مطار سنغافورة تشانگي

Coordinates: 01°21′33″N 103°59′22″E / 1.35917°N 103.98944°E / 1.35917; 103.98944
Singapore Changi Airport

新加坡樟宜机场
Lapangan Terbang Changi Singapura
சிங்கப்பூர் சாங்கி விமான நிலையம்
Changi Airport logo.svg
Jewel Changi Airport 13-11-2023(1).jpg
الملخص
نوع المطارPublic / military
المالكGovernment of Singapore[1]
المشغل
يخدمSingapore
الموقعChangi, Singapore
افتـُتـِح1 July 1981 (operational)
29 December 1981 (official)
محور لـ
مدينة الارتكاز لـ
منطقة التوقيتSST (UTC+08:00)
المنسوب AMSL6٫66 m / 22 ft
الإحداثيات01°21′33″N 103°59′22″E / 1.35917°N 103.98944°E / 1.35917; 103.98944
Websitechangiairport.com
Map
SIN is located in سنغافورة
SIN
SIN
Location in Singapore
SIN is located in جنوب شرق آسيا
SIN
SIN
SIN (جنوب شرق آسيا)
Runways
Direction الطول السطح
متر قدم
02L/20R[N 1] 4,000 13,123 Asphalt concrete
02C/20C 4,000 13,123 Asphalt concrete
02R/20L[N 2] 4,000 13,123 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2017)
Passenger movements 62,219,573
Air freight movements (tons) 2,125,226
Aircraft movements 373,201

Singapore Changi Airport ( /ˈɑːŋi/ CHAHNG-ee; (IATA: SINICAO: WSSS)) is the primary international airport that serves the country of Singapore, and is one of the largest transportation hubs in Asia. More than 100 airlines operate from the airport, with flights to destinations in Asia, Oceania, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and North America.[5]

The airport is located within its namesake, the district of Changi, at the eastern end of Singapore, approximately 24 kilometres (15 miles) east from Singapore's Downtown Core on a 25-square-kilometre (9.7 sq mi) site.[6] It is the home base of BOC Aviation and Jetstar Asia, as well as the country's flag carrier of Singapore Airlines, its cargo division Singapore Airlines Cargo and its low-cost subsidiary Scoot.[7] SATS is also headquartered at the airport.

With Singapore's strategic location being a favourable destination for high demand layovers, the airport also serves as a focus city for Qantas, as well as the flagship cargo hub for FedEx Express in Asia.[8][9]

In 2024, Changi Airport served 67.7 million passengers, which was a 14.8 per cent increase from the 58.9 million passengers who passed through the airport in 2023.[10]

Changi recorded about 366,000 aircraft movement in 2024, up from 328,000 in 2023.[11] The airport handled 382,000 flights in 2019.

Changi was ranked the fourth busiest international airport in the world in 2024 by OAG.[12] Skytrax ranked Changi Airport in fourth position in two categories; world's cleanest airport and the best airport staff.[13]

In 2024, Skytrax voted Changi as the second world's best airport, behind Doha Hamad International Airport, Qatar.[14]

Skytrax voted Crowne Plaza Changi Airport, located inside the main airport, as the world's best airport hotel for seven times (2015 to 2020, and 2022 to 2024).[15]

The airport is operated by Changi Airport Group, a wholly-owned subsidiary under the purview of the Ministry of Finance of the Government of Singapore. It is served by two runways of 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) long each. A third central runway is closed due to the construction of Terminal 5.

While the ICAO code for Changi airport is WSSS, the third runway (02R/20L) is originally part of the Changi Air Base (East) operated by the Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF) and technically carried a different ICAO code WSAC.[16][17][18]

There are four terminal buildings, with a fifth under construction and due to open in 2030. Three of the terminal buildings are connected to an entertainment and retail complex known as the Jewel Changi Airport.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Overview

Map of Changi Airport

Changi Airport serves more than 100 airlines flying to 400+ cities in around 100+ countries and territories worldwide. About 7,400 flights arrive or depart at Changi each week, or one every 80 seconds.

