مذكرة شرق الأردن

Transjordan memorandum approval at the Council of the League of Nations, 16 September 1922

مذكرة شرق الأردن Transjordan memorandum هي مذكرة قدمتها الحكومة البريطانية في أغسطس 1922 إلى عصبة الأمم تنص بتنفيذ الانتداب على فلسطين واستبعاد شرق الأردن من جميع الأحكام التي تتعامل مع الاستيطان اليهودي، وتمت الموافقة على هذه المذكرة من جانب عصبة الأمم في 12 أغسطس 1922.

The memorandum described how the British government planned to implement Article 25 of the Mandate, which had been drafted during the March 1921 Cairo Conference to include Transjordan in the Mandate without applying the provisions regarding Jewish settlement.

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 خلفية

British Government proposal to include Transjordan within the Palestine Mandate via what became "Article 25"

The British Mandate administration in Jerusalem only ever covered the area west of the Jordan, while the area east of the Jordan was administered by the British representative in Ma'an, Captain Alex Kirkbride until the arrival in November 1920 of Abdullah bin al-Hussein, the future Emir. Following the expulsion of Faisal bin Hussein from Syria by the French in July 1920, and the subsequent Cairo Conference, March 1921 they appointed Hussein Emir of Transjordan, while assuring that no Jews would be allowed to settle in Transjordan.

 البند 25

Article 25 of the Mandate for Palestine allowed for the exclusion of Transjordan from unspecified provisions of the Mandate. On 16 September 1922, Lord Balfour, representing the United Kingdom, reminded the Council of the League of Nations of Article 25 of the Mandate for Palestine (which had been previously approved but had not yet come into effect). He then told the council that the British government now proposed to carry out this article, as had always been intended by the League of Nations and the British government. He then presented a memorandum for approval.

 الحدود

The border between the territory of Transjordan and Mandatory Palestine was defined for the first time in the memorandum, as follows:

all territory lying to the east of a line drawn from a point two miles west of the town of Akaba on the Gulf of that name up the centre of the Wady Araba, Dead Sea and River Jordan to its junction with the River Yarmuk: thence up the centre of that river to the Syrian frontier.

The same boundary had been specified by the High Commissioner in September as the line delimiting the region to which the Palestine Order in Council applied.

 استبعاد وتطبيق الانتداب

The memorandum listed as exclusions articles 4, 6, 13, 14, 22, 23, and parts of the Preamble and Articles 2, 7 and 11, including the articles of the Mandate concerning a Jewish national home. It concluded with:

In the application of the Mandate to Transjordan, the action which, in Palestine, is taken by the Administration of the latter country will be taken by the Administration of Transjordan under the general supervision of the Mandatory. His Majesty's Government accept full responsibility as Mandatory for Transjordan, and undertake that such provision as may be made for the administration of that territory in accordance with Article 25 of the Mandate shall be in no way inconsistent with those provisions of the Mandate which are not by this resolution declared inapplicable.

From that point onwards, Britain administered the part west of the Jordan as Palestine, and the part east of the Jordan as Transjordan. Technically they remained one mandate covering 2 territories but most official documents nonetheless referred to them as if they were two separate mandates. In May 1923 Transjordan was granted internal self-government with Abdullah as ruler and Harry St. John Philby as chief representative.

 وصلات خارجية

• "The Palestine Order in Council"/"Palestine Legislative Council Election Order", 10 August 1922
• The international law foundations of Palestinian nationality: a legal examination of nationality in Palestine under Britain's rule
• Jordan — History: The making of Transjordan, King Hussein's official page
• U.S. Library of Congress country study