رمز إغراء

According to the BBC, "Marilyn Monroe is perhaps Hollywood's most enduring sex symbol".[1]

رموز الإغراء sex symbols، هي شخصيات شهيرة من الجنسين، وعادة ما تكون في مجال التمثيل، الموسيقى، عرض الأزياء، الإعلام أو الرياضة، وتتتميز بالجاذبية الجنسية. وقد تختلف تلك الصفات من ثقافة لأخرى، ومن جيل لآخر. وبدأ إطلاق هذا اللقب في منتصف الخمسينيات لوصف نجوم هولويود، خاصة مارلين مونرو، وبريجيت باردو.[2] في حين ضمت القائمة منذ بداية التسعينيات مشاهير في مجالات أخرى مثل الغناء والموسيقي والرياضة.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

التاريخ

Elvis Presley and Madonna, both famous celebrities who have been considered sex symbols. The latter has attracted a great deal of scholarly analysis in this vein.
Hind Rostom, 1950s sex symbol of the Egyptian and middle eastern cinema

The term sex symbol was first used between the 1910s and 1920s to describe the first emerging film stars of the era. Movie studios have relied heavily on the looks and sex appeal of their actors to be able to attract audiences.[3][4] The use of this concept increased during World War II.[2] In the 20th century, sex symbols could be male as well as female: actors such as the romantic Sessue Hayakawa and the athletic Douglas Fairbanks were popular in the 1910s and 1920s. Archetypal screen lover Rudolph Valentino's death in 1926 caused mass hysteria among his female fans.[5][6] In Hollywood, many film stars were seen as sex symbols, such as Errol Flynn, Gary Cooper, and Clark Gable.

The "bad boy" image of the 1950s was epitomized by sex symbols such as James Dean and Marlon Brando,[7] and women like Marilyn Monroe, Jayne Mansfield, and French superstar Brigitte Bardot were seen as the archetype of the blonde bombshell.[8] While until the 1950s, the sex symbol was just seen as a sexual ideal, in the 1960s it was seen as a symbol of the emancipation of bodies and sexuality with the sexual revolution.[9]


Sports

In sports, many female athletes have become sex symbols.[10][11] Young males often prioritise female athlete's physiques over their performance.[12] Women are more likely to show more skin than men. [13] With Sports Illustrated being a main competition for ESPN, ESPN launched The Body Issue in 2009. The Body Issue caused controversies regarding perceived sexual objectification.[14] Sex appeal of female athletes is often used to promote their sport. During a Dan Patrick interview, Hope Solo expressed her concern over marketing of female athletes after she did The Body Issue.[15]

Fictional sex symbols

Rotten Tomatoes states that the 1930s cartoon character Betty Boop is "the first and most famous sex symbol on animated screen".[16] Jessica Rabbit (voiced by Kathleen Turner) from the 1988 live-action/animation crossover film Who Framed Roger Rabbit has been described as a sex symbol as well.[17] Video games have had several character that are considered sex symbols, such as Lara Croft,[18][19][20] who has had several appearances in mainstream media.

مشاهير الإغراء

العشرينيات وما قبلها

جوسفين بيكر. جوسفين بيكر.
جوسفين بيكر.
گريتا گاربو.

الثلاثينيات

كلارك گيبل. كلارك گيبل.
كلارك گيبل.
جين هارلو.

الأربعينيات

ريتا هيوارث. ريتا هيوارث.
ريتا هيوارث.
إنگريد برگمان.

الخمسينيات

مارلين مونرو عام 1962. مارلين مونرو عام 1962.
مارلين مونرو عام 1962.
إلڤيس پرسلي في أوائل السبيعينات.

الستينيات

شمس البارودي. شمس البارودي.
شمس البارودي.
جون ف. كندي.


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

السبعينيات

فرح فاوست. فرح فاوست.
فرح فاوست.
حسين فهمي.

الثمانينيات

مادونا. مادونا.
مادونا.
توم كروز.

التسعينيات

شارون ستون. شارون ستون.
شارون ستون.
پاملا أندرسون.

ع 2000

پاريس هيلتون. پاريس هيلتون.
پاريس هيلتون.
أشر.