For the 2019 full-year figures published by the airport, the airport handled 68,300,000 passengers (a 4.0% increase over the previous year), the most in its 38-year history.[4] This made it the seventh busiest airport by international passenger traffic in the world and the third busiest in Asia. In December 2019, Changi Airport registered a total of 6.41 million passenger movements, the highest the airport has ever achieved in a month since it opened in 1981. Its daily traffic movement record was also broken on 20 December 2019, with 226,692 passengers passing through during that day. In addition to being an important passenger hub, the airport is also one of the busiest cargo airports in the world, handling 2.01 million tonnes of cargo in 2019. The total number of commercial aircraft movements decreased by 1.0% from the previous year to 382,000 in 2019.[4]

In 2024, Changi Airport served 67.7 million passengers, recorded about 366,000 aircraft movement and moved 1.99 million tons of air freight.[10]

The airport has won over 680 awards since its opening, including 28 "Best Airport" awards in 2019 alone.[19] Changi Airport's efforts to mitigate the effects of ageing infrastructure include continual physical upgrades to its existing terminals and building new facilities to maintain its high standards in airport service quality.[20]


History

Singapore Airlines Airbus A300 at Changi in 1983

Conception

Prior to Changi, Singapore's main international airport was located at Paya Lebar. It had opened in 1955 with a single runway and a small passenger terminal, having itself replaced the previous Kallang Airport that began operations in 1937. The decision to move the airport from Paya Lebar to Changi was based on a number of factors.[21] With the growth in global aviation transport, the airport was facing congestion problems. Its inability to cope with the rising traffic became critical by the 1970s; annual passenger numbers rose dramatically from 300,000 in 1955 to 1.7 million in 1970 and to 4 million in 1975. As a result, there was a need to accommodate the growing demand for air travel, the desire to establish Singapore as a global aviation hub, and the need to modernise the country's air transport infrastructure.[22]

The Singaporean government had two options – expand the existing airport at Paya Lebar or build a new airport at another location. After extensive studies, a decision was made in 1972 to keep the airport at Paya Lebar, as recommended by aviation consultants. Plans were made for the building of a second runway and an extensive redevelopment and expansion to the passenger terminal building. A year later, however, the plans were reviewed again as the pressure to expand the airport eased because of the 1973 oil crisis.[22]

Concerned that the existing airport was located in an area with potential for urban growth, which would physically hem it in on all sides, the government subsequently decided in 1975 to build a new airport at the eastern tip of the main island at Changi, at the existing site of Changi Air Base. However, as there was an increase in traffic, the airport still had to be expanded at that time. In addition, aircraft could fly over the sea, avoiding noise pollution issues within residential areas and avoid disastrous consequences on the ground in the event of an air mishap. Formerly known as the Singapore International Airport, the airport in Paya Lebar was subsequently converted for military use and renamed as Paya Lebar Air Base.[22]

Construction

The original master plan for Changi Airport involved constructing a dual-terminal and dual-runway configuration over two phases with provisions for another two passenger terminals in the future. Phase 1 included the construction for the first passenger terminal, the first runway reusing and upgrading the main runway of Changi Air Base, 45 aircraft parking bays, support facilities and structures, including a large maintenance hangar, a fire station, workshops and administrative offices, an airfreight complex, two cargo agents buildings, in-flight catering kitchens and an 80 m (260 ft) control tower. Construction for the second phase would commence immediately after the completion of Phase 1 and include the second runway, 23 new aircraft parking bays in addition to the existing 45 bays, a second fire station and a third cargo agent building.[22][23]

Changi Airport commenced commercial operations on 1 July 1981.[24] Its first flight, Singapore Airlines SQ101, touched down that day at 7:10:00am Singapore Time with 140 passengers from Kuala Lumpur.[24] It officially opened five months later on 29 December 1981. The airport ended its first year of operations with 12.1 million passengers, close to 200,000 tonnes of air freight handled and 63,100 aircraft movements. Subsequent phases opened progressively within the next few decades, with Terminal 2 opening for passenger traffic in 1990, Terminal 3 in 2008, and Terminal 4 in 2017. Terminal 5, which would be larger than all the previous terminals combined, is expected to open in 2030.[24]

Terminals

Passenger terminals

Changi Airport has four main passenger terminals arranged in an elongated inverted "U" shape with Jewel in the centre of the "U" shape. Currently, the airport has a designed total annual handling capacity of 85 million passengers.[25]

Terminal Date of opening Location
Terminal 1 1 July 1981[26] Northern end
Terminal 2 22 November 1990[27] Eastern end
Terminal 3 9 January 2008[28][29] Western end
Terminal 4 31 October 2017[30] Southern end
Terminal 5 2030s Southern end

There is also a privately run luxury terminal called the JetQuay CIP Terminal. It is similar to the Lufthansa First Class Terminal at Frankfurt Airport, but is open to all passengers travelling in all classes on all airlines with an access fee.[31]

The short-lived Budget Terminal was opened on 26 March 2006 and closed on 25 September 2012 to make way for Terminal 4.

