المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية

المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية

Южный федеральный округ
المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية Южный федеральный округ
منطقة اتحادية روسية
	Map showing location of Russia's Southern Federal District, in southwestern Russia. (Crimea, whose annexation by Russia from Ukraine is mostly unrecognized internationally, is shown in orange.)
	الإحداثيات: 47°N 42°E / 47°N 42°E
Country	روسيا
Established	13 May 2000
Administrative centre	Rostov-on-Don
الحكومة
• المندوب الرئاسي	ڤلاديمير أوستينوف
المساحة
• Total	447٬900 كم² (172٬900 ميل²)
ترتيب المساحة	7th
التعداد (2010 Census)
• Total	16٬319٬253
• الترتيب	4th
• الكثافة	33٫1/km2 (86/sq mi)
• Urban	62٫4%
• الريف	37٫6%
GDP
• Total	₽ 9.816 trillion; US$ 140 billion (2022)
• Per capita	₽ 588,461; US$ 8,419 (2022)
Federal constituent entity	6 contained
Economic regions	1 contained
HDI (2022)	0.764; high · 7th
الموقع الإلكتروني	ufo.gov.ru

المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية (روسية: Ю́жный федера́льный о́круг، Yuzhny federalny okrug، Southern Federal District)، هي إحدى المناطق الاتحادية التسعة الروسية. كان اسمها منطقة شمال القوقاز الاتحادية عند تأسيسها في مايو 2000، لكن سرعان ما أعيد تسميتها لأسباب سياسية. في 19 يناير 2010، انقسمت المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية إلى قسمين، وأصبحت أراضيها الجنوبية السابقة تشكل منطقة شمال القوقاز الاتحادية الجديدة.^[6]

عدد سكانها 13.854..334 نسمة (62.4% حضر)، حسب تعداد 2010،^[1] يعيشون على مساحة تمتد إلى 589.200 كم².

المبعوث الرئاسي الحالي هو وزير العدل الروسي السابق ڤلاديمير أوستينوڤ.

المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية

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المنطقة الاتحادية الجنوبية in Russia

التاريخ

The Southern Federal District was originally called the North Caucasian Federal District when it was founded on 13 May 2000, but was renamed for political reasons on 21 June 2000. On 19 January 2010, the Southern Federal District was split in two, with its former southern territories forming a new North Caucasian Federal District.^[7]

On 28 July 2016, Crimean Federal District (which contains the Republic of Crimea and the Federal city of Sevastopol) was abolished and merged into Southern Federal District in order to "improve the governance".^[8] Crimean Federal District was established on 21 March 2014 after the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.^[9] The federal district includes both the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol, both recognized as part of Ukraine by most of the international community. Ukraine considers the area, along with the areas of Luhansk People's Republic, the Donetsk People's Republic, Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, as temporarily occupied territories.^[10]^[11] Its population was 13,854,334 (62.4% urban) according to the 2010 Census,^[1] living in an area of 420,900 square kilometers (162,500 sq mi).^[3]

الديموغرافيا

الكيانات الاتحادية

مقال رئيسي: الكيانات الاتحادية الروسية

An official government translation of the constitution of Russia from Russian to English uses the term "constituent entities of the Russian Federation". For example, Article 5 reads: "The Russian Federation shall consist of republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, an autonomous oblast and autonomous okrugs, which shall have equal rights as constituent entities of the Russian Federation."^[12] A translation provided by Garant-Internet instead uses the term "subjects of the Russian Federation".^[13]

Tom Fennell, a translator, told the 2008 American Translators Association conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation" is a better translation than "subject".^[14] This was supported by Tamara Nekrasova, Head of Translation Department at Goltsblat BLP, saying in a 2011 presentation at a translators conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation is more appropriate than subject of the Russian Federation (subject would be OK for a monarchy)".^[15]

1 2 3 4 5 6 A B
#	Flag	Coat of Arms	Constituent entities	Area in km²^[3]	Population	Capital/administrative center	Map of Administrative Division
1			Republic of Adygea	7,800	496,934	Maykop
2			Astrakhan Oblast	49,000	960,142	Astrakhan
3			Republic of Kalmykia	74,700	267,133	Elista
4			Krasnodar Krai	75,500	5,838,273	Krasnodar
5			Rostov Oblast	101,000	4,200,729	Rostov-on-Don
6			Volgograd Oblast	112,900	2,500,781	Volgograd
Disputed territories
A			Republic of Crimea^[أ]	26,100	1,934,630	Simferopol
B			Sevastopol^[أ]	900	547,820	Sevastopol