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

  1. ^ "BBC World Service – Witness, The Death of Marilyn Monroe". BBC. 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  2. ^ أ ب ت ث ج Flexner, Stuart Berg; Soukhanov, Anne H. (1997). Speaking freely: a guided tour of American English from Plymouth Rock to Silicon Valley. Oxford University Press. p. 373. ISBN 019510692X. خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صالح؛ الاسم "Flexner" معرف أكثر من مرة بمحتويات مختلفة.
  3. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة pam
  4. ^ Williams, Gregory Paul (1990). The Story of Hollywood: An Illustrated History. B L Press. ISBN 978-0977629923.
  5. ^ Hutchinson, Pamela (22 February 2016). "Last of the red-hot myths: what gossip over Rudolph Valentino's sex life says about the silents". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  6. ^ "The Queen at 90: The key events of 1926, in pictures". The DailyTelegraph. 21 April 2016. Archived from the original on 2022-01-12. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  7. ^ Weinberg, Thomas S.; Newmahr, Staci, eds. (2014). Selves, Symbols, and Sexualities: An Interactionist Anthology: An Interactionist Anthology. Los Angeles: Sage Publications. ISBN 978-1483323893.
  8. ^ King, S. (2019). Marilyn Monroe and Jayne Mansfield. Blurb. ISBN 978-1388059033.
  9. ^ Bourget, Jean-Loup (1998). Hollywood, la norme et la marge. Armand Colin. ISBN 978-2200341763.
  10. ^ "Women Athletes as Sex Symbols". 6 November 2014.
  11. ^ Kane, Mary Jo (27 July 2011). "Sex Sells Sex, Not Women's Sports". {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  12. ^ Daniels, Elizabeth A.; Wartena, Heidi (2011). "Athlete or Sex Symbol: What Boys Think of Media Representations of Female Athletes". Sex Roles. 65 (7–8): 566–579. doi:10.1007/s11199-011-9959-7. S2CID 144467684.
  13. ^ "Sports Magazine Covers Sexualize Female Athletes". Pacific Standard.
  14. ^ "The ESPN Body Issue and The Illusion of Nudity-Based Empowerment".
  15. ^ "Hope Solo Talks About Effect of Sex Appeal in Marketing Female Athletes". 24 August 2011.
  16. ^ "Betty Boop: Boop Oop a Doop". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 30 December 2014.
  17. ^ "Amanda Knox Is Like Jessica Rabbit". Sky News. 27 September 2011.
  18. ^ Barboza, David (19 January 1998). "Video World Is Smitten by a Gun-Toting, Tomb-Raiding Sex Symbol". The New York Times.
  19. ^ "Channel 4 Top 100 Sex Symbols internet poll". Channel4.com. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
  20. ^ "Boom Raider". Telegraph. London. 24 June 2001. Archived from the original on 24 October 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
  21. ^ Jules-Rosette, Bennetta (2007). Josephine Baker in art and life: the icon and the image. Chicago: University of Illinois Press. p. 54. ISBN 0252031571.
  22. ^ "Theda Bara Sex Symbol:That Silent Film Vamp Drove Men Mad". The Atlanta Georgian. 1917.
  23. ^ Eyman, Scott. "Briefly a Movie Actress— Still a Potent Sex Symbol" New York Observer (December 18, 2006)
  24. ^ "1920s Sex Symbol Clara Bow". spaciousplanet.com. USA. 2008-11-05. Retrieved 2011-03-18.
  25. ^ Obituary Variety, November 6, 1968, page 71.
  26. ^ Fields, Armond (2008). "Lillian Russell: A Biography of America's Beauty". McFarland. p. 215. ISBN 978-0786438686.
  27. ^ "Rudolph Valentino: Style Icon". askmen.com. USA. 2009-10-22. Retrieved 2011-04-01.
  28. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر " xianet.net (February 6, 2012)
  29. ^ Caterson, Simon (10-06-2009). "Errol Flynn, man in tights". onlineopinion.com. Australia. Retrieved 2011-04-05. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ أ ب Gribben, Mark. "Lana Turner and Johnny Stompanato - Hollywood Homicide" TruTv website
  31. ^ Shimizu, Celine Parreñas. The hypersexuality of race: performing Asian/American women on screen and scene Duke University Press, 2007. ISBN 082234033X p.90
  32. ^ "A Tribute to Rita Hayworth". Classic movies. United States. 2008. Retrieved 2008. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  33. ^ Robert E. Johnson (July 23, 1981). "Lena Horne Burns Broadway With Hot Songs and Biting Rap". Jet. Vol. 60, no. 19. Johnson Publishing Company. pp. 54–60. ISSN 0021-5996.
  34. ^ Porter, Darwin (2005). Howard Hughes: Hell's Angel. Blood Moon Productions Ltd. p. 639. ISBN 0-974-81181-5.
  35. ^ "1940s sex symbol Jane Russell dies at 89". today.msnbc.msn.com. 3 February 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  36. ^ "The 100 Sexiest Movie Stars of All Time – 71. Gene Tierney". premiere.com. Retrieved 7 October 2010.
