ساؤون الأعلى (إقليم فرنسي)

Coordinates: 47°35′N 06°00′E / 47.583°N 6.000°E / 47.583; 6.000
Haute-Saône
Hiôta-Sona (Arpitan)
Department of France
2016-09 - Étobon - 21.jpg
Pesmes et lOgnon.jpg
Le coin des pêcheurs à bucey les traves..JPG
2015-08 - Clairegoutte - 14.JPG
Anjeux Source du Planey 07.jpg
2016-09 - Corcelles (Haute-Saône) - 01.jpg
From top down, left to right: Étobon, the Ognon River in Pesmes, the Saône River in Bucey-lès-Traves, Clairegoutte, Source du Planey in Anjeux, view of the village of Corcelles in Saulnot
علم Haute-Saône
Flag
درع Haute-Saône
Coat of arms
Location of Haute-Saône in France
Location of Haute-Saône in France
الإحداثيات: 47°35′N 06°00′E / 47.583°N 6.000°E / 47.583; 6.000
CountryFrance
RegionBourgogne-Franche-Comté
PrefectureVesoul
SubprefectureLure
الحكومة
 • President of the Departmental CouncilYves Krattinger[1] (DVG)
المساحة
[1]
 • الإجمالي5٬360 كم² (2٬070 ميل²)
التعداد
 (يناير 2019)
 • الإجمالي235٬313
 • الترتيب85th
 • الكثافة44/km2 (110/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+1 (CET)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number70
Arrondissements2
Cantons17
Communes539
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2

ساؤون الأعلى (بالفرنسية Haute-Saône ؛ النطق الفرنسي: [ot soːn]  (Speaker Icon.svg استمع); Arpitan: Hiôta-Sona; English: Upper Saône) هو أحد أقاليم فرنسا in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of northeastern France. Named after the river Saône, it had a population of 235,313 in 2019.[2] Its prefecture is Vesoul; its sole subprefecture is Lure.

سمي بهذا الإسم نسبة لنهر ساؤون الأعلى المار خلاله.

التاريخ

The department was created in the early years of the French Revolution through the application of a law dated 22 December 1789, from part of the former province of Franche-Comté. The frontiers of the new department corresponded approximately to those of the old Bailiwick of Amont.

The department was also marked by the Franco-Prussian War with the battles of Héricourt, and Villersexel but also the proximity of the Siege of Belfort. The department welcomes Alsatians fleeing the annexation of Alsace-Lorraine.

The department has an important mining and industrial past (coal, salt, iron, lead-silver-copper mines, bituminous shale, stationery, spinning, weaving, forges, foundries, tileries, mechanical factories).

  • Emblematic industries of Haute-Saône
  • Arthur de Buyer Coal Mine (1.010 m) the deepest coal mine in France between 1900 and 1910

    Arthur de Buyer Coal Mine (1.010 m) the deepest coal mine in France between 1900 and 1910

  • Gouhenans Saltworks is one of the most important saltworks in France in the 19th century

    Gouhenans Saltworks is one of the most important saltworks in France in the 19th century

  • Interior view of the Varigney factory (Dampierre-lès-Conflans), the iron industry was developed until the middle of the 20th century

    Interior view of the Varigney factory (Dampierre-lès-Conflans), the iron industry was developed until the middle of the 20th century

  • Creveney bituminous shale distillation plant, a rare operation in France between the two world wars

    Creveney bituminous shale distillation plant, a rare operation in France between the two world wars


الجغرافيا

Haute-Saône is part of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, and is divided into 2 arrondissements and 17 cantons. Neighbouring departments are Côte-d'Or to the west, Haute-Marne to the north-west, Vosges to the north, Territoire de Belfort to the east, Doubs to the south and east and Jura to south.

The department can be presented as a transitional territory positioned between several of the more depressed departments of eastern France and the so-called Blue Banana zone characterised, in recent decades by relatively powerful economic growth.

  • Landscape
  • The country of Lure and the Vosges in the east of the department

    The country of Lure and the Vosges in the east of the department

  • Landscape in the southeast

    Landscape in the southeast

  • Ray-sur-Saône in the west of the department

    Ray-sur-Saône in the west of the department

الإقتصاد

The department is overwhelmingly rural, despite the area having been at the forefront of industrialisation in the eighteenth century. The industrial tradition endures, but industrial businesses tend to be on a small scale. In 2006 employment by economic sector was reported as follows:[3]

* Agriculture 4,919 employees
* Construction 4,504 employees
* Industrial sector 18,747 employees
* Service sector 44,865 employees

السكان

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1801291٬579—    
1821308٬171+0.28%
1831338٬910+0.96%
1841347٬627+0.25%
1851347٬469−0.00%
1861317٬183−0.91%
1872303٬088−0.41%
1881295٬905−0.27%
1891280٬856−0.52%
1901266٬605−0.52%
1911257٬606−0.34%
1921228٬348−1.20%
1931219٬257−0.41%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1936212٬829−0.59%
1946202٬573−0.49%
1954209٬303+0.41%
1962208٬440−0.05%
1968214٬176+0.45%
1975222٬254+0.53%
1982231٬962+0.61%
1990229٬650−0.13%
1999229٬732+0.00%
2006235٬867+0.38%
2011239٬695+0.32%
2016237٬242−0.21%
Sources:[4][5]

In common with many rural departments in France, Haute-Saône has experienced a savage reduction in population, from nearly 350,000 in the middle of the nineteenth century to barely 200,000 on the eve of the Second World War, as people migrated to newly industrialising population centres, often outside Metropolitan France.

During the second half of the twentieth century the mass mobility conferred by the surge in automobile ownership permitted some recovery of the population figure to approximately 234,000 in 2004.

Principal towns

The rural nature of the department is highlighted by the absence of large towns and cities. Even the department's capital, Vesoul, still has a population below 20,000. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants:[2]

Commune Population (2019)
Vesoul 14,914
Héricourt 10,646
Lure 8,046
Luxeuil-les-Bains 6,623
Gray 5,553

Politics

The president of the Departmental Council is Yves Krattinger, first elected in 2001.

Current National Assembly Representatives

Constituency Member[6] Party
Haute-Saône's 1st constituency Barbara Bessot Ballot La République En Marche!
Haute-Saône's 2nd constituency Christophe Lejeune La République En Marche!

Tourism

موضوعات متنوعة

انظر أيضاً


المصادر

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Franche-geo-stub

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in الفرنسية). 4 May 2022.
  2. ^ أ ب Populations légales 2019: 70 Haute-Saône, INSEE
  3. ^ Agreste Franche Comté : Agriculture
  4. ^ "Historique de la Haute-Saône". Le SPLAF.
  5. ^ "Évolution et structure de la population en 2016". INSEE.
  6. ^ Nationale, Assemblée. "Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français". Assemblée nationale.
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