جلور گميلاڠ

Malaysia

Jalur Gemilang ('Stripes of Glory')
الاستخدام	علم وطني
النـِسـَب	1:2
اِعتـُمِد	26 May 1950 (original 11-point star and 11 stripes) 16 September 1963 (current 14-point star and 14 stripes)
التصميم	Fourteen horizontal stripes alternating red and white; in the canton, a yellow crescent and fourteen-point star on a blue field
صممه	Mohamed Hamzah

The flag of Malaysia (ملايو: Jalur Gemilang, lit. 'Stripes of Glory') is composed of a field of 14 alternating red and white stripes along the fly and a blue canton bearing a crescent and a 14-point star known as the Bintang Persekutuan (Federal Star). The 14 stripes, of equal width, represent the equal status in the federation of the 13 member states and the federal territories, while the 14 points of the star represent the unity between these entities. The crescent represents Islam, the country's state religion; the blue canton symbolises the unity of the Malaysian people; the yellow of the star and crescent is the royal colour of the Malay rulers.

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 History

Flag ratio: 1:2. Flag of Malaya in use from 1950 to 1963.

The flag, first raised on 16 September 1963, originated from the flag of the Federation of Malaya. Prior to the creation of the national flag, each state in Malaya had its own flag, many of which are unchanged in design to this day.

The design of the flag is based on those of two existing flags, the flag of Majapahit and the flag of Johor, where the stripes from the flag of Majapahit were incorporated together with the canton containing the crescent and star from the flag of Johor.

 Historical flags

المقالة الرئيسية: List of Malaysian flags

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  Flag of the Kingdom of Sarawak from 1870 to 1946.

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  Flag of North Borneo from 1882 to 1948.

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  Flag of the Crown Colony of North Borneo from 1948 to 1963.

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  Flag of the Crown Colony of Sarawak from 1946 to 1963.

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  Flag of the Crown Colony of Labuan from 1912 to 1946.

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  Flag of the Straits Settlements from 1874 to 1942.

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  Flag of Crown Colony of Penang from 1946 to 1949.

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  Flag of Crown Colony of Malacca from 1946 to 1957.

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  Flag of the Crown Colony of Singapore from 1946 to 1952.

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  Flag of the Crown Colony of Singapore from 1952 to 1959.

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  Flag of the Federated Malay States from 1896 to 1946.
  Flag of the Malayan Union from 1946 to 1948
  Flag of the Federation of Malaya 1948 to 1950.

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  Flag of the Federation of Malaya from 1950 to 1963.

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  Flag of Malaysia in current use.

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  Construction of the Malaysian flag.

 Flag anthem

The flag anthem is written as dedication and pride of the Malaysian national flag. It is performed on Hari Merdeka, the nation's independence day on 31 August every year. The original anthem Benderaku was written by Malaysian songwriter Tony Fonseka. After the flag was given the name Jalur Gemilang, the flag anthem was updated in 1997 to reflect this change. This was then followed by an introduction of a new flag anthem, with arrangements by Malaysian songwriter Pak Ngah and lyrics by Malaysian songwriter Siso Kopratasa.

Jalur Gemilang by Tony Fonseka Jalur Gemilang yang gagah perkasa Merah putih kuning biru warnanya Berkibar megah penuh bercahaya Pusaka kita rakyat Malaysia Jalur Gemilang, oh benderaku Kupertahankan sepenuh ragaku Dikaulah lambang negara berpadu Di bawah naungan Duli Tuanku Berkibar terus oh benderaku Kaukan kujunjung sepanjang waktu Harumlah nama negara yang tercinta Padamu tempat taat dan setia Jalur Gemilang, bendera kita Kemegahan rakyat kita semua Berkibar berkibar di ruang angkasa Dirgahayu bendera tercinta!

English translation The Mighty Stripes of Glory Red, White, Yellow and Blue are the colours Flying high up in the skies The legacy of all of us Malaysians O my flag, The Stripes of Glory I will defend it with all of my might The Symbol of a unified nation Under the patronage of His Royal Highness Fly high o my flag I will raise it all the time O shine up, my beloved nation To you, I swear my full allegiance The Stripes of Glory, our flag The pride of all of us Fly, fly high up in the skies Long live our beloved flag!