Terminal 5 is currently under construction, along with a third runway. The new terminal is expected to be completed by 2030.[32]

Future terminals and projects

Terminal 5 is anticipated to be operational by the mid-2030s, to meet an anticipated doubling of volume by the 2040s. It is expected to handle 50 million passenger movements per annum.[33] The airport terminal structure is projected to be larger than all the previous terminals combined. It will be built on reclaimed land to the east of the present terminals. It will be partially funded through an increased levy.[34] KPF Singapore with Heatherwick Studio, Architects 61, and DP Architects will provide architectural services. Arup Singapore, Mott MacDonald Singapore and Surbana Jurong Consultants will provide engineering services. The former Transport Minister Khaw Boon Wan said that the Changi Terminal 5 project was delayed by at least 2 years as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[35]

Mixed-use facilities

The Rain Vortex at Jewel Changi Airport

Jewel Changi Airport, which opened on 17 April 2019, is a nature-themed entertainment and retail complex interconnecting Terminals 1, 2 and 3.[36] Announced in 2013, it is a new terminal-like structure that is intended to simultaneously be a mixed-use complex.[37] It is situated on a 3.5-hectare site where the Terminal 1 car park used to reside, which has since been moved underground. Jewel was developed by Jewel Changi Airport Trustee Pte Ltd, a joint venture between Changi Airport Group and CapitaLand, through its wholly owned shopping mall business, CapitaLand Mall Asia.[38] The project cost S$1.7 billion.[39]

Part of this project was planned to help expand Terminal 1 to handle 24 million passengers per year by 2018 with stand-alone check-in facilities and lounges, making it an unofficial terminal on its own.[40] The Indoor Waterfall (named "Rain Vortex") in the structure holds the World Record for the tallest indoor waterfall in the world.[41]

Cargo terminal

The Air Cargo Division of the Changi Airport Group (CAG) manages the Changi Airfreight Centre[42] located in the north of the airport premises.[43] The airport handled 1.81 million tonnes of air cargo in 2012, making it the 7th busiest airfreight hub in the world and the fifth busiest in Asia.[44] Due to Singapore's large electronics sector, electrical components constitute a significant part of the total cargo traffic handled at the airport. Changi airport has initiated attempts to expand into the perishable air cargo market. In 2015, Changi Airport handled 1,853,087 tonnes of air freight. Air Cargo World awarded the 2013 Air Cargo Excellence Award to Changi Airport for handling more than 1,000,000 tonnes of cargo in Asia.[45]

The airport handled 2,006,300 tonnes of cargo in 2016, making it the 13th top cargo airport in the world and the sixth in the Asia Pacific region.[46]

In 2017, the airport handled 2,125,226 tonnes of cargo. The top five cargo markets for the airport were China, Australia, Hong Kong, United States and India.[47]

In 2024, Changi handled 1,990,000 tons of cargo.[10]


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Operations

Terminal 2 check-in area
Terminal 3 airside area
Aerial view of Singapore Changi Airport. The forested area to the right of the airfield has since been cleared for Terminal 5.


