حزب العمال البريطاني

حزب العمال
حزب العمال
الزعيم	كير ستارمر
نائب الزعيم	أنجلا راينر
الرئيس	إيلي ريڤز
الأمين العام	ديڤد إيڤانز
زعيم اللوردات	أنجلا سميث
الشعار	التغيير ( 2024 )
تأسس	27 فبراير 1900; منذ 124 سنة
المقر الرئيسي	105 ساوثسايد، شارع ڤيكتوريا، لندن; ليبور سنترال، كنگز مانور، نيوكاسل أپون تاين ;
الجناح الشبابي	العمال الشباب
جناح المثليين	المثليون + العمال
العضوية (مارس 2024)	366.604
الأيديولوجية	الديمقراطية الاشتراكية;
الموقف السياسي	يسار-الوسط[قيد المناقشة]
الانتماء الاوروپي	حزب الإشتراكيين الأوروپيين
الانتماء الدولي	التحالف التقدمي; الاشتراكية الدولية (مراقب)
الحزب التابع	Co-operative Party; (Labour and Co-operative) ; Former affiliates: Independent Labour Party; (1906–1932); British Socialist Party; (1916–1920); National Socialist Party; (1918–1939/1942);
الألوان	الأحمر
الشعار الحادي	التغيير ( 2024 )
النشيد	"العلم الأحمر"
Devolved or semi-autonomous branches	عمال لندن; العمال الإسكتلندي; العمال الويلزي; حزب العمال في أيرلندا الشمالية;
الحزب البرلماني	حزب العمال البرلماني (PLP)
مجلس العموم	411 / 650
مجلس اللوردات	168 / 774
البرلمان الإسكتلندي	22 / 129
سـِنـِد	30 / 60
العمد المحليون	11 / 12
مجلس لندن	11 / 25
PCCs and PFCCs	17 / 37
العمد المنتخبون مباشرة	10 / 16
أعضاء المجالس	6٬561 / 18٬646
الرمز الانتخابي
الموقع
	الموقع الرسمي لحزب العمال
	^ عمدة لندن و11 سلطة عمودية مشتركة. ; ^ أعضاء مجلس السلطات المحلية في إنگلترة (بما في ذلك 25 عضوًا من مجلس مدينة لندن) وإسكتلندا، والمجالس الرئيسية في ويلز والمجالس المحلية في أيرلندا الشمالية.

حزب العمال (Labour Party)، هو حزب ديمقراطي اشتراكي في المملكة المتحدة يوصف بأنه تحالفاً للديمقراطيين الاشتراكيين، الاشتراكيين الديمقراطيين، والنقابيين.^[14] يتبنى حزب العمال سياسات يسار-الوسط. وهو الحزب الحاكم في المملكة المتحدة، بعد فوزه في الانتخابات العامة 2024، وهو حاليًا أكبر حزب سياسي في المملكة المتحدة من حيث عدد الأصوات المدلى بها وعدد المقاعد في مجلس العموم. كان هناك سبعة رؤساء وزراء من حزب العمال وأربعة عشر وزيرًا من حزب العمال. تقليديًا، يعقد الحزب مؤتمر حزب العمال السنوي خلال موسم المؤتمرات الحزبية، حيث يروج كبار الشخصيات العمالية لسياسة الحزب.

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التاريخ

الأصول حتى ع. 1890

كير هاردي، (1856–1915)، أول زعيم لحزب العمال في مجلس العموم.

لجنة تمثيل العمال (1900–1906)

السنوات المبكرة (1906–1923)

شعار الحرية الأصلي، الذي ظل مستخدماً حتى عام 1983.

حزب العمال يشكل حكومة (1923–1924)

الإضراب العام الفاشل (1926-1929)

حكومة العمال الثانية (1929–1931)

الحزب في المعارضة (1931–1940)

تحالف الحرب (1940–1945)

حكومة أتلي (1945–1951)

كلمنت أتلي، رئيس الوزراء (1945–1951).

أنورين بڤان عام 1943.

إجماع ما بعد الحرب (1951–1964)

حكومة ولسون (1964–1970)

هارولد ولسون، رئيس الوزراء (1964–1970 و1974–1976).

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الحزب في المعارضة (1970–1974)

من الأغلبية إلى الأقلية (1974–1979)

جيمس كالاهان، رئيس الوزراء (1976–1979).

