إلتروبراس

(تم التحويل من Eletrobras)
Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A.
النوعPublic
رمز التداولB3: ELET3
نازداك: EBR
BMAD: XELTB
الصناعةElectricity
تأسست11 يونيو 1962; منذ 62 سنة (1962-06-11
المقر الرئيسي
Rio de Janeiro
،
Brazil
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
Wilson Ferreira Júnior (CEO)[1][2]
المنتجاتElectrical power
الخدماتElectricity distribution
Electric power transmission
Electric power generation
الدخل▲ قالب:R$ (2021)[3]
ربح العمليات▲ قالب:R$ (2021)[3]
Decrease قالب:R$ (2021)[3][4]
المالكBrazilian Government (46.63%)[5]
الموظفون12,018 (2021)[3]
الموقع الإلكترونيeletrobras.com

Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S.A. (pt, commonly referred to as Electrobras) is a major Brazilian electric utilities company. The company's headquarters are located in Rio de Janeiro.

It is Latin America's biggest power utility company, tenth largest in the world, and is also the fourth largest clean energy company in the world.[بحاجة لمصدر] Eletrobras holds stakes in a number of Brazilian electric companies, so that it generates about 40% and transmits 69% of Brazil's electric supply. The company's generating capacity is about 51,000 MW, mostly in hydroelectric plants. The Brazilian federal government owned 52% stake in Eletrobras until June 2022, the rest of the shares traded on B3. The stock is part of the Ibovespa index. It is also traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market and on the Madrid Stock Exchange.

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History

Eletrobras was established in 1962 during João Goulart's presidency.


Operations

The Itaipu Dam at night - The world's largest hydroelectric plant by energy generation and second-largest by installed capacity

Eletrobras is an electric power holding company. It is the largest generation and transmission company in Brazil. Through its subsidiaries it owns about 40% of Brazil's generation capacities and controls 69% of the National Interconnected System.[6]

Eletrobras stands as the biggest company of the electric power sector in Latin America.

Subsidiaries

Among Eletrobras' subsidiaries, there are generation and transmission companies.

Eletronorte S.A.
النوعPrivate, subsidiary of Eletrobras
الصناعةPower generation
تأسست1973; 51 years ago (1973
المقر الرئيسي
Brasilia
،
Brazil
المنتجاتElectrical power
الخدماتElectricity distribution
الموظفون3,655
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.eln.gov.br

Eletronorte (Centrais Elétricas do Norte do Brasil S.A.) is responsible for the power generation, transmission and distribution in the states of Amazonas, Pará, Acre, Rondônia, Roraima, Amapá, Tocantins and Mato Grosso.

Eletropar S.A.
النوعSubsidiary
الصناعةPrivate equity
تأسست1995; 29 years ago (1995
المقر الرئيسيRio de Janeiro, Brazil
الدخل▲ US$ 98.0 Million (2010)
▲ US$ 13.6 Million (2010)
إجمالي الأصول▲ US$ 152.4 Million (2011)
الموظفون230
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.eletrobraspar.com

Eletrobras Eletropar acts in participations of other energy companies.

CHESF S.A.
النوعSubsidiary
الصناعةUtilities
تأسست1948; 76 years ago (1948
المقر الرئيسيRecife, Brazil
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
Fabio Lopes Alves (CEO)[8][9]
المنتجاتElectricity generation
الموظفون4,427
الشركة الأمEletrobras
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.chesf.com.br

CHESF (Companhia Hidro-Elétrica do São Francisco; São Francisco's Hydroelectric Company) generates and transmits electric power from hydroelectric plants to all of the cities in northeast of Brazil. It owns 14 hydroelectric energy plants and 1 thermoelectric energy plant.[10] Sinval Zaidan Gama was made CEO in January 2017.[11]

The main source of energy is the São Francisco River.