  37. ^ Linda Williams (2008), Screening sex, Duke University Press, ISBN 0-8223-4285-5, p.114.
  38. ^ " LA Times (February 6, 2012)
  39. ^ "Top 10 Sex Symbols of the 50s & 60s". Retrieved 6 February 2012.
  40. ^ Landazuri, Margarita. "How to Marry a Millionaire" on TCM.com
  41. ^ " Britannica (February 6, 2012)
  42. ^ "Amazing Grace: Why we'll always adore the divine Grace Kelly" The Independant (March 23, 2010)
  43. ^ "Gina Lollobrigida Biography". nndb.com. USA. 2007.
  44. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ " Channel4.com (February 6, 2012)
  45. ^ "Top 10 Sex Symbols of the 50s & 60s". Retrieved 6 February 2012.
  46. ^ " Entertainment Weekly (February 6, 2012)
  47. ^ Mallory, Peter. "Remembering Elizabeth Taylor, America's sweetheart and sex symbol for the older generation" NSBNEws.net (March 23, 2011)
  48. ^ King, Susan. "Mamie Van Doren is all dressed up" Los Angeles Times (January 1, 2011)
  49. ^ "Legendary Icons - Male Sex Symbols Through The Years". (c)2011. Retrieved 2011-12-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  50. ^ " in.lifestyle.yahoo.com (February 6, 2012)
  51. ^ Biond, Chris. "Fonda memories and the changing face of the sex symbol". Retrieved 3 March 2010.
  52. ^ "Top 10 Sex Symbols of the 50s & 60s". Retrieved 6 February 2012.
  53. ^ "BBC News – Sir Tom Jones on being a sex symbol". bbc.co.uk. 27 September 2010. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  54. ^ Smithson, Robert. "Eartha Kitt, Exotic Songstress and Actress, Dies at 81" Playbill.com (December 25, 2008)
  55. ^ Scott, Vernon. "Ann-Margret: Sex Symbol Who Stayed" Palm Beach Post (May 2, 1980)
  56. ^ "Legendary Icons - Male Sex Symbols Through The Years". (c)2011. Retrieved 2011-12-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  57. ^ "Raquel Welch". Cult Sirens. United States. 2009-06. Retrieved 2009-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help)
  58. ^ http://celebritywonder.ugo.com/html/catherinebach_trivia1.html
  59. ^ "Jacqueline Bisset" Los Angeles Times (ndg)
  60. ^ Bennetts, Leslie (2009-08-03). "Farrah Fawcett: America's Angel". Vanity Fair. United States. Retrieved 2009-08-03.
  61. ^ "Pam Grier". Cult Sirens. United States. 2003-06. Retrieved 2010-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= (help)
  62. ^ Janowitz, Tama (1987). "Sex as a Weapon". Spin. 3 (1): 57. ISSN 0886-3032. I'm a sex symbol in Italy. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  63. ^ "Tom Cruise". Askmen.com. Retrieved 6 February 2012.
  64. ^ "Bo Derek perfect 10: 80s sex symbol looks stunning at fashion party in Cologne". dailymail.co.uk. 4 February 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
  65. ^ Janowitz, Tama (1987). "Sex as a Weapon". Spin. 3 (1): 57. ISSN 0886-3032. I couldn't be a success without also being a sex symbol. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  66. ^ Green, Michelle (1985-02-04). "The Dish from Down Under: Mel Gibson's Sizzling Screen Presence Hides a Shy Family Man on the Run from His Own Sexcess". People Magazine. United States. Retrieved 1985-02-10. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  67. ^ VinCy Thomas. "Ecran Noir – Mickey Rourke". Ecrannoir.fr. Retrieved 2009-07-05.
  68. ^ Serena Kappes (2003-01-28). "Former TV sex symbol Heather Thomas is a screenwriter, activist, mom". CNN. Retrieved 2009-09-26.
  69. ^ "Pamela Anderson". msnbc.com. (c)2003. Retrieved 2010-12-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  70. ^ أ ب ت ث " Top 7: '90s Sex Symbols (February 6, 2012)
  71. ^ Access Hollywood (2010-05-14). "TV One Access: The Most Legendary Sex Symbols Of All Time!". Retrieved 2012-02-06.
  72. ^ "Legendary Icons - Male Sex Symbols Through The Years". (c)2011. Retrieved 2011-12-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  73. ^ "The 5: Sex Symbols Who Captivated a Decade". (c)2011. Retrieved 2011-02-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  74. ^ "Legendary Icons - Male Sex Symbols Through The Years". (c)2011. Retrieved 2011-12-21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  75. ^ "Leonardo DiCaprio". msnbc.com. (c)2003. Retrieved 2010-12-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  76. ^ " Dailymail.com (February 6, 2012)
  77. ^ " Superiorpics.com (February 6, 2012)