Jalur Gemilang by Pak Ngah & Siso Kopratasa (Malay) Merahmu bara semangat waja Putihmu bersih budi pekerti Kuning berdaulat payung negara Biru perpaduan kami semua Puncak dunia telah kautawan Lautan luas telah kauredah Membawa semangat jiwa Merdeka Semarak jaya kami warganya Empat belas melintang jalurnya Semua negeri dalam Malaysia Satu suara satu semangat Itu sumpah warga berdaulat Jalur Gemilang di bawah naunganmu Jalur Gemilang kami semua bersatu Perpaduan ketaatan Amalan murni rakyat Malaysia Jalur Gemilang megah kami terasa Jalur Gemilang kibarkanlah wawasan Merah, putih, biru, kuning Jalur semangat kami semua (2x) Berkibarlah!, berkibarlah!, berkibarlah!, Jalur Gemilang!

English Translation Your Red represents steely will Your White represents clean and kind character Yellow of the Sovereign, the country's protector Blue for all of us in unity You have reached the heights of the world You have travelled the wide waters Bearing the spirit of independence We are members of its successful will Fourteen stripes across For each of the states of Malaysia One voice, one spirit So its sovereign citizens solemnly swear Stripes of Glory, beneath your care Stripes of Glory, we unite Unity and loyalty Are the noble values of the Malaysian people Stripes of Glory, how proud we feel Stripes of Glory, proclaim our vision Red, white, blue, yellow Are the stripes of our resolve (2x) Flutter-on, flutter-on, flutter-on Stripes of Glory!

 Other ensigns and flags

Government vessels use the Jalur Gemilang as the state ensign. The following is a table of the other ensigns used in Malaysia with the national flag inside.

Flag	Type	Description	Flag ratio
	Civil ensign	The civil ensign of Malaysia used by civilian vessels has a red background with the Jalur Gemilang in a blue-fimbriated canton.	1:2
	Malaysian Government blue ensign	The flag used by the Malaysian Government has a dark blue background with the Jalur Gemilang in the canton.	1:2
	Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency blue ensign	The flag used by the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency has a dark blue background with the Jalur Gemilang in the canton and the logo of the agency in the fly.	1:2
	Army ensign	The flag used by the Malaysian Army has a red background with the Jalur Gemilang in the canton and the army emblem in the fly.	1:2
	Air Force ensign	The flag used by the Royal Malaysian Air Force has a pale blue background with the Jalur Gemilang in the canton and the Bintang Persekutuan (14-point star) in the fly.	1:2
	Naval ensign	The flag used by the Royal Malaysian Navy has a white background with the Jalur Gemilang in a red-fimbriated canton and an emblem consisting of an anchor and two crossed traditional kris (daggers) in the fly. Naval ships of the Royal Malaysian Navy use this flag as the naval ensign.	1:2

 Federal Star (Bintang Persekutuan)

The Federal Star is similar in concept of Australia's Commonwealth Star in that it symbolises the unity of states in the Malaysian federation and its Federal government, featuring 14 points to represent each of the federation's 14 states. It is also used on the Royal Malaysian Air Force roundel, the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) flag and the former United Malayan Banking Corporation (UMBC) logo.

The Patani Malayu National Revolutionary Front, a Southern Thai Malay separatist group involved in the South Thailand insurgency, originally adopted an independence flag that incorporated a crescent and 15-point variation of the Federal Star on its flag to represent the southernmost Thai provinces' closer tie to Malay and Muslim-majority Malaysia over that of Thailand.

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  Royal Malaysian Air Force roundel.

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  Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) flag.

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  Deprecated Patani Malayu National Revolutionary Front flag, with a crescent and 15-point Federal Star.

 See also

• List of Malaysian flags
• List of Malaysian patriotic songs

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 External links

• Media related to National flag of Malaysia at Wikimedia Commons
• Malaysia at Flags of the World
• Muhamad Razif Nasruddin; Zarul Nazli bin Zulkhurnain (2012). "The History and Design Chronology of Jalur Gemilang" (PDF). Malaysia Design Archive. Make Condition Design.