المعارضة والخلافات الداخلية (1979–1994)

مايكل فوت، زعيم المعارضة (1980–1983).

الشعار في عهد كينوك، سميث.

العمال الجديد (1994–2010)

توني بلير، رئيس الوزراء (1997–2007).

المعارضة (2010–2024)

إد ميليباند، زعيم المعارضة (2010–2015).

العودة للحكومة (2024–الحاضر)

كير ستارمر، رئيس الوزراء (2024–الحاضر).

الأيديولوجيا

الرموز

العلم الأحمر، العلم الرسمي الأصلي ورمز حزب العمال البريطاني.

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التنظيم

العضوية والأنصار المسجلون

رسم بياني يوضح العضوية الفردية لحزب العمال، باستثناء الأعضاء المنتسبين والمؤيدين.

أيرلندا الشمالية

علاقته بالنقابات

أنصار توحيد الاتحاد يظهرون دعمهم لحزب العمال في مكاتبهم في ليدز أثناء الانتخابات العامة 2015.

الإنتماءات الأوروپية والدولية

الأداء الانتخابي

نتائج الانتخابات العامة

برلمان المملكة المتحدة
الانتخابات	الزعيم^[15]^[16]	الأصوات		المقاعد			المركز	النتيجة	الهوامش
الانتخابات	الزعيم^[15]^[16]	العدد	النسبة	العدد	±	النسبة	المركز	النتيجة	الهوامش
1900	كير هاردي	62,698	1.8	2 / 670	▲ 2	0.3	الرابع		^[17]
1906	كير هاردي	321,663	5.7	29 / 670	▲ 27	4.3	الرابع		^[18]
يناير 1910	أرثر هندرسون	505,657	7.6	40 / 670	▲ 11	6.0	الرابع		^[19]
ديسمبر 1910	جورج نيكول بارنز	371,802	7.1	42 / 670	▲ 2	6.3	الرابع		^[20]
1918^[أ]	وليام أدمسون	2,245,777	20.8	57 / 707	▲ 15	8.1	الرابع		^[24]
1922	Clynes, J. R.J. R. Clynes	4,237,349	29.7	142 / 615	▲ 85	23.1	▲ 2nd		^[26]
1923	رامزي مكدونالد	4,439,780	30.7	191 / 615	▲ 49	30.1	الثاني	أقلية العمال	^[28]
1924		5,489,087	33.3	151 / 615	40	24.6	الثاني		^[30]
1929^[ب]		8,370,417	37.1	287 / 615	▲ 136	47.0	▲ الأول	أقلية العمال	^[33]
1931	أرثر هندرسون	6,649,630	30.9	52 / 615	235	8.5	الثاني		^[35]
1935	كلمنت أتلي	8,325,491	38.0	154 / 615	▲ 102	25.0	الثاني		^[37]
1945		11,967,746	48.0	393 / 640	▲ 239	61.0	▲ الأول	العمال	^[22]
1950		13,266,176	46.1	315 / 625	78	50.4	الأول	العمال	^[22]
1951		13,948,883	48.8	295 / 625	20	47.2	الثاني		^[22]
1955		12,405,254	46.4	277 / 630	18	44.0	الثاني		^[22]
1959	Gaitskell, HughHugh Gaitskell	12,216,172	43.8	258 / 630	19	40.1	الثاني		^[22]
1964	هارولد ولسون	12,205,808	44.1	317 / 630	▲ 59	50.3	▲ الأول	العمال	^[22]
1966		13,096,629	48.0	364 / 630	▲ 47	57.8	1st	العمال	^[22]
1970^[ت]		12,208,758	43.1	288 / 630	76	45.7	الثاني		^[22]
فبراير 1974		11,645,616	37.2	301 / 635	▲ 13	47.4	▲ الأول	أقلية العمال	^[22]
أكتوبر 1974		11,457,079	39.3	319 / 635	▲ 18	50.2	الأول	العمال	^[22]
1979	جيمس كالاهان	11,532,218	36.9	269 / 635	50	42.4	الثاني		^[22]
1983	مايكل فوت	8,456,934	27.6	209 / 650	60	32.2	الثاني		^[39]
1987	نيل كينوك	10,029,807	30.8	229 / 650	▲ 20	35.2	الثاني		^[40]
1992	نيل كينوك	11,560,484	34.4	271 / 651	▲ 42	41.6	الثاني		^[41]
1997	توني بلير	13,518,167	43.2	418 / 659	▲ 145	63.6	▲ الأول	العمال	^[42]
2001		10,724,953	40.7	412 / 659	6	62.7	الأول	العمال	^[43]
2005		9,552,436	35.2	355 / 646	47	55.0	الأول	العمال	^[44]
2010	گوردون براون	8,606,517	29.0	258 / 650	90	40.0	الثاني	^[45]	^[46]
2015	Miliband, EdEd Miliband	9,347,324	30.4	232 / 650	26	35.7	الثاني		^[49]
2017	جرمي كوربن	12,877,918	40.0	262 / 650	▲ 30	40.3	الثاني		^[50]
2019	جرمي كوربن	10,269,051	32.1	202 / 650	60	31.1	الثاني		^[51]
2024	كير ستارمر	9,686,329	33.7	411 / 650	▲ 209	63.4	▲ الأول	العمال	^[52]