  78. ^ "Brad Pitt". msnbc.com. (c)2003. Retrieved 2010-12-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  79. ^ "Antonio, Party of One". marcusschenkenberg.eu.com. (c)2010. Retrieved 2012-02-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  80. ^ "Tupac Shakur". Vibe Ventures. (c)1997. Retrieved 2012-02-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  81. ^ "The Marcus Schenkenberg Interview". Advocate.com. (c)2009. Retrieved 2012-02-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  82. ^ "While the wife's away... As Katy Perry is hard at work, her husband Russell Brand enlists supermodel Cindy Crawford and sex symbol Sharon Stone to keep him company". Daily Mail. UK. 2011-9-23. Retrieved 2012-02-06. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  83. ^ "Denzel Washington: I never dreamed of being in Hollywood". http://www.metro.co.uk. (c)2010. Retrieved 2012-02-06. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
  84. ^ Larkin, Mike (2011-09-19). "She's in it to Win it! Kate Winslet arrives in Los Angeles for the Emmys". Vanity Fair. United States. Retrieved 2012-02-07.
  85. ^ "10 Hot Italian Actresses". Mademan.com. USA. April 2, 2010. Retrieved 2012. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  86. ^ http://articles.nydailynews.com/2011-03-04/entertainment/28673747_1_music-video-louboutins-floor
  87. ^ "The Most Legendary Sex Symbols Of All Time!". accesshollywood.com. USA. 2010. Retrieved 2010. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  88. ^ " IMDB.com (February 6, 2012)
  89. ^ "Christian Bale sick of sex symbol status". Thaiindian.com. Thailand. 2009. Retrieved 2009. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
  90. ^ Romanian Times (2009-11-13). "Italian Sex Symbol Monica Bellucci to star in movie in Bucharest". Retrieved 2010-10-20.
  91. ^ Leith, Sam. "Suddenly, Chelsea's a sex symbol" The Daily Telegraph (9 May 2002)
  92. ^ "Evening Express – Article – Cheryl Cole not comfortable with 'sex symbol' label". eveningexpress.co.uk. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
  93. ^ " ABClocalgo.com (February 6, 2012)
  94. ^ Chris Lee (September 23, 2009). "Megan Fox: Hollywood's outrageous it girl – Los Angeles Times". articles.latimes.com. Retrieved June 1, 2011. a sex symbol of the highest order
  95. ^ TvGuide.com http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/teri-hatcher/bio/176450. Retrieved February 6, 2012. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  96. ^ contactmusic.com. 2007-01-03 http://www.contactmusic.com/news/hilton-bemoans-sex-symbol-reputation_1017804. Retrieved Dec 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  97. ^ firestarter (2011-08-15). "Paris Hilton arrives in manila and will meet RP's Most Eligible Bachelor". Retrieved 2011-12-16.
  98. ^ Palmer, Martyn (2008-12-27). "Scarlett Johansson the reluctant sex symbol". The Times. London. Retrieved 2010-05-23.
  99. ^ "Jolie named 'sexiest person ever'". BBC. London. 2007-02-24. Retrieved 2007-02-24.
  100. ^ "Is Hugh Laurie the new George Clooney? The House actor on how he's set pulses racing as TV's moodiest medic". DailyMail. London. 2008-08-09. Retrieved 2012-02-07.
  101. ^ "8 Eye-Opening Twilight Scandals" Parade (June 29, 2010)
  102. ^ "Tony Parker 'Over' Eva Longoria's Sex Symbol Status http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,510723,00.html#ixzz1leu3a4gM" Fox news (March 26, 2009)
  103. ^ "Eva Mendes:"I just want to be known for things other than my sexuality."". Digital Spy. July 20, 2010. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
  104. ^ "5 Unexpected Male Sex Symbols" Yahoo Voices (November 04, 2010)
  105. ^ "Robert Pattinson, Brad Pitt And More Overnight Sex Symbols" MTV.com (September 29, 2009)
  106. ^ "Katy Perry's 'Last Friday Night (TGIF)' Remix Cover Art Goes Geek" Huffington Post (May 4, 2011)
  107. ^ "Rihanna Uncomfortable but Flattered by unintentionally attained Sex Symbol Status". MTV: United Kingdom. Retrieved 21 March 2011. {{cite news}}: Text "date: 21 March 2011" ignored (help)
  108. ^ Britney baffled by Sex symbol status
  109. ^ "Celebrity Health&Fitness (February 6, 2012)
  110. ^ "Usher" People Magazine (March 4, 2005)
  111. ^ McKay, Hollie (2011-07-20). "Star Sofia Vergara 'Loves' Her Sex Symbol Status". Fox News. Retrieved 2011-07-20.
  112. ^ Frere-Jones, Sasha (Sept 4, 2006). "Sex Symbols". The New Yorker. Retrieved 29 December 2011. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  113. ^ "From School Girls to Sex Symbols". Celebrity Skin Vol. 27, Iss. 123. Dec 2003.

وصلات خارجية

الكلمات الدالة:
تمّ الاسترجاع من "https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=رمز_إغراء&oldid=3963321"