يو بي إس (مصرف)

(تم التحويل من يو بي إس (شركة))
UBS Group AG
سابقاً
Union Bank of Switzerland (1862–1998)
النوعPublic (Aktiengesellschaft)
رمز التداول
ISINCH0244767585
الصناعةBanking, Financial services
السابق
تأسست29 يونيو 1998; منذ 26 سنة (1998-06-29 (through the merger of Union Bank of Switzerland and Swiss Bank Corporation)
المقر الرئيسيBahnhofstrasse 45
Zürich, Switzerland 8001
نطاق الخدمةWorldwide
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
المنتجات
الدخل US$35.54 billion (2021)[2]
ربح العمليات US$9.48 billion (2021)[2]
US$7.46 billion (2021)[2]
إجمالي الأصولDecrease US$1.12 trillion (2021)[2]
إجمالي الأنصبة US$60.66 billion (2021)[2]
الموظفون71,385 (end 2021)[3]
نسبة رأس المال 35.2% (2020)
التصنيفStandard & Poor's: A+
Moody's: Aa2
Fitch Ratings: AA-
الموقع الإلكترونيubs.com
Footnotes / references
UBS Institutional Reporting as of: end of 2021[2]

يو بي إس UBS Group AG[nb 1] is a multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland. Co-headquartered in the cities of Zürich and Basel, it maintains a presence in all major financial centres as the largest Swiss banking institution and the largest private bank in the world. UBS client services are known for their strict bank–client confidentiality and culture of banking secrecy.[nb 2] Because of the bank's large positions in the Americas, EMEA, and Asia Pacific markets, the Financial Stability Board considers it a global systemically important bank.

Apart from private banking, UBS provides wealth management, asset management, and investment banking services for private, corporate, and institutional clients with international service. UBS manages the largest amount of private wealth in the world, counting approximately half of the world's billionaires among its clients. Despite its trimming of sell-side operations, UBS maintains a global investment bank and is considered a primary market maker. The bank also maintains numerous underground bank vaults, bunkers, and storage facilities for gold bars around the Swiss Alps and internationally. Partly due to its banking secrecy, it has been at the centre of numerous tax avoidance investigations undertaken by U.S., French, German, Israeli, and Belgian authorities. UBS operations in Switzerland and the United States were respectively ranked first and second on the 2018 Financial Secrecy Index.

اعتبارا من مايو 2022, UBS is the 3rd largest bank in Europe with a market capitalization of $63 billion.[14] It is one of the nine global "Bulge Bracket" banks. It has over CHF3.2 trillion in assets under management (AUM), approximately CHF 2.8 trillion of which are invested assets.[15] In June 2017, its return on invested capital was 11.1%, followed by Goldman Sachs' 9.35%, and JPMorgan Chase's 9.456%.[16] In late 2016, UBS established a blockchain technology research lab in London to advance its cyber security and encryption of client activities. Based on regional deal flow and political influence, UBS is considered one of the "biggest, most powerful financial institutions in the world".[17][18] The company's capital strength, security protocols, and reputation for discretion have yielded a substantial market share in banking and a high level of brand loyalty. Alternatively, it receives routine criticism for facilitating tax noncompliance and off-shore financing. UBS is a primary dealer and Forex counterparty of the U.S. Federal Reserve.

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التاريخ

UBS was founded in 1862 as the Bank in Winterthur.[19] This development came with the formation of the series of modern Swiss Grossbanken (big banks) in the latter part of the 19th century.[20] The name of the bank was derived from the town of Winterthur, which served as Switzerland's industrial hub in the 19th century.[21] By 1854, six private bankers in Basel founded the Swiss Bank Corporation (SBC) to cater to the increasing credit needs of Swiss railroad and manufacturing companies.[22] It formed a private banking syndicate that expanded, aided by Switzerland's international neutrality.[بحاجة لمصدر] In 1912, the Bank of Winterthur merged with Toggenburger Bank to form the Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS)[19] and grew rapidly after the Banking Law of 1934 codified Swiss banking secrecy. Following decades of market competition between Union Bank of Switzerland and the Swiss Bank Corporation (SBC), the two merged in 1998 to create a single company known solely as "UBS".[nb 3] UBS does not stand for Union Bank of Switzerland. In fact, that was one of the more than 370 financial firms that have, since 1862, become part of today's UBS. During the 2008 financial crisis, UBS managed heavy losses with an asset relief recovery program.[بحاجة لمصدر] In 2011, the company was hit by the 2011 rogue trader scandal resulting in a US$2 billion trading loss.[24] In 2012, the bank reoriented itself around wealth management advisory services and limited its sell side operations.