Eletrobras CGTEE S.A.
النوع السابقSubsidiary
الصناعةElectricity
تأسست26 ديسمبر 1996 (1996-12-26)[12]
انحلت2 يناير 2020 (2020-01-02)[12]
المقر الرئيسي
Candiota
،
Brazil[12]
الشركة الأمEletrobras
الأقسامCGT Eletrosul
الموقع الإلكترونيcgteletrosul.com.br

Eletrobras CGTEE was a Brazilian power company[12] created on 11 July 1997. It is active in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.[13]

Eletrobras Cepel

Eletrobras Eletronuclear

Eletrobras Eletrosul

Eletrobras Furnas

Itaipu Binacional

International activities

Eletrobras was authorized by Act 11.651, sanctioned on 7 April 2008, to operate abroad as an investor in the power sector, by means of consortiums and/or specific purposes companies; it may also have control on enterprises. In order to coordinate this operation, it was created the Superintendence of Operations Abroad, which will operate following the guidelines of its board of directors.

For this first period, the Superintendence of Operations Abroad has set forth the priorities as follows:

  1. Interconnect new sources of energy in Latin America with the Brazilian power system;
  2. Promote the energetic integration between Brazil and the countries of Latin America; and
  3. Prospect opportunities for investment in power energy in other countries to benefit the Brazilian economy by generating new markets for the goods and services suppliers segment.

The Superintendence of Operations Abroad has been developing negotiations with several countries in Latin America and Africa:

  • Angola and Namibia – Feasibility Studies of the AHE[مطلوب توضيح] from Baynes, located in the Cunene River, in the border between the two countries;
  • Argentina – AHE Binacional de Garabi;
  • Costa Rica – Technical Cooperation Agreement under analysis;
  • Nicaragua – Appraisal of AHEs from Boboke and Tumarim;
  • Peru – Analysis of feasibility for use of 15 AHEs, totalizing 20,000 MW;
  • Uruguay - New transmission lines expanding the already existing electric interconnection between the southern part of Brazil and Uruguay;
  • Venezuela – Studies for interconnection with the purpose of having an electric interchange between the two countries.

With Bolivia, Colombia, China, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Morocco and Nigeria the contacts are in their initial phase.

List of current and former CEOs

Took office in CEO #
1962 Paulo Richer 1º
1964 José Varonil de Albuquerque Lima 2º
1964 Octavio Marcondes Ferraz 3º
1967 Mario Penna Bhering 4º
1975 Antonio Carlos Magalhães 5º
1978 Arnaldo Rodrigues Barbalho 6º
1979 Maurício Schulman 7º
1980 José Costa Cavalcanti 8º
1985 Mario Penna Bhering 9º
1990 José Maria Siqueira de Barros 10º
1992 Eliseu Resende 11º
1993 José Luis Alquéres 12º
1995 Mario Fernando de Melo Santos 13º
1995 Antônio José Imbassahy da Silva 14º
1996 Firmino Ferreira Sampaio Neto 15º
2001 Cláudio Ávila da Silva 16º
2002 Altino Ventura Filho 17º
2003 Luiz Pinguelli Rosa 18º
2004 Silas Rondeau Cavalcanti Silva 19º
2005 Aloísio Marcos Vasconcelos Novais 20º
2006 Valter Luiz Cardeal de Souza 21º
2008 José Antonio Muniz Lopes 22º
2010 José da Costa Carvalho Neto 23º
2016 Wilson Ferreira Júnior 24º
2020 Rodrigo Limp 25º
2022 Wilson Ferreira Júnior 26º


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Privatization in 2022

In May 2021, the Câmara dos Deputados approved a Provisional Measure (MP), sent by the Bolsonaro Government, that foresees the privatization of Eletrobras. The process would take place through the sale of new ordinary shares on the B3 Stock Exchange, which in practice would decrease the shareholding interest of the government and the Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES) to about 45%, with more papers offered to private investors. Where each shareholder, individually, could not hold more than 10% of the voting capital of the company. The Government would maintain a special class of share (golden share) that grants it veto power in decisions of the shareholders' meeting.[14] The MP was approved in the Senate Plenary, on 17 June 2021, with the presentation of three different opinions by the rapporteur, Senator Marcos Rogério (DEM-RO). The dispute was reflected in the result of the vote: the MP received 42 votes in favor and 37 against.[15][16]