Airlines and destinations

Passenger

شركات الطيرانالوجهاتRefs.
Air Busan Charter: Busan (ends 30 January 2019)[48][49]
Air China Beijing–Capital, Chengdu, Yinchuan
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India Chennai, Delhi, Mumbai
Air India Express Bengaluru, Chennai, Coimbatore, Kochi, Madurai, Tiruchirappalli[50]
Air Mauritius Kuala Lumpur–International, Mauritius
Air New Zealand Auckland
Seasonal: Christchurch (resumes 1 December 2019)
[51]
Air Niugini Port Moresby
AirAsia Ipoh, Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuching, Langkawi, Miri, Penang[52]
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Airlines Seoul–Incheon
Bangkok Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Koh Samui
Batik Air Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
Biman Bangladesh Airlines Dhaka
British Airways London–Heathrow, Sydney
Cathay Pacific Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hong Kong
Cebu Pacific Cebu, Clark, Davao, Iloilo, Manila
China Airlines Kaohsiung, Surabaya, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Kunming, Quanzhou, Shanghai–Pudong, Yantai
China Southern Airlines Guangzhou
Delta Air Lines Tokyo–Narita
Druk Air Guwahati, Paro
Eastar Jet Busan (begins 17 January 2019; ends 8 February 2019)[53]
Emirates Brisbane, Dubai–International, Melbourne
Ethiopian Airlines Addis Ababa, Kuala Lumpur–International
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
EVA Air Taipei–Taoyuan
Fiji Airways Nadi
Finnair Helsinki
Garuda Indonesia Bandung, Denpasar/Bali, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Surabaya, Tanjung Pandan[54][55]
GX Airlines Nanning
Hainan Airlines Haikou[56]
Hebei Airlines Hangzhou, Shijiazhuang
IndiGo Bengaluru, Chennai, Kolkata, Tiruchirappalli, Vijayawada[57]
Indonesia AirAsia Bandung, Denpasar/Bali, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Semarang, Yogyakarta
Japan Airlines Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Jet Airways Bengaluru, Delhi, Mumbai, Pune[58]
Jetstar Airways Denpasar/Bali, Melbourne, Perth
Jetstar Asia Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Clark, Da Nang, Darwin, Denpasar/Bali, Haikou, Hat Yai, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Kuala Lumpur–International, Manila, Medan, Naha, Osaka–Kansai, Palembang, Pekanbaru, Penang, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Sanya, Shantou, Siem Reap, Surabaya, Taipei–Taoyuan, Yangon[59][60]
Jetstar Pacific Airlines Ho Chi Minh City
Juneyao Airlines Shanghai–Pudong (begins 1 February 2019)[61][62]
KLM Amsterdam, Denpasar/Bali
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon
Lion Air Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin[63][64]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Malaysia Airlines Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuching
Malindo Air Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur–International[65]
Myanmar Airways International Yangon
Myanmar National Airlines Mandalay, Yangon
Norwegian Air Shuttle London–Gatwick (ends 12 January 2019)[66]
Philippine Airlines Manila
Philippines AirAsia Cebu
Qantas Brisbane, London–Heathrow, Melbourne, Perth, Sydney[67]
Qatar Airways Doha
Regent Airways Dhaka
Royal Brunei Airlines Bandar Seri Begawan
Saudia Jeddah
Scoot Amritsar, Athens, Bengaluru (ends 16 May 2019), Bangkok–Don Mueang, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Berlin–Tegel, Cebu, Chennai, Chiang Mai, Clark, Coimbatore (begins 27 October 2019), Dalian, Denpasar/Bali, Dhaka, Gold Coast, Guangzhou, Haikou, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Harbin, Hat Yai, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Honolulu (ends 30 May 2019), Hyderabad, Ipoh, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Jeddah, Jinan, Kalibo, Kaohsiung, Kochi (ends 25 October 2019), Krabi, Kota Kinabalu (begins 3 December 2019), Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuantan, Kuching, Langkawi, Lucknow, Macau, Malé, Manila, Melbourne, Nanchang, Nanjing, Nanning, Ningbo, Osaka–Kansai, Palembang, Pekanbaru, Penang, Perth, Phuket, Qingdao, Quanzhou, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Surabaya, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Thiruvananthapuram (begins 7 May 2019), Tianjin, Tiruchirapalli, Tokyo–Narita, Vientiane (begins 1 April 2019), Visakhapatnam (begins 27 October 2019), Wuxi, Xi'an, Zhengzhou[68][69][70][71][72]
Shandong Airlines Jinan[73]
Shenzhen Airlines Nanchang, Shenzhen[74]
Sichuan Airlines Chengdu
SilkAir Balikpapan, Bandung, Bengaluru, Cairns, Cebu, Changsha, Chengdu, Chennai, Chiang Mai (ends 26 October 2019), Chongqing, Coimbatore (ends 26 October 2019), Colombo, Da Nang, Darwin, Davao, Denpasar/Bali, Fuzhou, Guilin, Hanoi, Hiroshima, Hyderabad, Kathmandu, Kochi, Koh Samui, Kolkata, Kota Kinabalu (ends 2 December 2019), Kuala Lumpur–International, Kunming, Lombok, Luang Prabang, Makassar, Malé, Manado, Mandalay, Medan, Penang, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Semarang, Shenzhen, Siem Reap, Surabaya, Thiruvananthapuram (ends 6 May 2019), Vientiane (ends 31 March 2019), Visakhapatnam (ends 25 October 2019), Wuhan, Xiamen, Yangon, Yogyakarta[70][71][72]
SilkAir
operated for Air Timor
Dili
Singapore Airlines Adelaide, Ahmedabad, Amsterdam, Auckland, Bandar Seri Begawan, Bengaluru, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Beijing–Capital, Brisbane, Canberra, Cape Town, Chennai, Christchurch, Colombo, Copenhagen, Delhi, Denpasar/Bali, Dhaka, Dubai–International, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Guangzhou, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Houston–Intercontinental, Ho Chi Minh City, Istanbul–Atatürk, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Johannesburg–O.R. Tambo, Kolkata, Kuala Lumpur–International, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Malé, Manchester, Manila, Melbourne, Milan–Malpensa, Moscow–Domodedovo, Mumbai, Munich, Nagoya–Centrair, Newark, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Perth, Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Seattle/Tacoma (begins 3 September 2019), Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Stockholm–Arlanda, Surabaya, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Wellington, Yangon, Zürich
Seasonal: Sapporo–Chitose
[75]
Spring Airlines Shanghai–Pudong
SriLankan Airlines Colombo
Swiss International Air Lines Zürich
Thai AirAsia Bangkok–Don Mueang, Chiang Rai (begins 31 January 2019), Krabi, Phuket[76]
Thai Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Thai Lion Air Bangkok–Don Mueang
Turkish Airlines Istanbul–Atatürk (ends 2 December 2019), Istanbul (begins 3 March 2019)
United Airlines San Francisco[77]
US-Bangla Airlines Dhaka
Uzbekistan Airways Kuala Lumpur–International, Tashkent
VietJet Air Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
West Air Chongqing, Urumqi
XiamenAir Dalian, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Xi'an
A Lufthansa Boeing 747-400 taxiing. (2007)
A Singapore Airlines Boeing 777-300ER pushing back from the gate. (2011)
A Silk Air Airbus A320 taxiing. (2011)
An Emirates Boeing 777-300ER parked at Terminal 1. (2005)