الهيكل الاداري

UBS Investment Bank's New York offices at 299 Park Avenue
UBS Investment Bank's offices in Stamford, Connecticut. At roughly the size of two American football fields it is the largest trading floor in the world. Following an expansion in 2002, the trading floor covers 103,000-square-foot (9,600 m2) with 40-foot (12 m) arched ceilings. Over $1 trillion in assets are traded here every trading day. In June 2011, it was announced that UBS was considering moving its North American headquarters back to New York City, and that the bank was looking at office space in Midtown and in the rebuilt World Trade Center[25]



UBS PaineWebber logo in use from 2001 until 2003 when the use of the Paine Webber brand was dropped
Warburg Dillon Read (originally SBC-Warburg Dillon Read) was the brand used for the Investment Banking division of Swiss Bank Corporation and later UBS from 1997 to 1999.
UBS Warburg was the brand used for the Investment Banking division of UBS from 1999 to 2003.


UBS Investment Bank lobby at 299 Park Ave in New York


UBS

(اندمجت في 1998)

Union Bank of Switzerland
اتحاد بنوك سويسرا

Union Bank of Switzerland
(originally Swiss Banking Association, merged 1912)

Bank in Winterthur
(est. 1862)

Toggenburger Bank
(est. 1863)

Aargauische Kreditanstalt
(merged 1915, acq. 1919)

Aargauische Kreditanstalt
(est. 1872)

Bank in Baden
(est. 1863)

Eidgenössische Bank
(est. 1863, acq. 1945)

Interhandel
(est. 1928, acq. 1967)

Phillips & Drew
(est. 1895 as G.A. Phillips & Co., acq. 1986)

Chase Investors Management Corporation
(est. 1972 as subsidiary

Schroder, Munchmeyer, Hengst & Co.
(merged 1969, acq. 1997)

Schröder Brothers & Co.
(est. 1846)

Münchmeyer & Co.
(est. 1855)

Frederick Hengst & Co.

Swiss Bank Corporation
Swiss Bank Corporation

Swiss Bank Corporation
(merged 1897)

Basler & Zürcher Bankverein
(est. 1880)

Basler Banvkerein
(est. 1856 as Bankverein, renamed in 1872)

Zürcher Bankverein
(est. 1889)

Basler Depositenbank
(est. 1882)

Schweiz Unionbank
(est. 1889)

Basler Handelsbank
(est. 1862, acq. 1945)

O'Connor & Associates
(est. 1977, acq. 1992)

Brinson Partners
(est. 1989, acq. 1994)

Warburg Dillon Read
(merged 1997 under SBC ownership)

S. G. Warburg & Co.
(est. 1946, acq. 1995)

Dillon, Read & Co.
(est. 1832, acq. 1997)

Paine Webber
Paine Webber
(consolidated three subsidiaries in 1984)

Paine, Webber, Jackson & Curtis
(merged 1942)

Paine & Webber
(est. 1880)

Jackson & Curtis
(est. 1879)

Mitchell Hutchins
(est. 1938, acq. 1975)

Blyth, Eastman Dillon & Co.
(merged 1972, acq. 1979)

Blyth & Co.
(est. 1914 as Blyth, Witter & Co.

Eastman Dillon Union Securities & Co.
(merged 1956)

Union Securities
(est. 1939 as spin-off
from J. & W. Seligman & Co.

