خطوط نورثويست الجوية

خطوط نورثويست الجوية
Northwest Airlines
Founded	1926
Commenced operations	1934
Ceased operations	يناير 31, 2010; (اندمجت مع خطوط دلتا الجوية)
Hubs	Minneapolis (1926–2010); Tokyo Haneda (1947–1978); Narita (1978–2010); ; Detroit (1986–2010); New York–JFK (1962–1986); Memphis (1986–2010); Amsterdam (1993–2010);
Frequent-flyer program	WorldPerks
Alliance	SkyTeam
Fleet size	320 incl. cargo; (at time of merger)
Destinations	254
Company slogan	″Now You're Flying Smart″, ″Some People Just Know How To Fly″
Parent company	Delta Air Lines, Inc.
Headquarters	Eagan, Minnesota, U.S.
Key people	Richard Anderson; (President & CEO)
Website	nwa.com (defunct; redirects to delta.com)

خطوط نورث ويست الجوية أو نورث ويست إيرلاينز إنگليزية: Northwest Airlines والمعروفة اختصارا (NWA)هي شركة طيران وطنية أمريكية، تأسست في عام 1926، كانت إحدى كبرى شركات الطيران الأمريكية قبل استيعابها ومن ثم اندامجها في خطوط دلتا الجوية “دلتا إيرلاينز” في 29 أكتوبر 2008، وأدى هذا الاندماج بأن تصبح دلتا إيرلاينز أكبر شركة طيران في العالم.^[3] واستمرت خطوط نورث ويست بالعمل تحت اسمها وعلامتها التجارية الخاصة حتى تم الانتهاء من دمج شركات الطيران في 31 يناير، 2010.

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التاريخ

البدايات

1920s roundel logo

1929 Northwest Airways Waco JYM used on the Minneapolis-Chicago mail route

Rebuilt 1929 Hamilton H-47 wearing Northwest Airways markings in 2010

Northwest Douglas DC-3

تطور الشبكة عبر الهادي

Boeing 707-351B at San Francisco in 1970

Revenue passenger traffic, in millions of passenger-miles (scheduled flights only, domestic plus international)^[4]

Year	Pax-Miles
1951	602
1955	1017
1960	1654
1965	3304
1970	4506
1975	9471

التوسع الداخلي وعبر الأطلسي

Boeing 727-251 at Miami Airport in February 1971

Boeing 747 at London Gatwick Airport in 1983, in pre-merger Northwest Orient livery

Boeing 747-100 at Osaka Itami Airport ca. 1990, in post-merger Northwest livery

Northwest was one of the last passenger airlines to fly the DC-10 when its last one was retired on January 8, 2007

This Northwest DC-10 was painted in a hybrid Northwest-KLM livery to advertise the alliance between the two airlines

NWA logo, 1989–2003

747-251B in the "Bowling Shoe" livery, used from 1989 until 2003^{[بحاجة لمصدر]}

إعلان الإفلاس

A320-212 at San Jose in Northwest's final livery (2003-2010) before its closure.

الدمج مع خطوط طيران دلتا

الرمز الأكثر شيوعاً للدمج.

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نورثويست للشحن

Northwest Cargo Boeing 747

الشئون المؤسسية

المقرات الرئيسية

Entrance sign to Northwest Airlines headquarters in Eagan

علاقات العمل

A Northwest Airlines 757-351

الوجهات

A Northwest Airbus A330-323X landing at London Gatwick Airport

اتفاقيات تشارك الكود

خطوط جنوب الصين الجوية
Continental Airlines^[5]^[6]
(Discontinued after Continental left SkyTeam)
Czech Airlines
Delta Air Lines
Gulfstream International Airlines

Hawaiian Airlines
(Inter-island routes only)
Horizon Air
الخطوط الجوية اليابانية
Kenya Airways
KLM

KLM Cityhopper
Korean Air
Malév Hungarian Airlines
(Amsterdam-Budapest route only)
Midwest Airlines
Pinnacle Airlines

أسطول الطائرات

A Northwest Airlines Airbus A320 landing at Vancouver International Airport

Typical dinner served in Domestic First Class

الأندية العالمية

ملف:NWA WorldClubs logo.png

المواقع

نادي نورثويست العالمي

أحداث وحوادث

المصادر

^ "AVIATION: Umbrella for Airplanes". Time. 13 June 1960. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
^ El-Hai, Jack (2013). Non-stop : a turbulent history of Northwest Airlines. ISBN 978-0816674459.
^ Letter from Northwest Archived April 17, 2008.
^ Handbook of Airline Statistics (biannual CAB publication)
^ "Continental Airlines – Continental to Join Star Alliance – Frequently Asked Questions". Continental.com. Archived from the original on February 19, 2010. Retrieved March 5, 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Continental Airlines – Earn OnePass Miles on Airline Partner". Continental.com. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009. Retrieved March 5, 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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المراجع

Roach, J and Eastwood A.B., Jet Airliner Production List - Volume 1 - Boeing. 2003. The Aviation Hobby Shop. ISBN 0-907178-97-9.

قراءات إضافية

El-Hai, Jack. (2013) Non-stop: A Turbulent History of Northwest Airlines (University of Minnesota Press, 2013) 291 pp. Heavily illustrated.
Ruble, Kenneth D.; (1986). Flight to the Top: How a Hometown Airline Made History—and Keeps on Making It: The Absorbing Sixty-year Story of Northwest Airlines. New York: Viking Press.
"Pilots Who Flew Drunk are Sentenced to Prison". (October 27, 1990). St. Louis Post-Dispatch, p. 7A. Retrieved March 21, 2005, from LexisNexis.
Moylan, Martin J. "NWA to trim mechanics jobs". (March 17, 2005). Detroit Free Press.
Northwest Airlines history timeline on www.nwa.com
U.S. Postal Service history; airmail service starts
"Order 2006-2-1^{[dead link]}", Joint Application of Alitalia-Linee Aeree Italiane-S.p.A., Czech Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Inc., KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Northwest Airlines, Inc. and Societe Air France for Approval of and Antitrust Immunity for Alliance Agreements, United States Department of Transportation, February 6, 2006.
Extensive archival records of Northwest Airlines are available for research use at the Minnesota Historical Society.

وصلات خارجية

[1] "AVIATION: Umbrella for Airplanes". Time. 13 June 1960. Retrieved 3 December 2017.

[2] El-Hai, Jack (2013). Non-stop : a turbulent history of Northwest Airlines. ISBN 978-0816674459.

[3] Letter from Northwest Archived April 17, 2008.

[4] Handbook of Airline Statistics (biannual CAB publication)

[5] "Continental Airlines – Continental to Join Star Alliance – Frequently Asked Questions". Continental.com. Archived from the original on February 19, 2010. Retrieved March 5, 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[6] "Continental Airlines – Earn OnePass Miles on Airline Partner". Continental.com. Archived from the original on October 14, 2009. Retrieved March 5, 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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