مخطط يوضح النسبة المئوية للأصوات الشعبية التي حصلت عليها الأحزاب الرئيسية في الانتخابات العامة (1832-2005).

الهوامش

^ The first election held under the Representation of the People Act 1918 in which all men over 21, and most women over the age of 30 could vote, and therefore a much larger electorate.^[21]
^ First election held under the Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928 which gave all women aged over 21 the vote.^[31]
^ Franchise extended to all 18 to 20-year-olds under the Representation of the People Act 1969.^[38]

الزعامة

زعماء الحزب منذ 1906

المصادر:^[53]

Keir Hardie (1906–1908)
Arthur Henderson (1908–1910)
George Barnes (1910–1911)
Ramsay MacDonald (1911–1914)
Arthur Henderson (1914–1917)
William Adamson (1917–1921)
J. R. Clynes (1921–1922)
Ramsay MacDonald (1922–1931)
Arthur Henderson (1931–1932)
George Lansbury (1932–1935)
Clement Attlee (1935–1955)
Hugh Gaitskell (1955–1963)
- George Brown (1963; acting)
Harold Wilson (1963–1976)
James Callaghan (1976–1980)
Michael Foot (1980–1983)
Neil Kinnock (1983–1992)
جون سميث (1992–1994)
- Margaret Beckett (1994; acting)^[54]
توني بلير (1994–2007)
گوردون براون (2007–2010)
- هاريت هرمان (2010؛ بالإنابة)^[54]
إد ميليباند (2010–2015)
- هاريت هرمان (2015; acting)
جرمي كوربن (2015–2020)
كير ستارمر (2020–present)

نواب زعماء الحزب منذ 1922

J. R. Clynes (1922–1932)
William Graham (1931–1932)
Clement Attlee (1932–1935)
Arthur Greenwood (1935–1945)
Herbert Morrison (1945–1956)
Jim Griffiths (1956–1959)
Aneurin Bevan (1959–1960)
George Brown (1960–1970)
Roy Jenkins (1970–1972)
Edward Short (1972–1976)
Michael Foot (1976–1980)
Denis Healey (1980–1983)
Roy Hattersley (1983–1992)
Margaret Beckett (1992–1994)
John Prescott (1994–2007)
Harriet Harman (2007–2015)
Tom Watson (2015–2019)
Angela Rayner (2020–present)

الزعماء في مجلس العموم منذ 1924

Richard Haldane, 1st Viscount Haldane (1924–1928)
Charles Cripps, 1st Baron Parmoor (1928–1931)
Arthur Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby of Shulbrede (1931–1935)
Harry Snell, 1st Baron Snell (1935–1940)
Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison (1940–1952)
William Jowitt, 1st Earl Jowitt (1952–1955)
Albert Victor Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough (1955–1964)
Frank Pakenham, 7th Earl of Longford (1964–1968)
Edward Shackleton, Baron Shackleton (1968–1974)
Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd (1974–1976)
Fred Peart, Baron Peart (1976–1982)
Cledwyn Hughes, Baron Cledwyn of Penrhos (1982–1992)
Ivor Richard, Baron Richard (1992–1998)
Margaret Jay, Baroness Jay of Paddington (1998–2001)
Gareth Williams, Baron Williams of Mostyn (2001–2003)
Valerie Amos, Baroness Amos (2003–2007)
Catherine Ashton, Baroness Ashton of Upholland (2007–2008)
Janet Royall, Baroness Royall of Blaisdon (2008–2015)
Angela Smith, Baroness Smith of Basildon (2015–present)

رؤساء الوزراء من حزب العمال

رؤساء الوزراء من حزب العمال
الاسم	بلد المولد	الفترة في المنصب
رامزي مكدونالد	إسكتلندا	1924; 1929–1931 (وزارة مكدونالد والثانية)
كلمنت أتلي	إنگلترة	1945–1950; 1950–1951 (وزارة أتلي)
هارولد ولسون	إنگلترة	1964–1966; 1966–1970; 1974; 1974–1976 (وزارة ولسون الأولى والثانية، الثالثة والرابعة)
جيمس كالاهان	إنگلترة	1976–1979 (وزارة كالاهان)
توني بلير	إسكتلندا	1997–2001; 2001–2005; 2005–2007 (وزارة براون الأولى، الثانية والثالثةministries)
گوردون براون	إسكتلندا	2007–2010 (وزارة براون)
كير ستارمر	إنگلترة	2024–الحاضر (وزارة ستارمر)

انظر أيضاً

الهوامش

المصادر

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^ Thorpe 2008, p. 8.
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^ ^[22]^[25]
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وصلات خارجية

الكلمات الدالة:

[22] The first election held under the Representation of the People Act 1918 in which all men over 21, and most women over the age of 30 could vote, and therefore a much larger electorate.^[21]

[33] First election held under the Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928 which gave all women aged over 21 the vote.^[31]

[41] Franchise extended to all 18 to 20-year-olds under the Representation of the People Act 1969.^[38]

[FOOTNOTEBrivatiHeffernan2000-1] Brivati & Heffernan 2000.

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[:1617-23] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث ^ج ^ح ^خ ^د ^ذ ^ر ^ز ^س ^ش ^ص ^ض ^ط ^ظ ^ع Cracknell, Richard; Uberoi, Elise; Burton, Matthew (9 August 2023). "UK Election Statistics: 1918–2023, A Long Century of Elections" (PDF). House of Commons Library. pp. 16–17. Retrieved 28 September 2023.

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[ب]

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[22]

[ت]

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[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[49]

[50]

[51]

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[31]

[38]

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[48]

v t e الأحزاب السياسية في المملكة المتحدة
المجالس التشريعية في المملكة المتحدة
مجلس العموم (650)	العمال (411، بما في ذلك 43 Labour Co-op*) المحافظين (121) الديمقراطيون الليبراليون (71) الوطني الإسكتلندي (9) شين فين^† (7) الوحدوي الديمقراطي (5) الإصلاح (5) الخضر (E&W) (4) Plaid Cymru (4) SDLP (2) التحالف (1) TUV (1) UUP (1) مستقلونs (6) رئيس المجلس (1)
مجلس اللوردات (774)	المحافظين (274) Crossbenchers (178) العمال (168) الديمقراطيون الليبراليون (79) الوحدوي الديمقراطي (6) وحدوي أولستر (2) الخضر (E&W) (2) Plaid Cymru (2) اللورد الرئيس (1) Non-affiliated (35) مستقلون (2) Lords Spiritual (25)
البرلمان الإسكتلندي (129)	Scottish National Party (63) Scottish Conservatives (31) Scottish Labour (22) Scottish Greens (7) Scottish Liberal Democrats (4) Alba (1) Presiding Officer (1)
سـِنـِد (60)	Welsh Labour (30) Welsh Conservatives (16) Plaid Cymru (12) Welsh Liberal Democrats (1) Independent (1)
مجلس أيرلندا الشمالية (90)	شين فين (27) DUP (24) Alliance (17) Ulster Unionist (9) SDLP (7) Independent Unionists (2) Traditional Unionist Voice (1) People Before Profit (1) Independent Nationalist (1)
مجلس لندن (25)	London Labour (11) London Conservatives (8) London Greens (3) London Liberal Democrats (2) Reform UK (1)
أحزاب أخرى	Abolish the Welsh Assembly Animal Welfare Ashfield Independents Aspire Britain First Christian Peoples Alliance English Democrats Green (NI) Heritage Party Justice & Anti-Corruption Liberal Lincolnshire Independents Propel Reclaim Rejoin EU Social Democratic UKIP Women's Equality Workers Yorkshire
*Co-operative Party candidates stand jointly with the Labour Party. ^†Sinn Féin have elected members and offices at Westminster, but as abstentionists do not take their seats.
بوابة:سياسة قائمة الأحزاب السياسية حسب التمثيل سياسة المملكة المتحدة