-			Donetsk People's Republic^[ب]	26,517	4,100,280	Donetsk

-			Kherson Oblast^[ب]	28,461	1,016,707	Henichesk

-			Luhansk People's Republic^[ب]	26,684	2,121,322	Luhansk

-			Zaporozhye Oblast^[ب]	27,183	1,638,462	Melitopol
^ ^أ ^ب Annexed by Russia in 2014; recognized internationally as a part of Ukraine. ^ ^أ ^ب ^ت ^ث Annexed by Russia in 2022; recognized internationally as a part of Ukraine.

الجماعات العرقية

Ethnic composition, according to the 2010 census: Total - 13 854 334 people.

روس - 11,602,452 (83.75%)
أرمن - 442,505 (3.19%)
أوكران - 212 674 (1.54%)
قزاق - 205 364 (1.48%)
Kalmyks - 172,242 (1.24%)
تتر - 127,455 (0.92%)
Adyghe (Circassian) - 121 391 (0.88%)
آذريون - 52 871 (0.38%)
أتراك - 51,367 (0.37%)
غجر - 46,067 (0.33%)
Belarusians - 44 723 (0.32%)
شيشان - 34,593 (0.25%)
گرج - 31,018 (0.22%)
ألمان - 29 312 (0.21%)
Koreans - 27,640 (0.20%)
يونان - 27,313 (0.20%)
Dargins - 24 815 (0.18%)
أوزبك - 16 361 (0.12%)
Avars - 16,061 (0.12%)
Moldovans - 15 888 (0.11%)
Lezgins - 15 241 (0.11%)
Chuvash - 12 329 (0.09%)
أكراد - 12,056 (0.09%)
بشكير - 4 942 (0.06%)
Persons who did not indicate their nationality: 240 609 people. (1.74%)
Representatives of other nationalities: 729,572 people. (5.26%)

العمر المتوقع

Life expectancy at birth in the Southern Federal District, 1990–2021^[16]^[17]

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys

№	Name (envoy)	Photo	Term of office			Appointed by
№	Name (envoy)	Photo	Start of term	End of term	Length of service	Appointed by
1	Viktor Kazantsev		18 May 2000	9 March 2004	3 years, 296 days (&&&&&&&&&&&01391.&&&&&01٬391 days)	Vladimir Putin
2	Vladimir Yakovlev		9 March 2004	13 September 2004	188 days
3	Dmitry Kozak		13 September 2004	24 September 2007	3 years, 11 days (&&&&&&&&&&&01106.&&&&&01٬106 days)
4	Grigory Rapota		24 September 2007	14 May 2008	&&&&&&&&&&&&0233.&&&&&0233 days
5	Vladimir Ustinov		14 May 2008	present	16 years, 317 days (&&&&&&&&&&&06161.&&&&&06٬161 days)	Dmitry Medvedev

المصادر

^ ^أ ^ب ^ت ^ث ^ج Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1". Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
^ Putin, V. (13 May 2000). "Указ Президента Российской Федерации о полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District] (in الروسية). Retrieved 27 June 2024 – via Wikisource.
^ ^أ ^ب ^ت "1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г." [MAIN SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS 2014]. Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators – 2015 (in الروسية). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
^ Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2022 гг., rosstat.gov.ru, https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/VRP_s_1998.xlsx
^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-07-20.
^ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District).
^ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District).
^ "Крымский федеральный округ включен в состав Южного федерального округа" (in الروسية). Interfax. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
^ "В России создан Крымский федеральный округ". RBC. March 21, 2014.
^ Law about occupied territories of Ukraine. Mirror Weekly. 15 May 2014
^ Higher educational institutions at the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine will not work – the minister of education. Newsru. 1 October 2014
^ "Constitution of the Russian Federation". Government of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
^ "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". Garant-Internet. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
^ Knizhnik, Irina (2009). "On legal terminology, the jury is still out" (PDF). SlavFile. Slavic Languages Division, American Translators Association. 18 (1): 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
^ Nekrasova, Tamara (2011). "Traps & Mishaps in Legal Translation" (PDF). Eulita. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
^ "Демографический ежегодник России" [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in الروسية). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved 2022-06-01.
^ "Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении" [Life expectancy at birth]. Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System of Russia (in الروسية). Retrieved 2022-06-01.

