أعالي الألپ (إقليم فرنسي)

Coordinates: 44°40′N 6°20′E / 44.667°N 6.333°E / 44.667; 6.333
Hautes-Alpes
Auts Aups (أوكسيتان)
Department of France
Pano crête des cerces.jpg
VilleGap052.jpg
Col de Laurichard, Ecrins - IMG6550.jpg
Lac Serre Poncon - Belvédère Pierre Arnoux.jpg
Cascade de Fontcouverte vallee de la Claree France.jpg
Top down, left to right: Massif des Cerces, prefecture building in Gap, Barre des Écrins, Lac de Serre-Ponçon and waterfall in the Vallée de la Clarée
علم Hautes-Alpes
Flag
درع Hautes-Alpes
Coat of arms
Location of Hautes-Alpes in France
Location of Hautes-Alpes in France
الإحداثيات: 44°40′N 6°20′E / 44.667°N 6.333°E / 44.667; 6.333
CountryFrance
RegionProvence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
PrefectureGap
SubprefecturesBriançon
الحكومة
 • President of the Departmental CouncilJean-Marie Bernard[1] (LR)
المساحة
[1]
 • الإجمالي5٬549 كم² (2٬142 ميل²)
المنسوب
1٬665 m (5٬463 ft)
أعلى منسوب
4٬101 m (13٬455 ft)
أوطى منسوب
470 m (1٬540 ft)
التعداد
 (يناير 2019)
 • الإجمالي141٬220
 • الترتيب100th
 • الكثافة25/km2 (66/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+1 (CET)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number05
Arrondissements2
Cantons15
Communes162
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2

إقليم هوت آلب ( Hautes-Alpes ؛ النطق الفرنسي: [ot.z‿alp]  (Speaker Icon.svg استمع); أوكسيتان: Auts Aups; إنگليزية: Upper Alps) هو إقليم فرنسي يوجد ب منطقة بروفنس ألب كوت دازور . يبلغ عدد سكانه 130752 نسمة. It is located in the heart of the French Alps, after which it is named. Hautes-Alpes had a population of 141,220 as of 2019,[2] which makes it the third least populated French department. Its prefecture is Gap; its sole subprefecture is Briançon. Its INSEE and postal code is 05.

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التاريخ

Hautes-Alpes is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It consists of the southeast of the former province of Dauphiné and the north of Provence. At the time when the department was created, the two mountain communes of La Grave and Villar-d'Arêne successfully campaigned to be included in Hautes-Alpes and not in the neighbouring department of Isère to which they had originally been assigned. This was because they hoped to benefit from the relative autonomy and certain fiscal privileges enjoyed by the region since the 14th century under the terms of the Statute of the Briançon Escartons.

Napoleon passed through Gap when he returned to reclaim France after his exile on Elba using what is now known as Route Napoléon. After Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Waterloo, the department was occupied by Austrian and Piedmontese troops from 1815 to 1818.

During World War II, Italy occupied Hautes-Alpes from November 1942 to September 1943.


الجغرافيا

Map of Hautes-Alpes

The department is surrounded by the following French departments: Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Drôme, Isère and Savoie. Italy borders it on the east with the Metropolitan City of Turin and the province of Cuneo, region of Piedmont.

Hautes-Alpes is located in the Alps mountain range. The average elevation is over 1000 m; the highest elevation is over 4000 m. The only three sizable cities are Gap, Briançon and Embrun, which was a subprefecture until 1926.[3]

The third-highest settlement in all of Europe is the Hautes-Alpes village of Saint-Véran. Gap and Briançon are the highest prefecture and subprefecture in France, respectively.

The following rivers flow through the department: Durance, Guisane, Buëch, Drac and Clarée. The Durance has been dammed to create one of the largest artificial lakes in Western Europe: the Lac de Serre-Ponçon. The Queyras valley is located in the eastern part of the department and is noted by many as being an area of outstanding beauty.

Principal communes

The most populous commune is the prefecture Gap. As of 2019, there are 2 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants, and 6 communes with more than 3,000 inhabitants:[2]

Commune Population (2019)
Gap 40,631
Briançon 11,339
Embrun 6,335
Laragne-Montéglin 3,543
Veynes 3,216
Chorges 3,061

Demographics

The inhabitants of the department are called Haut-Alpins (masculine) and Haut-Alpines (feminine) in French.

The extremely mountainous terrain explains the sparse population, which was about 120,000 in 1791. It changed little during the 19th century, but fell to about 85,000 after World War I. Thanks in large part to tourism, the population has risen from 87,436 in 1962 to 141,107 in 2016, principally in the town of Gap.

Population development since 1791:

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1791120٬485—    
1801112٬500−0.68%
1851132٬038+0.32%
1901109٬510−0.37%
1911105٬083−0.41%
192189٬275−1.62%
193187٬566−0.19%
194684٬932−0.20%
195485٬067+0.02%
YearPop.±% p.a.
196287٬436+0.34%
196891٬790+0.81%
197597٬358+0.84%
1982105٬070+1.09%
1990113٬300+0.95%
1999121٬631+0.79%
2006130٬752+1.04%
2011138٬605+1.17%
2016141٬107+0.36%
Sources:[3][4]

الأنهار

التعداد السكاني

السياسة

Party seats
• Union for a Popular Movement 10
Socialist Party 7
• Miscellaneous Right 5
Left Radical Party 4
Miscellaneous Left 3
• New Centre 1

السياحة

The tourist industry is largely dependent on skiing in winter. In summer the Alpine scenery and many outdoor activities attract visitors from across Europe (sailing, hiking, climbing and aerial sports such as gliding). The Tour de France passes through the department regularly. This draws many cycling fanatics to cycle the cols and watch the race.

انظر أيضاً

المصادر


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وصلات خارجية

Hautes-Alpes at the Open Directory Project

Flag of France.png هذه بذرة مقالة عن فرنسا تحتاج للنمو والتحسين، ساهم في إثرائها بالمشاركة في تحريرها.


  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in الفرنسية). 4 May 2022.
  2. ^ أ ب Populations légales 2019: 05 Hautes-Alpes, INSEE
  3. ^ أ ب "Historique des Hautes-Alpes". Le SPLAF.
  4. ^ "Évolution et structure de la population en 2016". INSEE.
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