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cargo

شركات الطيرانالوجهات
AirBridgeCargo Hong Kong, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Phnom Penh[78][79]
Air Hong Kong Hong Kong[80]
ANA Cargo Hong Kong, Naha[81]
Asiana Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hanoi, Penang, Seoul–Incheon
ASL Airlines Belgium Liège, Shanghai–Pudong
Cardig Air Balikpapan, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta[82]
Cargolux Anchorage, Baku, Chicago–O'Hare, Doha, Ho Chi Minh City, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur–International, Luxembourg
Cathay Pacific Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hanoi, Hong Kong, Penang
China Airlines Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Manila, Penang, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Cargo Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Chengdu, Shanghai–Pudong
DHL Aviation Anchorage, Cincinnati, Hong Kong, Leipzig/Halle,[83] Seoul–Incheon[84]
Emirates SkyCargo Dubai–Al Maktoum,[85] Melbourne, Sydney
Etihad Cargo[86][87] Abu Dhabi, Brisbane, Sydney
EVA Air Cargo Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hanoi, Hong Kong,[88] Penang, Taipei–Taoyuan[89]
FedEx Express Anchorage, Guangzhou, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Memphis, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Shanghai–Pudong, Sydney,[90] Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong[91]
K-Mile Air Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[92]
Korean Air Cargo Hanoi, Penang, Seoul–Incheon
My Indo Airlines Balikpapan, Jakarta–Halim Perdanakusuma, Surabaya[93]
Neptune Air Kuala Lumpur–International[94]
Nippon Cargo Airlines Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
Raya Airways Kuala Lumpur–Subang
SF Airlines Shenzhen
Silk Way West Airlines Baku,[95] Dubai–Al Maktoum,[96] Kuala Lumpur–International[97]
Singapore Airlines Cargo Adelaide, Amsterdam, Auckland, Bengaluru, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Brussels, Chennai, Coimbatore, Chicago–O'Hare, Copenhagen, Dallas/Fort Worth, Hanoi,[98] Hong Kong, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta, Johannesburg–OR Tambo, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Medan, Melbourne, Mumbai, Nairobi–Jomo Kenyatta, Nanjing, Sharjah, Sydney
Transmile Air Services Kuala Lumpur–International, Labuan
Tri-MG Intra Asia Airlines Balikpapan, Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
Turkish Airlines Cargo Istanbul–Atatürk, Karachi
UPS Airlines Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan

إحصائيات التشغيل

Singapore Changi Airport – passenger movements (1998–2015)
Singapore Changi Airport – airfreight movements (1998–2015)
Singapore Changi Airport – aircraft movements (1998–2015)
إحصائيات التشغيل
السنة حركة
المسافرين
Passenger %
change over
previous year
حركة
الشحن
(طن)
Airfreight %
change over
previous year
حركة
الطائرات
تغير الطائرات %
عن
العام السابق
1998 23,803,180 مستقر 0.0 1,283,660 مستقر 0.0 165,242 مستقر 0.0
1999 26,064,645 9.5 1,500,393 16.8 165,961 0.4
2000 28,618,200 9.8 1,682,489 12.1 173,947 4.8
2001 28,093,759 Decrease 1.83 1,507,062 Decrease 11.6 179,359 3.1
2002 28,979,344 3.2 1,637,797 8.7 174,820 Decrease 2.5
2003 24,664,137 Decrease 14.9 1,611,407 Decrease 1.6 154,346 Decrease 11.7
2004 30,353,565 23.0 1,775,092 10.1 184,932 19.8
2005 32,430,856 6.8 1,833,721 3.3 204,138 10.3
2006 35,033,083 8.0 1,931,881 5.4 214,000 4.8
2007 36,701,556 4.8 1,918,159 Decrease 0.7 221,000 3.3
2008 37,694,824 2.7 1,883,894 Decrease 1.8 232,000 5.0
2009 37,203,978 Decrease 1.3 1,633,791 Decrease 15.3 240,360 3.6
2010 42,038,777 13.0 1,813,809 11.0 263,593 9.7
2011 46,543,845 10.7 1,865,252 2.8 301,711 14.5
2012 51,181,804 10.0 1,806,225 Decrease 3.2 324,722 7.6
2013 53,726,087 5.0 1,850,233 2.4 343,800 5.9
2014 54,093,070 0.8 1,843,799 Decrease 0.3 341,386 Decrease 0.7
2015 55,448,964 2.5 1,853,087 0.5 346,334 1.5
2016 58,698,039 5.9 1,969,434 6.3 360,490 4.1
2017 62,219,573 6.0 2,125,226 7.9 373,201 3.5
المصادر:[99][100][101][102][103][104][105]
حركة المسافرين في مطار تشانگي 1998–2017 (millions)
Updated: 4 April 2018