وصلات خارجية

الكلمات الدالة:

منطقة شمال القوقاز الاتحادية

[crimea-16] أ ^ب Annexed by Russia in 2014; recognized internationally as a part of Ukraine.

[donetsk-17] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث Annexed by Russia in 2022; recognized internationally as a part of Ukraine.

[2010Census-1] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث ^ج Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1". Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)

[2] Putin, V. (13 May 2000). "Указ Президента Российской Федерации о полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Federal District] (in الروسية). Retrieved 27 June 2024 – via Wikisource.

[area-3] أ ^ب ^ت "1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г." [MAIN SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS 2014]. Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators – 2015 (in الروسية). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 26 July 2016.

[GDP-4] Валовой региональный продукт по субъектам Российской Федерации в 2016-2022 гг., rosstat.gov.ru, https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/VRP_s_1998.xlsx

[GlobalDataLab-5] "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2021-07-20.

[FD-6] Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District).

[7] Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District).

[8] "Крымский федеральный округ включен в состав Южного федерального округа" (in الروسية). Interfax. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

[rbc-9] "В России создан Крымский федеральный округ". RBC. March 21, 2014.

[10] Law about occupied territories of Ukraine. Mirror Weekly. 15 May 2014

[11] Higher educational institutions at the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine will not work – the minister of education. Newsru. 1 October 2014

[gov_constitution-12] "Constitution of the Russian Federation". Government of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 11 August 2022.

[constitution.ru-13] "The Constitution of the Russian Federation". Garant-Internet. Retrieved 11 August 2022.

[14] Knizhnik, Irina (2009). "On legal terminology, the jury is still out" (PDF). SlavFile. Slavic Languages Division, American Translators Association. 18 (1): 20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2022.

[15] Nekrasova, Tamara (2011). "Traps & Mishaps in Legal Translation" (PDF). Eulita. Retrieved 11 August 2022.

[18] "Демографический ежегодник России" [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in الروسية). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved 2022-06-01.

[19] "Ожидаемая продолжительность жизни при рождении" [Life expectancy at birth]. Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System of Russia (in الروسية). Retrieved 2022-06-01.

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v t e تقسيمات روسيا
الكيانات الفدرالية
الجمهوريات	أديگيا ألطاي بشكرتوستان بورياتيا الشيشان تشوفاشيا داغستان إنگوشتيا كبردينو - بلقاريا كالميكيا قرة تشاي - شركسيا كارليا خقاسيا كومي ماري إل موردوفيا أوستيا الشمالية - ألانيا سخا تتارستان توفا اودمورتيا
كرايات	ألطاي كامتشاتكا خبروڤسك كراسنودار كراسنويارسك پـِرم پريمورسكي ستاڤروپول زبايكالسكي
الأوبلاستات	آمور أرخانگلسك أستراخان بلگورود بريانسك تشليابينسك إركوتسك إيڤانوڤو كاليننگراد كالوگا كِمِروڤو كيروڤ كوستروما كورگان كورسك لنينگراد ليپتسك مگدان موسكو مورمانسك نژني نوڤگورود نوڤگورود نوڤوسيبيرسك اومسك اورنبورگ اوريول بنزا بسكوڤ روستوڤ ريازان سخالين سمارا ساراتوڤ سمولنسك سڤردلوڤسك تامبوڤ تومسك تولا تڤِر تيومن اوليانوڤسك ڤلاديمير ڤولگوگراد ڤولوگدا ڤورونيژ ياروسلاڤل
المدن الاتحادية	موسكو سانت پطرسبورگ
الحكم الذاتي	منطقة يهودية
الاُكروگات ذاتية	تشوكوتكا خانتي-مانسي¹ ننتسيا² ياماليا¹
¹تابعة ادارياً لاُبلاست تيومن ² تابعة ادارياً لاُبلاست أرخانگلسك المناطق الفدرالية: الوسطى الشرق الأقصى شمال غربية السيبيرية الجنوبية الأورالية پريڤولجسكي (ڤولگا)