صالح بريشا

صالح بريشا Sali Berisha
رئيس وزراء ألبانيا رقم 34
في المنصب 11 سبتمبر 2005 – 15 سبتمبر 2013
الرئيس	ألفرد مويسيو بامير توپي بويار نيشاني
نائب	Ilir Rusmali Gazmend Oketa Genc Pollo Ilir Meta Edmond Haxhinasto Myqerem Tafaj
سبقه	فاتوس نانو
خلفه	إدي راما
رئيس ألبانيا
في المنصب 9 April 1992 – 24 July 1997
رئيس الوزراء	Vilson Ahmeti Aleksandër Meksi Bashkim Fino
سبقه	رامز عليا
خلفه	رجپ ميداني
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد	15 أكتوبر 1944 Viçidol, ألبانيا
الحزب	حزب العمل (1968) الحزب الديمقراطي (1991–الحاضر)
الجامعة الأم	جامعة تيرانا
التوقيع

الپروفسور دكتور صالح بريشا Sali Berisha ، (النطق الألباني: [saˈli bɛˈɾiʃa]؛ وُلِد 15 أكتوبر 1944) هو طبيب قلب ألباني وسياسي عمل رئيساً لألبانيا من 1992 حتى 1997 ورئيس الوزراء من 2005 حتى 2013. He was also the leader of the Democratic Party of Albania twice, from 1991 to 1992 and then again from 1997 to 2013. To date, Berisha is the longest-serving democratically-elected leader and the only President of Albania elected to a second term.

Berisha was already a prominent intellectual in 1990 when, after the fall of the Berlin Wall, he called for the abolition of the one-party state and transition to democracy. A former secretary of the committee of the Party of Labor in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Tirana, he abandoned his career as a cardiologist and university professor to become the leader of the Democratic Party in the 1990s. From 1992, after the fall of communism, he served as the President of Albania until his government collapsed in 1997 in the wake of the collapse of notorious pyramid schemes. From 1997 to 2005, Albania was governed by the Socialist Party (PS) for two mandates, while he stayed in opposition.

In 2005, the Democratic Party won the general elections, and he became the Prime Minister after his coalition formed the new government. In 2009, he was re-elected Prime Minister, after the Democrats obtained a narrow win in the general elections but were forced into a coalition with the Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) through not winning enough seats on its own for the first time since the start of multi-party democracy in 1991.

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 النشأة والعمل السياسي

Berisha was born in Viçidol, Tropojë District, Kukës County, northern Albania, near the border with Kosovo to Ram and Sheqere Berisha. He studied medicine at the University of Tirana, graduating in 1967. He specialized in cardiology and was subsequently appointed as an assistant professor of medicine at the same university and as staff cardiologist at the Tirana General Hospital. At the same time, Berisha became a member of a discussion forum for changes in the Albanian Party of Labor while having been enrolled as a member a few years earlier. Apart from his native Albanian, he speaks English, Italian and French fluently. During the 1970s, Berisha gained distinction as the leading researcher in the field of cardiology in Albania and became professor of cardiology at the University of Tirana. In 1978 he received a United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural (UNESCO) fellowship for nine months of advanced study and training in Paris.

He also conducted a research program on hemodynamics that attracted considerable attention among his colleagues in Europe. In 1986 he was elected to be a member of the European Committee for Research on Medical Sciences, where he worked for the elaboration of scientific researches strategies for “Health for all”.

In an interview for the Albanian Writers League newspaper published also in the international press, Berisha demanded that the remaining barriers to freedom of thought and expression be ended, that Albanians be granted the right to travel freely within the country and abroad, and that Albania abandon its isolationist foreign policy. At an August 1990 meeting of the nation’s intellectuals convened by President Ramiz Alia, Berisha urged the Albanian Party of Labor (APL) to abolish the third article of the communist constitution which sanctioned that the Party of Labor had the hegemony of the Power, to recognize the Human Rights Charter, the drafting of a new democratic constitution, and to remove all monuments of Stalin in the country.

In an article published in the “Bashkimi” newspaper on 17 September 1990, Berisha condemned what he termed the “cosmetic reforms” of the Alia regime, which had only served to aggravate unrest within the nation. Without political pluralism, he argued, there could be no true democracy in Albania.

In December 1990, Berisha joined, on the very first day, a series of student demonstrations that forced the government to approve the establishment of a multi-party system. Berisha emerged as the leader of the Democratic Party of Albania (DP), the first and largest of the new opposition parties. It is interesting to note that all leading members of the party wore white coats during demonstrations. He was formally elected DP chairman in February 1991 at the party’s first national congress. He was elected member of Albania parliament in 1991, 1992, 1997, 2001 from the constituency of Kavajë.

 رئيساً للوزراء (2005-2013)

Sali Berisha and George W. Bush in Tirana, June 2007

Sali and Lirie Berisha with Barack and Michelle Obama, September 2009

Berisha has been described as a Muslim by many Western sources.

 انظر أيضاً

• قائمة رؤساء ألبانيا

 وصلات خارجية

• Archived version of Prime Ministerial Website
• "Supplier Under Scrutiny on Arms for Afghans", New York Times article
• "Sali Berisha" Query at Google Scholar
• Sali Berisha news (in Albanian)

مناصب حزبية
حزب جديد	Leader of the Democratic Party 1991–1992	تبعه إدوارد سلامي
سبقه Genc Pollo	Leader of the Democratic Party 1997–2013	تبعه لولزيم باشا
مناصب سياسية
سبقه رامز عليا	رئيس ألبانيا 1992–1997	تبعه رجپ ميداني
سبقه فاتوس نانو	رئيس وزراء ألبانيا 2005–2013	تبعه إدي راما