أودينى

Coordinates: 46°04′N 13°14′E / 46.067°N 13.233°E / 46.067; 13.233
(تم التحويل من أوديني)
Udine
Comune di Udine
Piazza San Giacomo
Piazza San Giacomo
Location of Udine
Udine is located in إيطاليا
Udine
Udine
موقع Udine في Italy
Udine is located in فريولي ڤـِنـِتسيا جوليا
Udine
Udine
Udine (فريولي ڤـِنـِتسيا جوليا)
الإحداثيات: 46°04′N 13°14′E / 46.067°N 13.233°E / 46.067; 13.233
البلدإيطاليا
المنطقةFriuli-Venezia Giulia
المقاطعةUdine (UD)
Frazionisee list
الحكومة
 • العمدةPietro Fontanini ([[قائمة الأحزاب السياسية في إيطاليا|Lega Nord]])
المساحة
 • الإجمالي56 كم² (22 ميل²)
المنسوب
113 m (371 ft)
التعداد
 (31 December 2019)
 • الإجمالي99٬051
 • الكثافة1٬800/km2 (4٬600/sq mi)
صفة المواطنUdinese
منطقة التوقيتUTC+1 (CET)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC+2 (CEST)
الرمز البريدي
33100
مفتاح الهاتف0432
Patron saintSts. Ermacoras and Fortunatus
يوم القديس12 July
الموقع الإلكترونيOfficial website

Udine (الأمريكي /ˈdin/ OO-dee-nay,[1][2] النطق بالإيطالية: [ˈuːdine]؛ فريولية: Udin؛ ألمانية: Weiden in Friaul؛ Slovene: Videm؛ لاتينية: Utinum) هي مدينة شمال شرق إيطاليا أكبر مدن إقليم فريولي فينيتسيا جوليا عاصمة مقاطعة أوديني، تقع بالقرب من سلاسل جبال الألب في سهلية ذات موقع استراتيجي على بعد عدة كيلومترات من منققة تلال، على مفترق الطرق بين الشرق والغرب، والجنوب والشمال المؤدي للنمسا وباقي أوروبا، سكانها 96.750 نسمة.

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التاريخ

Udine is the historical capital of Friuli. The area has been inhabited since the Neolithic age, and is believed to have been settled by Illyrians.

Based on an old Hungarian legend, Attila (?–453), the leader of the Huns, built a hill there, when besieging Aquileia, because he needed a winter quarters billet: he instructed his soldiers to bring soil in their helmets and shields, because the landscape was too flat, without any hill. He established the town there, and built a square-shape tower.[3]

After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the area increased in importance after the decline of Aquileia and afterwards of Cividale also. In AD 983 Udine was mentioned for the first time, with the donation of the Utinum castle by emperor Otto II to the Patriarchs of Aquileia, then the main feudal lords of the region. In 1223, with the foundation of the market,[4] the city became finally the most important in the area for economy and trade, and also became the Patriarch's seat.

خريطة قديمة لأوديني



الجغرافيا

المناخ

Udine has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa). Precipitation is abundant year round with spring and fall being the wettest seasons. The highest temperature recorded was 38.2 °C (101 °F) on July 21, 2006 while the lowest temperature recorded was −18.6 °C (−1 °F) on December 19, 2009.[5]

Climate data for Udine (1971–2000, extremes 1969–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.6
(65.5)
23.2
(73.8)
25.6
(78.1)
29.5
(85.1)
33.2
(91.8)
36.2
(97.2)
38.2
(100.8)
37.0
(98.6)
34.4
(93.9)
29.8
(85.6)
25.3
(77.5)
17.4
(63.3)
38.2
(100.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9)
9.8
(49.6)
13.5
(56.3)
17.1
(62.8)
22.3
(72.1)
25.6
(78.1)
28.2
(82.8)
28.4
(83.1)
24.1
(75.4)
18.6
(65.5)
12.6
(54.7)
8.5
(47.3)
18.0
(64.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 3.7
(38.7)
5.0
(41.0)
8.4
(47.1)
12.0
(53.6)
17.1
(62.8)
20.3
(68.5)
22.7
(72.9)
22.6
(72.7)
18.7
(65.7)
13.7
(56.7)
8.2
(46.8)
4.5
(40.1)
13.1
(55.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.4
(31.3)
0.3
(32.5)
3.4
(38.1)
7.0
(44.6)
11.8
(53.2)
15.0
(59.0)
17.1
(62.8)
16.9
(62.4)
13.3
(55.9)
8.8
(47.8)
3.7
(38.7)
0.5
(32.9)
8.1
(46.6)
Record low °C (°F) −14.6
(5.7)
−11.6
(11.1)
−10.0
(14.0)
−4.8
(23.4)
1.4
(34.5)
5.6
(42.1)
8.2
(46.8)
6.6
(43.9)
3.0
(37.4)
−3.2
(26.2)
−8.4
(16.9)
−18.6
(−1.5)
−18.6
(−1.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 74.9
(2.95)
61.6
(2.43)
86.2
(3.39)
119.0
(4.69)
118.2
(4.65)
137.9
(5.43)
81.2
(3.20)
79.1
(3.11)
124.3
(4.89)
134.5
(5.30)
108.1
(4.26)
85.9
(3.38)
1٬210٫9
(47.67)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 6.2 5.2 7.6 9.8 10.8 10.5 7.8 7.2 7.3 8.3 7.2 6.7 94.6
Source: Servizio Meteorologico[5][6]

الاقتصاد

Udine is important for commerce, with several commercial centers in the hinterland. There are also iron and mechanical industries (Danieli and ABS are the most important).

معرض صور

الرياضة

The main football club in the city is Udinese Calcio, founded in 1896, who play in the Serie A (2019–2020 season). Their ground, the Stadio Friuli, was a venue at the 1990 FIFA World Cup.

The local basketball team, APU GSA, played in the second national league, the LegaDue.

أبرز الأشخاص

Luca Carlevarijs

العلاقات الدولية


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البلدات التوأم – المدن الشقيقة

Udine is twinned with:[7][8]

الصداقات

الهامش

  1. ^ قالب:Cite American Heritage Dictionary
  2. ^ قالب:Cite Merriam-Webster
  3. ^ Lengyel, Dénes (1972). Régi Magyar mondák. Budapest: Móra Ferenc. ISBN 963-11-2928-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  4. ^ Marušič, Branko. 2000. Videm. Enciklopedija Slovenije, vol. 14. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, pp. 224–225.
  5. ^ أ ب "Udine Rivolto: Record mensili dal 1969" (in Italian). Servizio Meteorologico dell'Aeronautica Militare. Retrieved February 23, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ^ "Udine/Rivolto (UD)" (PDF). Atlante climatico. Servizio Meteorologico. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
  7. ^ "Gemellaggi e relazioni internazionali". comune.udine.it (in الإيطالية). Udine. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  8. ^ "Our Twin Cities". citywindsor.ca. Windsor. Retrieved 2019-12-16.

للاستزادة

  • "Udine", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913 

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Province of Udine

الكلمات الدالة: