Ruoff, Arthur L. (1984). "Equation of state and high-pressure phase transition of CsI". Physical Review B. 29 (2): 1112. Bibcode:1984PhRvB..29.1112H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.29.1112.
^ ^أ ^ب ^ت Haynes, p. 5.10
^ Kowalski, M. P.; Fritz, G. G.; Cruddace, R. G.; Unzicker, A. E.; Swanson, N. (1986). "Quantum efficiency of cesium iodide photocathodes at soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet wavelengths". Applied Optics. 25 (14): 2440. Bibcode:1986ApOpt..25.2440K. doi:10.1364/AO.25.002440. PMID 18231513.
^ ^أ ^ب Senga, Ryosuke; Komsa, Hannu-Pekka; Liu, Zheng; Hirose-Takai, Kaori; Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.; Suenaga, Kazu (2014). "Atomic structure and dynamic behaviour of truly one-dimensional ionic chains inside carbon nanotubes". Nature Materials. 13 (11): 1050–4. Bibcode:2014NatMa..13.1050S. doi:10.1038/nmat4069. PMID 25218060.
^ Schulz, L. G. (1951). "Polymorphism of cesium and thallium halides". Acta Crystallographica. 4 (6): 487–489. Bibcode:1951AcCry...4..487S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X51001641.
^ Haynes, p. 5.191
^ Mikhailik, V.; Kapustyanyk, V.; Tsybulskyi, V.; Rudyk, V.; Kraus, H. (2015). "Luminescence and scintillation properties of CsI: A potential cryogenic scintillator". Physica Status Solidi B. 252 (4): 804–810. arXiv:1411.6246. Bibcode:2015PSSBR.252..804M. doi:10.1002/pssb.201451464. S2CID 118668972.
^ Sun, Da-Wen (2009). Infrared Spectroscopy for Food Quality Analysis and Control. Academic Press. pp. 158–. ISBN 978-0-08-092087-0.
^ Lança, Luís; Silva, Augusto (2012). "Digital Radiography Detectors: A Technical Overview" (PDF). Digital Imaging Systems for Plain Radiography. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5067-2_2. hdl:10400.21/1932. ISBN 978-1-4614-5066-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-28. Retrieved 2017-08-28.

المصادر المستخدمة

Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 1439855110.

HI																	He
LiI	BeI₂											BI₃	CI₄	NI₃	I₂O₄, I₂O₅, I₄O₉	IF, IF₃, IF₅, IF₇	Ne
NaI	MgI₂											AlI₃	SiI₄	PI₃, P₂I₄	S	ICl, ICl₃	Ar
KI	CaI₂	Sc	TiI₄	VI₃	Cr	MnI₂	Fe	CoI₂	NiI₂	CuI	ZnI₂	Ga₂I₆	GeI₂, GeI₄	AsI₃	Se	IBr	Kr
RbI	SrI₂	Y	ZrI₄	Nb	Mo	Tc	Ru	Rh	Pd	AgI	CdI₂	InI₃	SnI₄, SnI₂	SbI₃	TeI₄	I	Xe
CsI	BaI₂		Hf	Ta	W	Re	Os	Ir	Pt	AuI	Hg₂I₂, HgI₂	TlI	PbI₂	Bi	Po	At	Rn
Fr	Ra		Rf	Db	Sg	Bh	Hs	Mt	Ds	Rg	Uub	Uut	Uuq	Uup	Uuh	Uus	Uuo
		↓
		La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Pm	SmI₂	Eu	Gd	TbI₃	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu
		Ac	ThI₄	Pa	U	Np	Pu	Am	Cm	Bk	Cf	Es	Fm	Md	No	Lr

[chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov-1] أ ^ب Cesium iodide. U.S. National Library of Medicine

[b92-2] أ ^ب ^ت خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة b92

[3] Haynes, p. 10.240

[4] Haynes, p. 4.132

[str2-5] Huang, Tzuen-Luh; Ruoff, Arthur L. (1984). "Equation of state and high-pressure phase transition of CsI". Physical Review B. 29 (2): 1112. Bibcode:1984PhRvB..29.1112H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.29.1112.

[b92t-6] أ ^ب ^ت Haynes, p. 5.10

[7] Kowalski, M. P.; Fritz, G. G.; Cruddace, R. G.; Unzicker, A. E.; Swanson, N. (1986). "Quantum efficiency of cesium iodide photocathodes at soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet wavelengths". Applied Optics. 25 (14): 2440. Bibcode:1986ApOpt..25.2440K. doi:10.1364/AO.25.002440. PMID 18231513.

[chain-8] أ ^ب Senga, Ryosuke; Komsa, Hannu-Pekka; Liu, Zheng; Hirose-Takai, Kaori; Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.; Suenaga, Kazu (2014). "Atomic structure and dynamic behaviour of truly one-dimensional ionic chains inside carbon nanotubes". Nature Materials. 13 (11): 1050–4. Bibcode:2014NatMa..13.1050S. doi:10.1038/nmat4069. PMID 25218060.

[str-9] Schulz, L. G. (1951). "Polymorphism of cesium and thallium halides". Acta Crystallographica. 4 (6): 487–489. Bibcode:1951AcCry...4..487S. doi:10.1107/S0365110X51001641.

[10] Haynes, p. 5.191

[11] Mikhailik, V.; Kapustyanyk, V.; Tsybulskyi, V.; Rudyk, V.; Kraus, H. (2015). "Luminescence and scintillation properties of CsI: A potential cryogenic scintillator". Physica Status Solidi B. 252 (4): 804–810. arXiv:1411.6246. Bibcode:2015PSSBR.252..804M. doi:10.1002/pssb.201451464. S2CID 118668972.

[Sun2009-12] Sun, Da-Wen (2009). Infrared Spectroscopy for Food Quality Analysis and Control. Academic Press. pp. 158–. ISBN 978-0-08-092087-0.

[13] Lança, Luís; Silva, Augusto (2012). "Digital Radiography Detectors: A Technical Overview" (PDF). Digital Imaging Systems for Plain Radiography. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5067-2_2. hdl:10400.21/1932. ISBN 978-1-4614-5066-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-28. Retrieved 2017-08-28.

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