داماپادا
داماپادا (پالي؛ Prakrit languages: धम्मपद Dhammapada؛[1]) is a collection of sayings of the Buddha in verse form and one of the most widely read and best known Buddhist scriptures.[2] The original version of the Dhammapada is in the Khuddaka Nikaya, a division of the Pali Canon في بوذية ثراڤادا.
دامابادا كتاب يضم مجموع ما قاله بوذا (563-483 ق.م.) والمرجّح أن هذه الأقوال جُمعت في شمالي الهند، في القرن الثالث قبل الميلاد، ودُوّنت أساسا في سيلان (سري لانكا) في القرن الأول قبل ميلاد المسيح. الداما تعني في ما تعني، الشرع، العدل، العدالة، الطاعة، الحقيقة. بادا، تعني: السبيل، الخطوة ، القدم ، الأساس. نصوص الدامابادا انتشرت وسُجلت بلغة بالي، اللغة الفقهية للبوذية الجنوبية ، وصارت الكتاب الرئيس للبوذيين في سريلانكا وجنوبي شرقي آسيا. في نقلي ما أسميته – قرآن بوذا- كنت أنتقي، معتبرا حساسية لغتي وقومي العرب، وما يعتقدون، بدون أن أثلم، ولو برهة سهو، احترامي المعتقد البوذي، والنصّ.
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العنوان
العنوان، "Dhammapada," is a compound term composed of dhamma and pada, each word having a number of denotations and connotations. Generally, dhamma can refer to the Buddha's "doctrine" or an "eternal truth" or "righteousness" or all "phenomena";[3] and, at its root, pada means "foot" and thus by extension, especially in this context, means either "path" or "verse" (cf. "prosodic foot") or both.[4] English translations of this text's title have used various combinations of these and related words.[5][6]
التاريخ
| شريعة پالي |
|---|
| ڤينايا پيتاكا |
| سوتـّا پيتاكا |
| أبيدمـّا پيتاكا |
According to tradition, the Dhammapada's verses were spoken by the Buddha on various occasions.[7]
الفهرس
The Pali Dhammapada contains 423 verses in 26 chapters (listed below in English and, in parentheses, Pali).[8][9][10]
| الرقم | عنوان الفصل بالپالي | نطق عنوان الفصل | عنوان الفصل بالعربية |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. | यमकवग्गो | Yamaka-vaggo | الآيتان التوأم (see excerpt below) |
| II. | अप्पमादवग्गो | Appamāda-vaggo | في الجدية |
| III. | चित्तवग्गो | Citta-vaggo | الفكر |
| IV. | पुफ्फवग्गो | Puppha-vaggo | الزهور |
| V. | बालवग्गो | Bāla-vaggo | الأحمق |
| VI. | पण्डितवग्गो | Paṇḍita-vaggo | الحكيم |
| VII. | अरहन्तवग्गो | Arahanta-vaggo | المكرّم |
| VIII. | सहस्सवग्गो | Sahassa-vaggo | الآلاف |
| IX. | पापवग्गो | Pāpa-vaggo | الشر |
| X. | दण्डवग्गो | Daṇḍa-vaggo | العقاب (see excerpt below) |
| XI. | जरावग्गो | Jarā-vaggo | الشيخوخة |
| XII. | अत्तवग्गो | Atta-vaggo | الذات |
| XIII. | लोकवग्गो | Loka-vaggo | العالم |
| XIV. | बुद्धवग्गो | Buddha-vaggo | البوذا — الموقـَظ (انظر excerpt أدناه) |
| XV. | सुखवग्गो | Sukha-vaggo | السعادة |
| XVI. | पियवग्गो | Piya-vaggo | المتعة |
| XVII. | कोधवग्गो | Kodha-vaggo | الغضب |
| XVIII. | मलवग्गो | Mala-vaggo | عدم النقاء |
| XIX. | धम्मट्ठवग्गो | Dhammaṭṭha-vaggo | العدل |
| XX. | मग्गवग्गो | Magga-vaggo | الطريق (see excerpt below) |
| XXI. | पकिण्णकवग्गो | Pakiṇṇaka-vaggo | متفرقات |
| XXII. | निरयवग्गो | Niraya-vaggo | الصراط النازل |
| XXIII. | नागवग्गो | Nāga-vaggo | الفيل |
| XXIV. | तण्हावग्गो | Taṇhā-vaggo | العطش (انظر excerpt أدناه) |
| XXV. | भिख्खुवग्गो | Bhikkhu-vaggo | المتسول |
| XXVI. | ब्राह्मणवग्गो | Brāhmaṇa-vaggo | البراهمانا |
تمثيل موسيقي
- Ronald Corp, 2010, a cappella choral setting of Francis Booth's translation, released on Stone Records.
الهامش
- ^ See, e.g., the Gāndhārī Dharmapada (GDhp), verses 301, 302, in: Brough (1962/2001), p. 166; and, Ānandajoti (2007), ch. 4, "Pupphavagga" (retrieved 25 November 2008 from "Ancient Buddhist Texts" at http://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Buddhist-Texts/C3-Comparative-Dhammapada/CD-04-Puppha.htm).
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةbest-known text - ^ See, e.g., Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), pp. 335-39, entry "Dhamma," retrieved 25 November 2008 from "U. Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.1:1:2654.pali.
- ^ See, e.g., Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 408, entry "Pada," retrieved 25 November 2008 from "U. Chicago" at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:1516.pali.
