بسطة، غرناطة
Baza | |
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.svg) Flag  Coat of arms | |
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  Baza Location in Spain | |
| الإحداثيات: 37°29′N 2°46′W / 37.483°N 2.767°W | |
| Country |  إسپانيا |
| Autonomous community | Andalusia |
| Province | Granada |
| Comarca | Baza |
| Judicial district | Baza |
| Founded | Between 1810 and 500 BC |
| الحكومة | |
| • Alcalde | Pedro Fernández Peñalver (2007) (PSOE) |
| المساحة | |
| • الإجمالي | 545 كم² (210 ميل²) |
| المنسوب | 844 m (2٬769 ft) |
| التعداد ()[1] | |
| صفة المواطن | Bastetano, na |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 18800 |
| Dialing code | (+34) 958 |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | Official website |
Baza is a town in the province of Granada in Andalusia (southern Spain), twice a former Catholic bishopric and now a Latin Catholic titular see as Basti.
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Modern town
It has 21,000 inhabitants (2003). It is situated at 844 m above sea level, in the Hoya de Baza, a valley of the Sierra Nevada, not far from the Gallego River. This town gives its name to the Sierra de Baza. The dome-shaped mountain of Jabalcón overlooks the town from the north-west. The Municipality lies at the southern edge of the Altiplano de Granada
التاريخ
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The sculpture of the Lady of Baza is a prehistoric artifact discovered in this area on 22 July 1971. The city was founded by the Iberians in the 4th century BC and named Basti, the name by which it was known in Roman times. As part of the Roman province of Tarraco, it was an important commercial center [2] and an early bishopric (see below).
Under the Moors, Baza was an important frontier post along the border with the kingdom of Murcia. It was also a major commercial center, with a population upward of 50,000, making it one of the three most important cities in the Kingdom of Granada.
بسطة فقد تحدث عنها صاحب "ذكر بلاد الأندلس" قائلاً: "وهي مدينة متوسطة كثيرة الخيرات والبركات والزرع والضرع، يصنع بها الوطا وبها الحرير الكثير، وبها الزعفران الكثير الذي ما في بلاد الأندلس أطيب منه، وبها من شجر التوت ما لا يحصى وبفحصها حمة قوية".[3]
Under Islamic rule (713 – 1489), the cathedral, founded by the Visigoth king Reccared in about 600, and whose traditional site is occupied by the ancient church of San Máximo, was converted into a mosque[2] and the bishopric was doomed.
In 1489, during the Granada War, the city fell to Queen Isabella I of Castile, after a stubborn defense lasting seven months. The cannons still adorn the Alameda.
في 10 أغسطس 1810, French forces under Marshal Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult defeated a large Spanish force near the town.[2]
Transport
Until 1985, Baza was served by a railway station on the Ferrocarril del Almanzora, which linked Murcia del Carmen to Granada via Lorca, Baza and Guadix. Reopening this line has been proposed.[4]
The northern branch of the A-92 highway also passes next to the town.
Cultural references
The 1489 siege of Baza is described in Washington Irving's book The Conquest of Granada.
See also
References
- ^
{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help) - ^ أ ب ت One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . دائرة المعارف البريطانية. Vol. 3 (eleventh ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 559.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ مؤلف مجهول، تحقيق لويس مولينا (1983). ذكر بلاد الأندلس. المجلس الأعلى للأبحاث العلمية (مدريد).
- ^ "Concentración en Baza para pedir el tren entre Andalucía y Murcia y combatir la España vaciada". Granada Hoy (in الإسبانية). 31 December 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
Sources and external links
- (in إنگليزية) Baza Information - General Information about house sales in Baza
- GCatholic - Baza bishopric
- Bibliography - ecclesiastical history
- Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 3
- España Sagrada, vol. VII, Madrid 1750, pp. 80–96
- A. Lambert, lemma 'Basti' in Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques, vol. VI, Paris 1932, coll. 1288-1291
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- Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
- CS1 errors: empty citation
- مقالات المعرفة المحتوية على معلومات من دائرة المعارف البريطانية طبعة 1911
- Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
- CS1 الإسبانية-language sources (es)
- Short description is different from Wikidata
- Coordinates on Wikidata
- Pages using Template:Spain metadata Wikidata without references
- صفحات تستخدم جدول مستوطنة بقائمة محتملة لصفات المواطن
- Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
- Articles with إنگليزية-language sources (en)
- Populated places established in the 4th century BC
- Municipalities in the Province of Granada