1495
الألفية: | الألفية 2 |
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القرون: | القرن 14 - القرن 15 - القرن 16 |
العقود: | عقد 1460 عقد 1470 عقد 1480 - عقد 1490 - عقد 1500 عقد 1510 عقد 1520 |
السنوات: | 1492 1493 1494 - 1495 - 1496 1497 1498 |
1495 حسب الموضوع |
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الفنون والعلوم |
العمارة - الفن |
السياسة |
زعماء الدول - الدول ذات السيادة |
تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات |
المواليد - الوفيات |
تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات |
التأسيسات - الانحلالات |
الفن والأدب |
1495 في الشعر |
التقويم الگريگوري | 1495 MCDXCV |
آب أوربه كونديتا | 2248 |
التقويم الأرمني | 944 ԹՎ ՋԽԴ |
التقويم الآشوري | 6245 |
التقويم البهائي | −349 – −348 |
التقويم البنغالي | 902 |
التقويم الأمازيغي | 2445 |
سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 10 Hen. 7 – 11 Hen. 7 |
التقويم البوذي | 2039 |
التقويم البورمي | 857 |
التقويم البيزنطي | 7003–7004 |
التقويم الصيني | 甲寅年 (الخشب النمر) 4191 أو 4131 — إلى — 乙卯年 (الخشب الأرنب) 4192 أو 4132 |
التقويم القبطي | 1211–1212 |
التقويم الديسكوردي | 2661 |
التقويم الإثيوپي | 1487–1488 |
التقويم العبري | 5255–5256 |
التقاويم الهندوسية | |
- ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1551–1552 |
- شاكا سامڤات | 1417–1418 |
- كالي يوگا | 4596–4597 |
تقويم الهولوسين | 11495 |
تقويم الإگبو | 495–496 |
التقويم الإيراني | 873–874 |
التقويم الهجري | 900–901 |
التقويم الياباني | Meiō 4 (明応4年) |
تقويم جوچى | N/A |
التقويم اليوليوسي | 1495 MCDXCV |
التقويم الكوري | 3828 |
تقويم مينگوو | 417 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前417年 |
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 2038 |
Year 1495 (MCDXCV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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أحداث
يناير-ديسمبر
- فبراير - كلية الملك، أبردين، السابقة لجامعة أبردين في اسكتلندا، تتأسس بناء على إلتماس William Elphinstone, أسقف أبردين. It is the first English-speaking university to teach medicine.
- 22 فبراير - Italian War of 1494–98: King Charles VIII of France enters Naples, to claim the city's throne. A few months later, he decides to return to France, and leaves Naples with most of his army, leaving a force under his cousin Gilbert, Count of Montpensier as viceroy. Syphilis is first definitely recorded in Europe during this invasion.[1] (perhaps from French forces who may have contacted Croats fleeing an Ottoman army in the east).
- May 26 - A Spanish army under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba lands in Calabria, with the purpose of ousting the French and restoring Ferdinand II of Naples to the throne.
- June 1 - Brother John Cor of Lindores Abbey pays duty on 8 bolls of malt to the Exchequer in Scotland to make aqua vitae for King James IV; the record in the Exchequer Rolls is the first written reference to Scotch whisky.
- June 28 - Battle of Seminara: Córdoba and Ferdinand are defeated by a French army under Bernard Stewart, Lord of Aubigny.
- July 3 - Battle of Deal: Perkin Warbeck's troops land in Kent, in support of his claim to the English crown, backed by Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy. They are routed before Warbeck himself can disembark, and he retreats to Ireland and then to Scotland.
- July 6 - Battle of Fornovo: The French army under King Charles secures its retreat from Italy, by defeating a combined Milanese-Venetian force under Giovanni Francesco Gonzaga, Marquis of Mantua.
- Summer - John, King of Denmark, sets sail for Kalmar, Sweden, to negotiate with Sten Sture the Elder to restore the power of the Kalmar Union. However, his flagship, Gribshunden, catches fire and sinks off the coast of Ronneby with loss of life, and he is forced to abandon the mission.
- October 25 - King Manuel I of Portugal begins his reign.
- November 30 - An explosion at Vyborg Castle deters the Russian forces, who have invaded Sweden through Karelia.
مجهولة التاريخ
- The oldest extant cable railway is probably the Reisszug, a private line providing goods access to Hohensalzburg Fortress at Salzburg in Austria. This line is generally described as the oldest funicular.[2][3]
- Poynings' Law comes into effect, placing the Parliament of Ireland under the authority of the Parliament of England.[4]
- The Reichskammergericht of the الامبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة يتأسس في فرانكفورت.