Privatization advocates argue that once privatized the company would increase its investment capacity.[17] However it was criticized by other sectors of society, such as the Union Movement for Energy, Instituto de Energia e Meio Ambiente (IEMA), and the Federação das Indústrias do Estado de São Paulo (FIESP), fearing that the project could lead to increased tariffs for consumers and cause environmental damage.[18][19] The main concerns about the privatization were amendments requiring the contracting of thermoelectric plants powered by natural gas and the authorization to build the Tucuruí transmission line without the need for environmental permits from the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) and the Fundação Nacional do Índio (FUNAI).[20]

The final version of the project was approved on 21 June 2021. The final proposal extends contracts of the PROINFA for 20 years, provides for the construction of SHPs, and forbids, for ten years, that subsidiaries of Eletrobras are extinguished. The MP also determines revitalization projects in the Bacia do rio São Francisco, the Furnas reservoirs, in the Amazonia, Madeira River and Tocantins River. Also, Eletronuclear, responsible for the Usina Nuclear de Angra, and the Brazilian participation in the Itaipu Dam will be dismembered from Eletrobras and kept under state control.[21][22]

In July 2021, Bolsonaro sanctioned the Provisional Measure for the privatization of Eletrobras. According to government accounts the privatization would reduce the electricity bill by about 7.36%.[23] On the other hand, entities in the sector said that the electricity bill will become more expensive with the privatization.[24]

The focus of the privatization is to sell shares until the government ceases to own 60% of the shares and owns 45% of the company, thus losing the majority stake in the company.[25]

In September 2021, the Empresa Brasileira de Participações em Energia Nuclear e Binacional (ENBPar) was created, with the objective of taking over Eletrobras activities that cannot be privatized, such as the Itaipu Binacional and Eletronuclear companies (Angra 1, 2 and 3 plants) and the management of public policies, under law 14.182/2021.[26]

On 14 June 2022, 802.1 million shares were sold, with a base price of R$42 (US$8.56), in an operation that moved R$33.7 billion (US$6.9 billion).[27] With this, the Union's stake in the voting capital of the state company was reduced from 68.6% to 40.3%.[28]

Major shareholders include GIC Private Limited, the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPPIB), and the Brazilian manager 3G Radar, linked to 3G Capital.[28]

Employees and retirees of Eletrobras and its subsidiaries had priority to acquire up to 10% of the total shares offered.[29] It was also authorized that workers could buy company shares using up to 50% of the balance of the FGTS.[29]

