تمنين الفوقا

Temnin el-Foka تمنين الفوقا
Temnine el-Faouqa, Lebanon, center of village
Temnin el-Foka Location in Lebanon
الإحداثيات: 33°54′N 35°59′E
البلد	لبنان
Governorate	Baalbek-Hermel
District	Baalbek
المنسوب	3٬600 ft (1٬100 m)
منطقة التوقيت	UTC+2 (EET)
• الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)	+3

تمنين الفوقا هي احدى القرى اللبنانية من قرى قضاء بعلبك في محافظة البقاع، على ارتفاع 1100 متر فوق سطح البحر. تشتهر القرية بآثارها الرومانية، nymphaeum which is close to the spring of Ain el-Jobb.

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 التاريخ

Temnin was settled since Roman times, but the original name is unknown. The town is divided into two municipalities, the other being Temnine Et Tahta.

Ottoman tax registers from 1533–1548 indicate the village had 64 households and 11 bachelors, and one Imam, all Muslims.

In 1838, Eli Smith noted Temnin el-Foka's (or "Temnin the upper") population as being predominantly Metawileh.

 النيمفايوم الروماني

The nymphaeum is an arched watercourse built of large stones that has been constructed 4 metres (13 ft) deep into a hill. It leads to a cistern underground. A gully has formed at the outflow, where a boundary pillar is carved with the image of a goddess. It resembles a similar cippus at Kafr Zabad.

"النيمفايوم الروماني" الشهير

The inner walls consist of four layers of massive, roughly hewn cuboids up to the vault. The top layer is completed by an unfinished cornice. At the rear end there is a slightly raised platform as Adyton. In the small semicircular niche on the back wall there must have been an image of the deity. It was probably a local deity of the flowing water, which can be seen on a stone slab in heavily weathered condition.

An ante was attached to the vaulted room in the form of an ante, which ended with an architrave with three fascias (horizontal stripes) and an upper bead. The staircase leads up in the middle between two columns with Corinthian capitals that bear the architrave. The porch is heavily restored, the rectangular portal was supplemented from concrete.

Only the vaulted arch and two rows of stones on the side walls were preserved before the restoration. The stone blocks of the side walls were piled up again, the pillars and capitals are largely new. Grooves can be seen in the longitudinal direction on the top of the vault. They may have served as a support for a wooden roof.

تمنين الفوقا

التاريخ
الثقافات	Roman
ملاحظات حول الموقع
الحالة	Ruins
الاتاحة للعامة	Yes

 انظر أيضاً

• Roman gardens
• Temples of the Beqaa Valley

 وصلات خارجية

• Temnine El Faouqa, Localiban

هل أنت مهتم ببلد الأرز لبنان ؟ ستجد الكثير من المعلومات عنه في بوابة لبنان.