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Runway 02L is 4,000 m (13,000 ft) and 20R is 3,260 m (10,700 ft) with a displaced threshold of 740 m (2,430 ft). Thus aircraft landing on 20R will have to avoid touching down on the displaced threshold but may use it for departures.
  2. ^ Runway 02R/20L is solely for use by the Republic of Singapore Air Force (see Changi Air Base).[3] It will be available for commercial use in the future

Citations

  1. ^ The Official Site of. Changi Airport Group. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
  2. ^ "FedEx opens flagship Asia hub". Singapore's Changi Airport. Aircargonews.net. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
  3. ^ "Singapore Changi Airport – Updated Information and Data for Runway 02R/20L" (PDF). AIP Singapore. Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore. 22 June 2018.
  4. ^ أ ب ت "Passenger, airfreight & aircraft movements statistics for 2017". Changi Airport Group. 23 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018. خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صالح؛ الاسم "Changi Airport" معرف أكثر من مرة بمحتويات مختلفة.
  5. ^ "Airlines | Changi Airport Group". www.changiairport.com (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  6. ^ "Regulations". caas.gov.sg. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  7. ^ "Singapore Airlines | Boeing | Malaysia Airlines | 2004 | 09 – 0311 | Flight Archive". 2014-03-22. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  8. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Fedex
  9. ^ "SIA-ANA pact will pave way for more flights, Japan destinations for Singapore consumers". The Straits Times. Singapore Airlines, All Nippon Airways. 31 January 2020. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 31 January 2020.
  10. ^ أ ب ت Loi, Esther (29 Jan 2025). "Changi Airport's 2024 passenger traffic hit 99.1% of pre-pandemic levels". The Straits Times. Retrieved 29 Jan 2025.
  11. ^ "Changi Airport's 2024 passenger traffic hit 99.1% of pre-pandemic levels". The Straits Times (in الإنجليزية). 2025-01-22. Archived from the original on 2025-01-23. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
  12. ^ "Busiest Airports in the World 2024 | OAG". www.oag.com (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-01-28.
  13. ^ "The World's Cleanest Airports 2024". SKYTRAX (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-01-28.
  14. ^ "The World's Top 10 Airports of 2024". SKYTRAX (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-01-28.
  15. ^ "The World's Best Airport Hotels 2024". SKYTRAX (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-01-28.
  16. ^ "Singapore ICAO Location Finder". www.notams.faa.gov. Archived from the original on 2024-08-11. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  17. ^ "Changi Air Base - Singapore". World Airport Codes (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  18. ^ "WSAC/Singapore/Changi Air Base East General Airport Information". acukwik.com. Retrieved 2025-02-01.
  19. ^ "Our Pride". Changi Airport Group. 8 February 2020. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
  20. ^ In 2019 the airport has installed one of the first drone detection systems "AARTOS". "A record 51 million passengers for Changi Airport in 2012" (PDF). Changaiairportgroup.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  21. ^ Redwan, Raiz (2023-06-18). "Paya Lebar Airport - The International Airport Before Changi That Only Operated For 26 Years". TheSmartLocal - Singapore's Leading Travel and Lifestyle Portal (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). Retrieved 2024-05-30.
  22. ^ أ ب ت ث "Singapore Changi Airport turns 40 years old". A Visual History of the World's Great Airports (in الإنجليزية). 1 July 2021. Archived from the original on 26 November 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  23. ^ "Some Facts on Changi Airport". Singapore Changi Airport. Archived from the original on 1 January 2007. Retrieved 3 November 2006.
  24. ^ أ ب ت Muliani Tan, Bonny (2001). "Changi International Airport". singaporeInfopedia. National Library Board Singapore. Archived from the original on 24 نوفمبر 2023. Retrieved 19 يوليو 2024.
  25. ^ Reid, Jenni (17 July 2019). "The big picture: 40 years of Singapore Changi". Business Traveller (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  26. ^ "Changi Airport Infopedia". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 30 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  27. ^ "First 137 passengers take off from Terminal 2". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 30 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  28. ^ "T3 Takes Off". eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Archived from the original on 8 November 2019. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  29. ^ migration (2014-07-25). "Flashback Friday: Changi Airport Terminal 3 officially opened on July 25, 2008". The Straits Times (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  30. ^ "Terminal 4 Breaks New Ground for Changi | Changi Airport Group". www.changiairport.com (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  31. ^ "JetQuay". www.jetquay.com.sg. Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 2020-05-31.