Eastman Dillon & Co.
(est. 1912)

Kidder, Peabody & Co.
(est. 1864, acq. 1995)

J.C. Bradford & Co.
(est. 1928, acq. 2000)

الادارة

المصادر

  1. ^ "Group Executive Board".
  2. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح "UBS Annual Report 2021: Key figures". UBS. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
  3. ^ "Our employees".
  4. ^ "UBS: Union Bank of Switzerland". Bloomberg (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  5. ^ "UBS Corporate Information: What does 'UBS' stand for?". www.ubs.com (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 16 June 2018. The name 'UBS' came from one of our predecessor firms - the Union Bank of Switzerland. However, just like other prominent brands, which used to be an abbreviation of a company name, UBS is no longer considered an acronym.
  6. ^ O'Donnell, John (28 April 2008). "UBS architect Ospel leaves battered bank". Reuters (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 8 August 2018. The three-times married banker was the architect of what was originally meant to be called United Bank of Switzerland — the fusion of Swiss Bank Corporation and Union Bank of Switzerland in 1998. He later masterminded the acquisition of U.S.-based PaineWebber.
  7. ^ "UBS Organizational Structure: How we are organized". www.ubs.com (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  8. ^ Neghaiwi, Brenna Hughes (31 October 2017). "Exclusive: Swiss prosecutors seek widening of secrecy law to..." Reuters (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 16 June 2018.
  9. ^ "FINRA.org: Customer Information Protection". www.finra.org (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 22 July 2018.
  10. ^ Obringer, Lee Ann (6 November 2007). "How Swiss Bank Accounts Work". HowStuffWorks (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  11. ^ Moscovici, Pierre (27 May 2015). "Fighting tax evasion: EU and Switzerland sign historic tax transparency agreement". europa.eu (in الإنجليزية). European Commission. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  12. ^ Pickert, Kate (26 February 2009). "A Brief History Of: Swiss Banks". Time (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
  13. ^ Phung, Albert (31 March 2018). "How do I open a Swiss bank account, and what makes them so special?". Investopedia (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  14. ^ "Leading banks in Europe as of May 2022, by total assets". ADV Ratings. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  15. ^ Neghaiwi, Brenna Hughes (21 April 2017). "Wealth management boosts UBS profit but future uncertain". Reuters. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  16. ^ Trainer, David (21 December 2017). "Betting On The Future Of Wealth Management With UBS". Forbes. Retrieved 5 April 2018.
  17. ^ Friedersdorf, Conor (31 July 2015). "Hillary Helps a Bank—and Then It Funnels Millions to the Clintons". The Atlantic (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 27 November 2018. The Swiss bank UBS is one of the biggest, most powerful financial institutions in the world.
  18. ^ Ballhaus, Rebecca (21 July 2015). "UBS Deal Shows Clinton's Complicated Ties". The Wall Street Journal (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 27 November 2018.
  19. ^ أ ب Kumar, Rajesh (2014). Strategies of Banks and Other Financial Institutions: Theories and Cases (in الإنجليزية). Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. 380. ISBN 978-0-12-416997-5.
  20. ^ Pohl, Manfred (1994). Handbook on the History of European Banks (in الإنجليزية). Hants, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 1016. ISBN 1-85278-919-0.
  21. ^ UBS (in الإنجليزية). Philadelphia, PA: WETFEET, INC. 2009. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-58207-892-2.
  22. ^ Odekon, Mehmet (2010). Booms and Busts: An Encyclopedia of Economic History from the First Stock Market Crash of 1792 to the Current Global Economic Crisis: An Encyclopedia of Economic History from the First Stock Market Crash of 1792 to the Current Global Economic Crisis (in الإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 849. ISBN 978-0-7656-8224-6.
  23. ^ Odekon, Mehmet (2015). Booms and Busts: An Encyclopedia of Economic History from the First Stock Market Crash of 1792 to the Current Global Economic Crisis (in الإنجليزية). Routledge. p. 850. ISBN 9781317475767. ...A logo of three keys, standing for confidence, security, and discretion, was taken over from [Swiss Bank Corporation]...
  24. ^ Girling, Philippa X. (2013). Operational Risk Management: A Complete Guide to a Successful Operational Risk Framework (in الإنجليزية). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. p. 301. ISBN 978-1-118-53245-4.
  25. ^ UBS Warburg Expansion Creates World’s Largest Trading Floor. UBS Press Release, May 14, 2002


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وصلات خارجية

قالب:UBS AG


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