- ^ See, for instance, C.A.F Rhys David's "Verses on Dhamma," Kalupahana's "The Path of Righteousness," Norman's "The Word of the Doctrine," Woodward's "The Buddha's Path of Virtue," and other titles identified below at "English translations".
- ^ See also Fronsdal (2005), pp. xiii-xiv. Fronsdal, p. xiv, further comments: "... If we translate the title based on how the term dhammapada is used in the verses [see Dhp verses 44, 45, 102], it should probably be translated 'Sayings of the Dharma,' 'Verses of the Dharma,' or 'Teachings of the Dharma.' However, if we construe pada as 'path,' as in verse 21 ..., the title could be 'The Path of the Dharma.' Ultimately, as many translators clearly concur, it may be best not to translate the title at all."
- ^ Pertinent episodes allegedly involving the historic Buddha are found in the commentary (Buddharakkhita & Bodhi, 1985, p. 4). In addition, a number of the Dhammapada's verses are identical with text from other parts of the Pali tipitaka that are directly attributed to the Buddha in the latter texts. For instance, Dhammapada verses 3, 5, 6, 328-330 can also be found in MN 128 (Ñāṇamoli & Bodhi, 2001, pp. 1009-1010, 1339 n. 1187).
- ^ English chapter titles based on Müller (1881).
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةSLTP - ^ Brough (2001) orders the chapters of the Gandhari Dharmapada as follows: I. Brāhmaṇa; II. Bhikṣu; III. Tṛṣṇā; IV. Pāpa; V. Arhant; VI. Mārga; VII. Apramāda; VIII. Citta; IX. Bāla; X. Jarā; XI. Sukha; XII. Sthavira; XIII. Yamaka; XIV. Paṇḍita; XV. Bahuśruta; XVI. Prakīrṇaka (?); XVII. Krodha; XVIII. Pruṣpa; XIX. Sahasra; XX. Śīla (?); XXI. Kṛtya (?); XXII. Nāga, or Aśva (?); XXIII. - XVI. [Lost]. [Parenthesized question marks are part of Brough's titles.] Cone (1989) orders the chapters of the Patna Dharmapada as follows: 1. Jama; 2. Apramāda; 3. Brāhmaṇa; 4. Bhikṣu; 5. Attha; 6. Śoka; 7. Kalyāṇī; 8. Puṣpa; 9. Tahna; 10. Mala; 11. Bāla; 12. Daṇḍa; 13. Śaraṇa; 14. Khānti; 15. Āsava; 16. Vācā; 17. Ātta; 18. Dadantī; 19. Citta; 20. Māgga; 21. Sahasra; [22. Uraga].
المصادر
- Ānandajoti, Bhikkhu (2007). A Comparative Edition of the Dhammapada. U. of Peradeniya. Ancient Buddhist Texts Retrieved 25 Nov 2008.
- Brough, John (2001). The Gāndhārī Dharmapada. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.
- Buswell, Robert E. (ed.) (2003). Encyclopedia of Buddhism. MacMillan Reference Books. ISBN 978-0-02-865718-9.
- Cone, Margaret (transcriber) (1989). "Patna Dharmapada" in the Journal of the Pali Text Society (Vol. XIII), pp. 101–217. Oxford: PTS. Online text interspersed with Pali parallels compiled by Ānandajoti Bhikkhu (2007). Ancient Buddhist Texts Retrieved 06-15-2008.
- Easwaran, Eknath (2007) (see article). The Dhammapada. Nilgiri Press. ISBN 978-1-58638-020-5.
- Fronsdal, Gil (2005). The Dhammapada. Boston: Shambhala. ISBN 1-59030-380-6.
- Geiger, Wilhelm (trans. by Batakrishna Ghosh) (1943, 2004). Pāli Literature and Language. New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers. ISBN 81-215-0716-2.
- Harvey, Peter (1990, 2007). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-31333-3.
- Hinüber, Oskar von (2000). A Handbook of Pāli Literature. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-016738-7.
- Müller, F. Max (1881). The Dhammapada (Sacred Books Of The East, Vol. X). Oxford University Press.
- Ñāṇamoli, Bhikkhu (trans.) & Bhikkhu Bodhi (ed.) (2001). The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya. Boston: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-072-X.
- Rhys Davids, T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921-5). The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. Search inside the Pali–English Dictionary, University of Chicago
وصلات خارجية
ترجمات
- by Max Müller (1881) from Wikisource
- by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1950) Reprint, Oxford University Press (1996)
- by Harischandra Kaviratna (1980)
- by Buddharakkhita (1985) (pdf has intro by Bhikkhu Bodhi)
- by John Richards (1993)
- by Thomas Byrom (1993)
- by Eknath Easwaran (1996)
- by Thanissaro (1997)
- by Gil Fronsdal – Reading by Chapter from The Dhammapada: A New Translation of the Buddhist Classic with Annotations – 2006
- by Bhikkhu Varado and Samanera Bodhesako (2008)
- Detailed word-by-word translation of the Dhammapada, including explanation of grammar
- Multilingual edition of Dhammapada in the Bibliotheca Polyglotta
- Parallel Reading (paragraph granularity) of The Buddha's Path of Wisdom-- Dhammapada (Dhp.)
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تسجيلات صوتية
- Readings (mp3) from the Dhammapada, translated and read by Gil Fronsdal
- قالب:Librivox book