  32. ^ "Changi Airport to open Terminal 4 on Oct 31; 9 airlines to operate from new terminal". The Straits Times. 6 September 2017. Archived from the original on 8 October 2017. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  33. ^ "Changi Airport's Terminal 5 ready in mid-2020s". Yahoo News Singapore. 30 August 2013. Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  34. ^ "Changi Airport passengers to pay new levy to fund developments including T5". Channel NewsAsia. 28 February 2018. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
  35. ^ Toh, Ting Wei (2021-06-16). "Coronavirus: Changi Airport T5 construction to be "paused" for at least 2 years, says Khaw". The Straits Times (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 16 June 2020. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
  36. ^ "Jewel Changi Airport to open on April 17". The Straits Times. 2019-03-06. Archived from the original on 2019-03-07. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  37. ^ "Changi Airport Group to develop iconic mixed-use complex". Changi Airport Group. 19 August 2013. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  38. ^ migration (2013-12-20). "Project Jewel at Changi Airport to cost $1.47b". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 2018-01-17. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  39. ^ Karamjit Kaur (2014-12-05). "Work on Changi Airport's Jewel project and T1 expansion begins". The Straits Times (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 2018-01-17. Retrieved 2018-01-09.
  40. ^ "Singapore Changi Airport breaks new ground with Jewel" (PDF). 2014-12-07. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 December 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  41. ^ "What goes on behind the world's tallest indoor waterfall?". changiairport.com. November 2020.
  42. ^ "Changi Airfreight Centre". Changi Airport Group. Archived from the original on 30 September 2015.
  43. ^ "Our Divisions". Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS). Archived from the original on 26 September 2006. Retrieved 3 November 2006.
  44. ^ "Year to date International Freight Traffic". Airports Council International. 19 March 2012. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012.
  45. ^ "2013 Awards". Air Cargo World. 2013. Archived from the original on 28 August 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
  46. ^ "Air Cargo. Still the Cinderella of the airline business – CAPA's top 20 cargo airports". CAPA – Centre for Aviation. Archived from the original on 22 December 2017. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  47. ^ "A record 62.2 million passengers for Changi Airport in 2017". www.changiairport.com. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
  48. ^ "Air Busan to operate Busan-Singapore charter service in Jan-2019". centreforaviation.com. Retrieved 15 November 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  49. ^ "Air Busan adds Singapore charters in Jan 2019". Routesonline. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  50. ^ "Air India Express adds Bangalore – Singapore from late-Oct 2018". Routesonline. 28 September 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  51. ^ "Daily Air New Zealand flights from Christchurch to Singapore to take off in 2019". TVNZ.co.nz. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
  52. ^ "AirAsia to commence Ipoh-Singapore service in Dec-2018". centreforaviation.com. Retrieved 23 October 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  53. ^ "[International Flight] Notice on New Flights for Busan-Singapore Route (PUS-SIN)". eastarjet.com. Retrieved 24 December 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  54. ^ "Garuda Indonesia to commence Tanjung Pandan-Singapore service in Oct-2018". centreforaviation.com. Retrieved 15 October 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  55. ^ "Fly Non-Stop to the Wonders of Bandung – Garuda Indonesia". garuda-indonesia.com.
  56. ^ "Hainan Airlines plans to resume Haikou – Singapore from late-Nov 2018". routesonline. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
  57. ^ "Vijayawada to Singapore IndiGo flights from Dec 4". @businessline. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
  58. ^ "direct Singapore flight: Jet to start direct Singapore flight from December 1 | Pune News". The Times of India. 13 December 2005. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  59. ^ "Jetstar Asia Will Soon Have Direct Flights Between Singapore and Clark, Pampanga". tripzilla.com. Retrieved 25 September 2017. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  60. ^ "Jetstar launches direct flights from Singapore to Hat Yai". Channel NewsAsia. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  61. ^ Toh, Mavis (30 November 2018). "PICTURES: Juneyao plans international boost with 787s". Flightglobal. Retrieved 30 November 2018.
  62. ^ "Juneyao Air to launch daily Shanghai Pudong-Singapore service with Boeing 787 aircraft – Blue Swan Daily". blueswandaily.com. Retrieved 3 December 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  63. ^ "Direct connection to Singapore". lot.com. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  64. ^ 2017, UBM (UK) Ltd. "LOT Polish Airlines resumes Singapore service from May 2018". Routesonline. {{cite web}}: |last1= has numeric name (help)