- Henry VII of England commissions the world's first dry dock, at Portsmouth.
- Piero Pacini da Pescia publishes Epistles, Gospels, and Popular Readings in the Tuscan Language[5]
- امبراطورية صنغاي: أسكيا محمد، considering that his empire is pacified, entrusts the regency to his brother Omar (Amar Komzago) and makes a pilgrimage to Mecca 4 .
- إندونيسيا: The ruler of Ternate Zain al-'Abidin (1486-1500) went to Giri on the north coast of Java to perfect his knowledge of Islam (1495-1501) 5 . بداية أسلمة جزر الملوك.
مواليد
- January 26 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (ت. 1557)
- February 4
- Francesco II Sforza, Duke of Milan (ت. 1535)
- Jean Parisot de Valette, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller (ت. 1568)
- February 13 – Giacomo Puteo, Spanish cardinal (ت. 1563)
- March 6 – Luigi Alamanni, Italian poet and statesman (ت. 1556)
- March 8 – John of God, Portuguese friar and saint (ت. 1550)
- March 26 – Michele Antonio, Marquess of Saluzzo (ت. 1528)
- March 29 – Leonhard Päminger, Austrian composer (ت. 1567)
- April 16 – Petrus Apianus, German humanist (ت. 1552)
- August 1 – Jan van Scorel, Dutch painter (ت. 1562)
- August 24 – Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg, Prince of Lüneburg and Baron of Harburg (ت. 1549)
- September 18 – Louis X, Duke of Bavaria, German noble (ت. 1545)
- September 20 – Gian Matteo Giberti, Catholic bishop (ت. 1543)
- September 23 – Bagrat III of Imereti, King of Imereti (ت. 1565)
- September 24 – Barbara of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, Landgravine of Leuchtenberg (ت. 1552)
- November 1 – Erhard Schnepf, German theologian (ت. 1558)
- November 21 – John Bale, English churchman (ت. 1563)[6]
- December 5 – Nicolas Cleynaerts, Flemish grammarian (ت. 1542)
- مجهولة التاريخ
- Robert Barnes, English reformer and martyr (ت. 1540)
- Cuauhtémoc, 11th Tlatoani (emperor) of Tenochtitlan (modern Mexico City), 1520-1521 (ت. 1525)[7]
- Thomas Wharton, 1st Baron Wharton (ت. 1568)
- probable
- Pedro de Alvarado, Spanish conquistador (ت. 1541)
- Marie Dentière, Genevan Protestant reformer and theologian (ت. 1561)
- Costanzo Festa, Italian composer (ت. 1545)
- Nicolas Gombert, Flemish composer (ت. 1560)
وفيات
- January 11 – Pedro González de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal and statesman (و. 1428)
- January 21 – Magdalena of France, French princess and regent of Navarre (و. 1443)
- February 25 – Sultan Cem, pretender to the Ottoman throne (و. 1459)
- May 31 – Cecily Neville, English duchess, mother of Edward IV of England and Richard III of England (و. 1415)
- September – Vlad Călugărul, Wallachian half-brother of Vlad III (The Impaler)
- September 14 – Elizabeth Tudor, English princess, daughter of Henry VII of England (و. 1492)
- October 25 – King John II of Portugal (و. 1455)[8]
- October 30 – Francis, Count of Vendome (و. 1470)
- December 16 – Charles Orlando, Dauphin of France, French noble (و. 1492)
- December 18 – King Alphonso II of Naples (و. 1448)
- December 21 – Jasper Tudor, 1st Duke of Bedford (و. c. 1431)
المراجع
- ^ Farhi, David; Dupin, Nicolas (September–October 2010). "Origins of syphilis and management in the immunocompetent patient: facts and controversies". Clinics in Dermatology. 28 (5): 533–538. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.011. PMID 20797514.
- ^ "Der Reiszug – Part 1 – Presentation". Funimag. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
- ^ Kriechbaum, Reinhard (15 مايو 2004). "Die große Reise auf den Berg". der Tagespost (in الألمانية). Archived from the original on 28 يونيو 2012. Retrieved 22 أبريل 2009.
- ^ Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X., eds. (1967). The Course of Irish History. Cork: Mercier Press. p. 370.
- ^ "Epistles, Gospels, and Popular Readings in the Tuscan Language". World Digital Library. June 27, 1495. Retrieved September 4, 2013.
- ^ "John Bale | English bishop and author". Encyclopedia Britannica (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 28 April 2019.
- ^ "Cuauhtémoc" (in الإسبانية). Biografias y Vidas. Retrieved June 1, 2019.
- ^ Hourihane, Colum (2012). The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture (in الإنجليزية). OUP USA. p. 217. ISBN 9780195395365.