ولاية خصب
Khasab
خصب | |
|---|---|
Town | |
 Central square of Khasab | |
| خطأ لوا: Coordinates not found on Wikidata. | |
  Khasab Location in Oman  Khasab Khasab (الخليج العربي) | |
| الإحداثيات: 26°11′N 56°15′E / 26.183°N 56.250°E | |
| Country |  عُمان |
| Governorate | Musandam Governorate |
| التعداد (2003) | |
| • الإجمالي | 17٬730 |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+4 (GST) |
خصب ولاية عمانية تعتبر مركزا إقليميا لمحافظة مسندم في سلطنة عمان وتبعد عن مسقط العاصمة نحو 481 كم. تقع خصب في أقصى شمال المحافظة وتستمد اسمها من خصوبة تربتها ويوجد فيها ميناء خصب. من معالمها الأثرية عدد من القلاع والحصون والأبراج. فهناك "قلعة خصب" التي يرجع تاريخها إلى بداية عهد آل بوسعيد وقامت وزارة التراث والثقافة بترميمها في مطلع العام 1990 م. أما "حصن الكمازرة" فليس معروفا تاريخ تشييده على وجه الدقة. وهو يقع في حلة "الكمازرة". إضافة إلى ذلك يوجد ثلاثة أبراج هي: برج "السيبة" الذي يقع في المنطقة الحاملة لنفس الاسم وبرج "كبس القصر" الذي لم يبق منه غير الأطلال وبرج سعيد بن أحمد بن سليمان آل مالك الواقع في حلة "بني سند" وهو من بقايا حصن كبير تعرض للاندثار بمرور الزمن ولم يبق منه إلا هذا البرج. ومن المساجد القديمة في ولاية "خصب" جامع "السيبة" والمسمى بالجامع الغربي وقد أعيد بناؤه في عام 1980م وكذلك مسجدي "السوق والكمازرة" اللذين أعيد بناؤهما أيضا خلال العهد الزاهر لجلالة السلطان قابوس المعظم. وفيما يتعلق بالمعالم السياحية فهي تتمثل بالمنتزهات الطبيعية في الروضة والسي والخالدية .إضافة إلى وادي خن-مسيفة حيوت-وخور نجد. وكذلك عدد من الأخوار والخلجان والجزر أهمها: خليج خصب-خليج كمزار-خليج شيصة-خور شم-خور النيد-خور حبلين-خور قبل-خور غب-خور قدي. ومن أهم الجزر بولاية "خصب": جزيرة الغنم-مسندم-أم الطير-جزيرة سلامة وبناتها-أم الفيارين-الخيل-مخبوق-أبو مخالف وجزيرة ساويك "السوداء".
Khasab (العربية: خَصَب) is a city and local capital of the Musandam Governorate which is an exclave of Oman bordering the United Arab Emirates at the tip of the Musandam Peninsula by the Strait of Hormuz. It has been dubbed the "Norway of Arabia" because of its extensive fjord-like craggy inlets and desolate mountainscapes.[1][2][3][4]
Khasab is a small city when compared to nearby cities of the United Arab Emirates. It has many residents who mostly live in mainland Oman and come to Khasab for vacations. There is a huge population of Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis, like in mainland Oman, who work in restaurants, grocery stores, supermarkets, tour operators and many other places.[بحاجة لمصدر]
The city is surrounded by the northern mountains of the Western Hajar Range.[5] Khasab has a fully functional hospital and several hotels, beaches and parks across the city. The city's population is dominated by ethnic Omanis from the mainland. Khasab also has a fort which is known as Khasab Fort. The sea port is dominated by the dhows which take tourists for a cruise across the natural, dry "fjords".
The city is frequently visited by residents of UAE as the Khasab Coastal Road provides access to the city from UAE by connecting with the E11 Highway in the UAE side. The city can also be accessed by the ferry which is maintained by the Government. The ferries are modern.[6]
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History
The Portuguese built Khasab at the beginning of the 17th century, at the height of their naval presence in the region. The natural harbour gave shelter from rough seas. Unlike many forts, which were built on high ground for defensive purposes, Khasab was designed as a supply point for dates and water for Portuguese ships sailing through the strait. Today, Khasab is protected from floods by three large dams.[7]
Economy
Access to the area by land was virtually impossible until a modern coast road was built, which allows fast access from the United Arab Emirates, making Khasab a popular weekend destination for people living in the Emirates. The new road also allows access to the village of Tawi, where prehistoric drawings of boats, animals and warriors can be seen in the rock face.[7] Khasab also has a number of modern shopping areas with imported Irani goods and locally created pottery, and a few hotels, including the Khasab Hotel, Atana Musandam Resort and Atana Khasab Hotel, which sits on a cliff overlooking the Persian Gulf.[1]
Khasab has an interesting trading position, which hinges on its proximity to Iran. Iranians export sheep and goats into the local port, from where the animals are dispatched to the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia in trucks. On their return trip to the Islamic Republic, the sailors load their boats up with electronic goods and American cigarettes, arriving in Khasab after sunrise and leaving before sunset to conform with Omani immigration laws. Since the trading is illegal under Iranian law, they must avoid the Islamic Republic's coastguard as well as all other shipping in the busy waters of the Strait of Hormuz. The crossing is hazardous since the vessels, piled high either with livestock or with numerous boxes must avoid the path of the scores of oil-tankers which pass through the Strait in a transverse direction daily.[7] Recent increases of United States' sanctions against Iran have increased the amount of smuggling done through Khasab.[8]
Tourism
Boats from Khasab take tourists on trips to view the dolphins common in the waters around the Musandam, as well as to visit Telegraph Island, for a short time (between 1865 and 1868) the site of a staffed telegraph repeater station on the cable section between Bahrain and Bombay.[بحاجة لمصدر]
Scuba Diving
Scuba diving is relatively new in the region, most of the diving has based on the upper east coast of Musandam however a new operator to the area, Freestyle Divers,[9] is researching sites closer to Khasab on the West side. Diving courses such as PADI open water course through to Dive Instructor courses are available at the dive Centre based at Atana Musandam in Khasab. The diving is variable regarding conditions, visibility and currents can be unpredictable so diving with local professionals is strongly advised. The underwater life can range from nudibranchs to black tip reef sharks, on a clear day many species of shoaling fish can be observed, cuttlefish, rays, in fact all species common to the Strait of Hormuz.[بحاجة لمصدر]
Climate
Khasab has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with very hot and humid summers and mild winters. Precipitation is low, and mostly falls from December to March.