  65. ^ "Malindo Air adds scheduled Kota Kinabalu – Singapore service from August 2018". routesonline. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
  66. ^ Noakes, Gary (7 September 2018). "Norwegian to ditch Gatwick-Singapore but add Rio". TTG Media Limited. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
  67. ^ "Qantas ditches Dubai, returns A380 to Sydney-Singapore-London". Australian Business Traveller. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  68. ^ "SIA replaces Scoot flights to Bengaluru with the new A350 Regional". Mainly Miles. 12 December 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
  69. ^ "Scoot ends Hawaii service in late-May 2019". Routesonline. Retrieved 22 November 2018.
  70. ^ أ ب 2018, UBM (UK) Ltd. "Scoot / Silk Air 2019 network adjustment as of 30NOV18". Routesonline. {{cite web}}: |last1= has numeric name (help)
  71. ^ أ ب "Scoot adds Vishakhapatnam service in W19". Routesonline. Retrieved 14 December 2018.
  72. ^ أ ب https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/282318/scoot-assumes-silk-air-laos-service-from-april-2019/
  73. ^ "Shandong Airlines plans Jinan – Singapore route in Dec 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  74. ^ "Shenzhen Airlines plans Nanchang – Singapore service from Jan 2019". Routesonline. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
  75. ^ "Singapore Airlines To Fly Non-Stop To Seattle". singaporeair.com. Retrieved 1 November 2018. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  76. ^ "AirAsia Launches 4 Routes in a Row, Flying from Chiang Rai to Phuket, Macao, Singapore and Kuala Lumpur". AirAsia Newsroom. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
  77. ^ https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/united-focused-on-second-singapore-san-francisco-fl-452521/
  78. ^ "AirBridgeCargo Airlines debuts at Singapore Changi Airport with direct freighter flights from Moscow".
  79. ^ "AirBridgeCargo is on its way developing services in Asia | Company news | Media Centre | AirBridgeCargo". airbridgecargo.com. Archived from the original on 12 July 2016. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  80. ^ "Air HongKong". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  81. ^ "ANA Cargo International Timetable & Connections" (PDF). ANA Cargo.
  82. ^ "Cardig Air Scheduled Timetable". Cardigair.com. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  83. ^ "2013 summer schedule". Aero Logic. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
  84. ^ "Polar Air Cargo Worldwide launches new freighter service to Singapore" (PDF). Changaiairportgroup.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  85. ^ "Emirates SkyCargo Freighter Operations get ready for DWC move". Emirates SkyCargo. 2 April 2014.
  86. ^ "Etihad Cargo Flight Schedule" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 أبريل 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  87. ^ "Etihad Cargo operates Boeing 777F to Singapore" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 أكتوبر 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  88. ^ "EVA Air flight BR6052". Flightradar24.
  89. ^ "EVA Air Cargo Flight Schedule" (PDF). evaair.com. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  90. ^ "FedEx Express Launches Sydney-Singapore Flight To Support Australian Business Growth". FedEx. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
  91. ^ "Hong Kong Airlines Cargo". Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  92. ^ "K – Mile Asia". k-mile.com.
  93. ^ "New Route From Surabaya to Singapore". My Indo Airlines. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  94. ^ "Neptune Air". neptuneair.com. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help)
  95. ^ "Silk Way West Airlines flight 7L633". Flightradar24.
  96. ^ "Silk Way West Airlines flight 7L634". Flightradar24.
  97. ^ "Silk Way West Airlines flight 7L671". Flightradar24.
  98. ^ "Singapore Airlines Cargo to commence Singapore-Hanoi freighter service in Nov-2014". CAPA. 14 November 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  99. ^ "2011 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 20 January 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  100. ^ "2012 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 31 January 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  101. ^ "2013 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 28 January 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 30 March 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  102. ^ "2014 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics" (PDF). Changi Airport Group. 29 January 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  103. ^ "2015 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". Changi Airport Group. 27 January 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  104. ^ "2016 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". Changi Airport Group. 30 January 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  105. ^ "2017 Singapore Changi Airport Statistics". Changi Airport Group. 23 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2018.

Bibliography

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Airports in Singapore قالب:Changi Airport قالب:Future developments in Singapore