پساي (حرف إغريقي)

أبجدية إغريقية
Α α ألفا	Ν ν نو
Β β ϐ بـِتا	Ξ ξ كساي
Γ γ گاما	Ο ο اومايكرون
Δ δ دلتا	Π π ϖ پاي
Ε ε إپسيلون	Ρ ρ ϱ رو
Ζ ζ زيتا	Σ σ ς سـِگما
Η η إتا	Τ τ تاو
Θ θ ϑ ثـِتا	Υ ϒ υ اوپسيلون
Ι ι أيوتا	Φ φ ϕ فاي
Κ κ ϰ كپا	Χ χ كاي
Λ λ لامدا	Ψ ψ پساي
Μ μ ميو	Ω ω اومـِگا
حروف بائدة
Ϝ ϝ ديگاما	قپا
Ϻ ϻ سان	سامپي
حروف أخرى
Ϛ ϛ ستيگما	Ϸ ϸ شو
هـِتا	J ȷ يت
	تشكيل الحروف الإغريقية

پسي (باليونانية ψι/ψῖ) هو أحد حروف الأبجدية الإغريقية، يأخذ الحرف شكلين الكبير (Ψ) والصغير (ψ). وفي حقل الفلك يشير هذا الحرف الى النجم الثالث والعشرين من حيث السطوع في كوكبة من كوكبات السماء ومثاله (پساي التنين)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Use as a symbol

The letter psi is commonly used in physics to represent wave functions in quantum mechanics, such as in the Schrödinger equation and bra–ket notation: $\langle \phi |\psi \rangle$ . It is also used to represent the (generalized) positional states of a qubit in a quantum computer.

Psi is also used as the symbol for the polygamma function, defined by

\psi ^{(m)}(z)={\frac {d^{m}}{dz^{m}}}{\frac {\Gamma '(z)}{\Gamma (z)}}

where $\Gamma (z)$ is the gamma function.

The letters Ψ or ψ can also be a symbol for:

psychology, psychiatry, and sometimes parapsychology (involving paranormal or relating with the supernatural subjects, especially research into extrasensory perception).
In mathematics, the reciprocal Fibonacci constant.
Water potential in movement of water between plant cells.
In biochemistry, it denotes the rare nucleotide pseudouridilic acid.
Stream function in fluid mechanics defining the curve to which the flow velocity is always tangent.
One of the dihedral angles in the backbones of proteins
The planet Neptune
Indiana University (as a superimposed I and U)
Gangster Disciples
A sai, the name of which is pronounced the same way.
Pharmacology, general pharmacy
In virology the ψ site is a viral packaging signal.
The J/ψ meson, in particle physics.
In the computability theory, $\psi _{P}(x)\,\!$ represents the return value $Y\,\!$ of a program $P\,\!$ .
In circadian physiology, ψ represents the phase relationship between a zeitgeber and a biological rhythm.
In building, to represent an adjustment to a U-value, accounting for thermal bridge effects.
The ordinal collapsing function and notation developed by Wilfried Buchholz^[1]

Character Encodings

Greek / Coptic Psi

الحرف	Ψ		ψ		ᴪ		Ⲯ		ⲯ
Unicode name	GREEK CAPITAL LETTER PSI		GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI		GREEK LETTER SMALL CAPITAL PSI		COPTIC CAPITAL LETTER PSI		COPTIC SMALL LETTER PSI
Encodings	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex
يونيكود	936	U+03A8	968	U+03C8	7466	U+1D2A	11438	U+2CAE	11439	U+2CAF
UTF-8	206 168	CE A8	207 136	CF 88	225 180 170	E1 B4 AA	226 178 174	E2 B2 AE	226 178 175	E2 B2 AF
Numeric character reference	Ψ	Ψ	ψ	ψ	ᴪ	ᴪ	Ⲯ	Ⲯ	ⲯ	ⲯ
Named character reference	Ψ		ψ
DOS Greek	150	96	175	AF
DOS Greek-2	212	D4	246	F6
Windows 1253	216	D8	248	F8
TeX	\Psi		\psi

^[2]

Cyrillic Psi

الحرف	Ѱ		ѱ
Unicode name	CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER PSI		CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER PSI
Encodings	decimal	hex	decimal	hex
يونيكود	1136	U+0470	1137	U+0471
UTF-8	209 176	D1 B0	209 177	D1 B1
Numeric character reference	Ѱ	Ѱ	ѱ	ѱ

Mathematical Psi

الحرف	𝚿		𝛙		𝛹		𝜓		𝜳		𝝍
Unicode name	MATHEMATICAL BOLD CAPITAL PSI		MATHEMATICAL BOLD SMALL PSI		MATHEMATICAL ITALIC CAPITAL PSI		MATHEMATICAL ITALIC SMALL PSI		MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL PSI		MATHEMATICAL BOLD ITALIC SMALL PSI
Encodings	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex
يونيكود	120511	U+1D6BF	120537	U+1D6D9	120569	U+1D6F9	120595	U+1D713	120627	U+1D733	120653	U+1D74D
UTF-8	240 157 154 191	F0 9D 9A BF	240 157 155 153	F0 9D 9B 99	240 157 155 185	F0 9D 9B B9	240 157 156 147	F0 9D 9C 93	240 157 156 179	F0 9D 9C B3	240 157 157 141	F0 9D 9D 8D
Numeric character reference	𝚿	𝚿	𝛙	𝛙	𝛹	𝛹	𝜓	𝜓	𝜳	𝜳	𝝍	𝝍

الحرف	𝝭		𝞇		𝞧		𝟁
Unicode name	MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD CAPITAL PSI		MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD SMALL PSI		MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC CAPITAL PSI		MATHEMATICAL SANS-SERIF BOLD ITALIC SMALL PSI
Encodings	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex	decimal	hex
يونيكود	120685	U+1D76D	120711	U+1D787	120743	U+1D7A7	120769	U+1D7C1
UTF-8	240 157 157 173	F0 9D 9D AD	240 157 158 135	F0 9D 9E 87	240 157 158 167	F0 9D 9E A7	240 157 159 129	F0 9D 9F 81
Numeric character reference	𝝭	𝝭	𝞇	𝞇	𝞧	𝞧	𝟁	𝟁

These characters are used only as mathematical symbols. Stylized Greek text should be encoded using the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style.

Notes and references

^ Buchholz, 1986 (Ann. Pure Appl. Logic)
^ Unicode Code Charts: Greek and Coptic (Range: 0370-03FF)

هذه بذرة مقالة عن علم اللسانيات تحتاج للنمو والتحسين، ساهم في إثرائها بالمشاركة في تحريرها.

[1] Buchholz, 1986 (Ann. Pure Appl. Logic)

[2] Unicode Code Charts: Greek and Coptic (Range: 0370-03FF)

[1]

[2]

Use as a symbol

Character Encodings

See also

Notes and references