On 27 June 2011 Khasab Airport recorded the world calendar day highest minimum temperature of 41.2 °C (106.2 °F), until Death Valley, California, United States, broke the record by 0.5 °C (0.9 °F) to record 41.7 °C (107.1 °F) on 12 July 2012.[10] On 17 June 2017, Khasab recorded the highest night-time low temperature of 44.2 °C (111.6 °F).[11]
| Climate data for Khasab | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 30.8 (87.4) |
32.0 (89.6) |
37.5 (99.5) |
43.0 (109.4) |
46.2 (115.2) |
49.0 (120.2) |
47.7 (117.9) |
47.5 (117.5) |
44.0 (111.2) |
41.4 (106.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
49.0 (120.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.4 (75.9) |
24.9 (76.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
33.5 (92.3) |
37.8 (100.0) |
39.2 (102.6) |
39.8 (103.6) |
38.6 (101.5) |
37.2 (99.0) |
34.5 (94.1) |
30.2 (86.4) |
25.9 (78.6) |
32.8 (91.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.2 (68.4) |
20.8 (69.4) |
23.8 (74.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
32.8 (91.0) |
34.4 (93.9) |
35.3 (95.5) |
34.7 (94.5) |
33.1 (91.6) |
30.1 (86.2) |
25.7 (78.3) |
21.7 (71.1) |
28.4 (83.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.6 (60.1) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
23.9 (75.0) |
27.9 (82.2) |
30.0 (86.0) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.1 (88.0) |
29.3 (84.7) |
25.5 (77.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
24.0 (75.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 10.5 (50.9) |
10.0 (50.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
15.5 (59.9) |
21.5 (70.7) |
25.0 (77.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
27.0 (80.6) |
22.0 (71.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
12.0 (53.6) |
8.4 (47.1) |
8.4 (47.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 44.8 (1.76) |
49.1 (1.93) |
46.3 (1.82) |
8.8 (0.35) |
1.9 (0.07) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.8 (0.03) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
2.9 (0.11) |
32.1 (1.26) |
186.7 (7.33) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 63 | 66 | 62 | 53 | 60 | 63 | 66 | 70 | 69 | 63 | 61 | 62 | 63 |
| Source: NOAA (1961-1990) [12] | |||||||||||||
Gallery
Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin off Khasab
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See also
References
- ^ أ ب Karim, Rose Yasmin (February 21, 2009), Fjords & flippers, http://thestar.com.my/lifestyle/story.asp?file=/2009/2/21/lifetravel/3186492&sec=lifetravel, retrieved on November 11, 2009
- ^ Khasab, Oman Air, http://www.omanair.aero/wy/oman_air_holidays/destinations/oman/holidays_khasab.htm, retrieved on November 11, 2009
- ^ Musandam is a glimpse of the real Arabia, Travel Weekly, September 28, 2006, http://www.travelweekly.co.uk/Articles/2006/09/28/22506/musandam-is-a-glimpse-of-the-real-arabia.html, retrieved on November 11, 2009
- ^ A Mountain Of Thirst, Outlook, February 2, 2004, http://www.outlookindia.com/diary.asp?fodname=20040202&authorname=Tim+Irwin&subsubsecname=Dubai, retrieved on November 11, 2009
- ^ Lancaster, Fidelity; Lancaster, William (2011). Honour is in Contentment: Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 3–598. ISBN 978-3-1102-2339-2.
- ^ "Fleet". National Ferries Company. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
- ^ أ ب ت Wells, Rhona (February 1, 2004), The Norway of Arabia, The Middle East, http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+Norway+of+Arabia:+Rhona+Wells+travelled+to+Musandam,+which...-a0113897766, retrieved on November 11, 2009
- ^ Al Shaibany, Saleb (November 1, 2009). "US sanctions help Omani fishermen survive as smugglers". The National. Retrieved November 11, 2009.
- ^ Dive-Khasab
- ^ June 2011 Global Weather Extremes Summary, Weather Underground, September 8, 2011, http://www.wunderground.com/blog/weatherhistorian/article.html?entrynum=32, retrieved on September 8, 2011
- ^ Masters, Jeff (22 June 2017). "A World Record Low Humidity? 116°F With a 0.36% Humidity in Iran". Weather Underground. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
- ^ "Khasab Climate Normals 1961-1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 15, 2013.
External links
- Dolphins in Khasab, Musandam, Oman Tour (YouTube)
- Khasab Mussandam coastal road on motorcycles
- Dhow cruise and snorkeling in Khasab, Musandam peninsula, Oman
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| ولاية خصب |
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|---|---|
| ولاية دبا | |
| ولاية بخا | |
| ولاية مدحاء | |