References

  1. ^ "Wilson Ferreira Júnior reassume presidência da Eletrobras" (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). G1. 19 سبتمبر 2022. Retrieved 21 سبتمبر 2022 – via Reuters.
  2. ^ "Wilson Ferreira Junior toma posse" (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). Eletrobras Notícias. 19 سبتمبر 2022. Retrieved 21 سبتمبر 2022.
  3. ^ أ ب ت ث "Relatório da Administração 2021". Eletrobras RI (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 18 مارس 2022. pp. 56, 61, 68. Retrieved 6 يوليو 2022.
  4. ^ "Eletrobras teve lucro de R$ 5,7 bilhões em 2021". Agência Brasil (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 19 مارس 2022.
  5. ^ "Capital Social - Eletrobras RI".
  6. ^ OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Brazil 2008 Strengthening Governance for Growth. OECD. 2008. p. 85. ISBN 9789264042933.
  7. ^ "Trânsito IP para Provedores de Internet | Eletronet". 3 فبراير 2020. Retrieved 18 مارس 2023.
  8. ^ "Sobre a empresa – Diretoria e Conselhos" (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). Companhia Hidrelétrica do São Francisco (Chesf). Retrieved 21 سبتمبر 2022.
  9. ^ "Ex-secretário de energia Fábio Alves é nomeado presidente da Chesf" (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). Exame. 3 مايو 2018. Retrieved 21 سبتمبر 2022.
  10. ^ "Companhia Hidro Elétrica do São Francisco: Private Company Information - Bloomberg". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 28 نوفمبر 2016.
  11. ^ "José Carlos De Miranda Farias: Executive Profile & Biography - Bloomberg". www.bloomberg.com. Retrieved 28 نوفمبر 2016.
  12. ^ أ ب ت ث "História da CGTEE" (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). Companhia de Geração e Transmissão de Energia Elétrica do Sul do Brasil (CGT Eletrosul). Retrieved 21 سبتمبر 2022.
  13. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 17 فبراير 2014. Retrieved 11 أغسطس 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. ^ "Câmara aprova privatização da Eletrobras; texto ainda será votado no Senado". UOL Economia (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 19 مايو 2021. Retrieved 20 مايو 2021.
  15. ^ "Senado aprova MP que desestatiza Eletrobras; texto volta para Câmara". Senado Federal (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 17 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 24 يونيو 2021.
  16. ^ "Marcos Rogério comemora projeto de privatização da Eletrobrás; Caso siga o exemplo da Ceron em Rondônia tarifas devem aumentar". Portal Rondônia (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 17 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 25 يونيو 2021.
  17. ^ "Privatização pode injetar R$ 10 bilhões ao ano na Eletrobras, diz secretário". Poder360 (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 19 مايو 2021. Retrieved 24 يونيو 2021.
  18. ^ "Entidades criticam texto da MP de privatização da Eletrobras". Correio Braziliense (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 14 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 24 يونيو 2021.
  19. ^ "Fiesp critica relatório da MP da Eletrobras e manutenção de 'jabutis'". CNN Brasil (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 21 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 24 يونيو 2021.
  20. ^ "Senado aprova MP que autoriza privatização da Eletrobras". G1 (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 17 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 24 يونيو 2021.
  21. ^ "Câmara aprova privatização da Eletrobras; texto vai à sanção presidencial". UOL Economia (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 21 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 24 يونيو 2021.
  22. ^ "Privatização da Eletrobras: saiba ponto a ponto o que prevê a MP aprovada pela Câmara". G1 Economia (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 21 يونيو 2021.
  23. ^ "Governo diz que privatização da Eletrobras pode reduzir conta de luz em até 7,36%". G1 (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 9 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 15 فبراير 2022.
  24. ^ "MP da Eletrobras: Senado aprova texto com mudanças que podem aumentar conta de luz; entenda". G1 (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 17 يونيو 2021. Retrieved 15 فبراير 2022.
  25. ^ "Bolsonaro sanciona com vetos MP da privatização da Eletrobras". G1 (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 13 يوليو 2021. Retrieved 15 فبراير 2022.
  26. ^ "Decreto cria estatal para assumir Eletronuclear e Itaipu após venda da Eletrobras". Correio Braziliense (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 13 سبتمبر 2021. Retrieved 18 يونيو 2022.
  27. ^ "Brazil's Eletrobras Share Sale Raises $6.9 Billion in Latin America's Biggest Equity Deal in 2021". Bloomberg.com. 9 يونيو 2022. Retrieved 9 يونيو 2022.
  28. ^ أ ب "Cingapura, Canadá e Lemann vão controlar Eletrobras". ISTOÉ DINHEIRO (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 16 يونيو 2022. Retrieved 18 يونيو 2022.
  29. ^ أ ب "Privatização da Eletrobras: veja perguntas e respostas". G1 (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). 14 يونيو 2022. Retrieved 18 يونيو 2022.

External links

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