اللغة الپولندية
Polish | |
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polski | |
النطق | [ˈpɔlskʲi] (![]() |
موطنها | Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, central-western Lithuania, bordering regions of western Ukraine and western Belarus, Romania, Moldova. See also Polish diaspora. |
العرق | Poles Kashubs Silesians |
الناطقون الأصليون | 55 million (2010)ne2010 |
الصيغ المبكرة | |
Latin (Polish alphabet) Polish Braille | |
System Językowo-Migowy (SJM) | |
الوضع الرسمي | |
لغة رسمية في | ![]() ![]() |
لغة أقلية معترف بها في | |
ينظمها | Polish Language Council (of the Polish Academy of Sciences) |
أكواد اللغات | |
ISO 639-2 | pol |
ISO 639-2 | pol |
ISO 639-3 | pol – inclusive codeIndividual code: szl – Silesian |
Glottolog | poli1260 |
Linguasphere | 53-AAA-cc 53-AAA-b..-d |
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الپولندية (język polski [jɛ̃zɨk ˈpɔlskʲi] ( استمع), polszczyzna, or simply polski) هي اللغة الرسمية في بولندا ، وهي تعتبر من اللغات السلافية الغربية.
التوزيع الجغرافي
Geographic language distribution maps of Poland from pre-WWII to present
The "Recovered Territories" (in pink) are those parts of Germany and the Free City of Gdańsk that became part of Poland after World War II. Gray color, territories lost to the Soviet Union followed by mass Polish population transfers (1944–46)
اللهجات
The oldest printed text in Polish – Statuta synodalia Episcoporum Wratislaviensis printed in 1475 in Wrocław by Kasper Elyan.
Phonology
See also
- Adam Mickiewicz Institute
- Holy Cross Sermons
- University of Łódź School of Polish for Foreigners
- Slavic languages
- West Slavic languages
- West Slavs
- Slavs
- Slavic vocabulary
- A Translation Guide to 19th-Century Polish-Language Civil-Registration Documents
- BABEL Speech Corpus
الهامش
- ^ أ ب ت European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
- ^ Nyelvi sokszínűség az EU-ban
- ^ Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
- ^ Minority related national legislation of Lithuania
- ^ "Law of Ukraine "On Principles of State Language Policy" (Current version — Revision from 01.02.2014)". Document 5029-17, Article 7: Regional or minority languages Ukraine, Paragraph 2. Zakon2.rada.gov.ua. 1 February 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
للاستزادة
- Bisko, Wacław (1966). Mówimy po polsku. A beginner's course of Polish (DTBook). translated and adapted by Stanisław Kryński. Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna (pl).
- Sadowska, Iwona (2012). Polish: A Comprehensive Grammar. Oxford; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-47541-9.
- Swan, Oscar E. (2002). A Grammar of Contemporary Polish. Bloomington, IN: Slavica. ISBN 0-89357-296-9.
وصلات خارجية
اللغة الپولندية edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Polish.
Find more about اللغة الپولندية at Wikipedia's sister projects | |
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Definitions from Wiktionary |
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Media from Commons |
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Quotations from Wikiquote |
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Textbooks from Wikibooks |
- Interpreting Translation Polish-English Site
- Basic Polish Phrases
- Basic Polish Phrases Audio Course
- Polish Pronunciation Audio and Grammar Charts
- King's College London: Polish Language Resources
- University of Pittsburgh: Polish Language Website
- "A Touch of Polish", BBC
- A Grammar of the Polish Language
- A Concise Polish Grammar, by Ronald F. Feldstein (110-page 600-KB pdf)
- Oscar Swan's Electronic Polish-English, English-Polish dictionary
- English-Polish Online Dictionary[dead link]
- Basic English-Polish Dictionary
- Big English-Polish Dictionary with example sentences from translation memories
- Polish Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words from Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix
- Learn Polish—List of Online Polish Courses
- Polish English wordlist, 600 terms
- A taste of linguistic diversity of contemporary Poland, Culture.pl
- KELLY Project word list 9000 most useful words for learners of Polish
- Dictionaries24.com Online dictionary with English-Polish and Polish-English translations
قالب:Polish language قالب:Languages of Poland قالب:Languages of Belarus
خطأ لوا في وحدة:Authority_control على السطر 278: attempt to call field '_showMessage' (a nil value). ru-sib:Польской говор
الكلمات الدالة:
تصنيفات:
- Languages which need ISO 639-3 comment
- Languages with ISO 639-2 code
- Languages with ISO 639-1 code
- Articles citing Nationalencyklopedin
- Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page
- Articles with dead external links from July 2018
- Polish language
- Languages of Belarus
- Languages of Lithuania
- Languages of Poland
- Languages of Ukraine
- Lechitic languages
- Subject–verb–object languages
- West Slavic languages
- لغات پولندا
- لغات سلافية غربية
- پولندا
- لغات الاتحاد الأوروبي