لوراخ

Lörrach
Aerial view at Lörrach from the north
Coat of arms
Lörrach and surroundings
Lörrach Lörrach
الإحداثيات: 47°37′N 7°40′E
البلد	ألمانيا
الولاية	بادن-ڤورتمبرگ
Admin. region	Freiburg
District	Lörrach
الحكومة
• العمدة	Jörg Lutz
المساحة
• الإجمالي	39٫43 كم² (15٫22 ميل²)
المنسوب	294 m (965 ft)
التعداد  (31 ديسمبر 2006)
• الإجمالي	47٬707
• الكثافة	1٬200/km2 (3٬100/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيت	CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes	79501-79541
Dialling codes	(+49) 07621
لوحة السيارة	LÖ
الموقع الإلكتروني	loerrach.de

Lörrach النطق الألماني: [ˈlœrax] is a city in southwest Germany, in the valley of the Wiese, close to the French and the Swiss borders. It is the capital of the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg. It is the home of a number of large employers, including the Milka chocolate factory owned by Mondelez International. The city population has grown over the last century, with only 10,794 in 1905 it has now increased its population to 49,382.

Nearby is the castle of Rötteln on the Wiesental, whose lords became the counts of Hachberg and a residence of the Margraves of Baden; this was destroyed by the troops of Louis XIV in 1678, but was rebuilt in 1867. Lörrach received market rights in 1403, but it did not obtain the privileges of a city until 1682.

After the Napoleonic epoch, the town was included in the Grand Duchy of Baden. On September 21, 1848, Gustav Struve attempted to start a revolutionary uprising in Lörrach as part of the Revolutions of 1848-49. It failed, and Struve was caught and imprisoned. Still, Lörrach was officially the capital of Germany for a day.

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 Geography

Lörrach is located in the southernmost part of the Rhine Rift valley. The depression is created by tectonic movements, and the area has a high earthquake risk. Several times a year, Lörrach is afflicted by slight and medial earthquakes.

The city is located in a valley of the Quaternary period. Lörrach is surrounded by slopes on two sides. The slopes create the southern part of the Wiesental, that is the valley where the Wiese river flows.

Geographical locations of the subdistrict Lörrach:

• Elevation of the deepest place: 272 m (in the valley Wiesental at the border with Switzerland)
• Elevation of the highest place: 570 m (in the forest of Rötteln)

The extent of the urban area from south to north is 6.0 km and from east to west 4.6 km. Lörrach is also the capital city of Markgräflerland and a part of the tri-national agglomeration area of Basel. Stuttgart is 220 km away from Lörrach, and it takes one hour to drive to Bern or Zürich. The city has several forested hills along the valley Wiesental: Schädelberg, Homburg, Röttler Wald, and Tüllinger Berg.

Lörrach is bounded by many municipalities and the city of Basel. In addition, it is located in the foothills of the Black Forest and on the border of Switzerland.

Binzen	Rümmingen	Steinen
Weil am Rhein		Rheinfelden
Basel	Riehen	Inzlingen Grenzach-Wyhlen

 Climate

Lörrach's climate is mild, and in the summer, it is often hot. The region of Markgräflerland is the warmest in Germany because of the Mediterranean air current from the valley of the Rhône. Because of its numerous sunny days, the region is dubbed the German Tuscany (German: Die Toskana Deutschlands).

 Boroughs and districts

Lörrach with its boroughs and districts

Lörrach is subdivided into three boroughs and three districts. In sum, the three boroughs have an area of 18.6 km².

Year of incorporation	Boroughs and districts	Area (km²)
1935	Borough Tumringen	4,4
1935	Borough Tüllingen	2,1
1908	Borough Stetten	4,6
1974	District Haagen	3.6
1975	District de (Brombach (Lörrach))	9.8
1975	District Hauingen	7.4

The three districts have their own administrations with a chief magistrate (Ortsvorsteher). Every five years, the citizens of Lörrach elect the council of the districts. The satellite city Salzert was developed in 1963. Inzlingen, close to Lörrach, is an independent municipality, but Lörrach oversees its administration.

 History

Year	Event
1102	Lörrach was first mentioned as the settlement Lorracho.
1403	Rupert of Germany declared Lörrach a market town.
1678	The castle of Rötteln was destroyed by the French.
1682	Lörrach was granted town privileges by Frederick VII, Margrave of Baden-Durlach.
1702	Battle of Käferholz against the French
1756	The town received a new civic law and its first town hall.
1783	Johann Peter Hebel became a teacher at the boarding school.
1803	Stetten became a part of Baden, having previously belonged to Austria.
1808	In Lörrach, numerous buildings in the classical style were built (synagogue, Stadtkirche, and Fridolinskirche)
1835	The state Baden joins the Zollverein.
1848	In September, Gustav Struve declared the new 'German Republic' from the town hall of Lörrach after the failed revolution. Some days later, he was arrested.
1862	The Wiesentalbahn between Basel, Lörrach, and Schopfheim was opened. A railway connection to Weil and Säckingen was extended to Lörrach in 1890. Also, Carl Christian Renaux was born on 11 March.
1863	Lörrach became a district town.
1871	The first elementary school was opened.
1880	Philippe Suchard created a chocolate factory in Lörrach.
1908	Incorporation of Stetten; later, Tüllingen und Tumringen (1935), Haagen (voluntary 1974), Brombach und Hauingen (1975), were incorporated.
1945	Air raid on Brombach and Lörrach: On April 24, French troops occupied the city.
1963	Start of construction of the district of Salzert
1983	The fourth Landesgartenschau of Baden-Wuerttemberg (a national horticultural show) was held in the new park area in the Grütt.
1984	The finished motorway section between High Rhine and Upper Rhine relieved the heavy traffic of the city.
1991	Inauguration of the new pedestrian precinct and the transformation of the city centre
2010	Two were killed and one injured in a shooting incident at the Saint Elizabeth Hospital.

 Population development

Population development

Year	Population		Year	Population
1870	9,103		1975	44,179
1890	11,475		1981	40,064
1914	16,293		1990	42,500
1938	20,041		1992	43,976
1950	22,698		1996	44,756
1960	30,546		2000	45,679
1965	31,324		2001	46,272
1973	33,885		2002	46,741
1974	36,231		2004	46,754

source: Statistisches Landesamt Stuttgart, Statistischer Jahresbericht der Stadt Lörrach.

 Coat of arms

Ruins of Rötteln Castle in Lörrach

St. Ottilien church in Tüllingen

View to a street with church (die Germanuskirche) in Brombach

 Twin towns - sister cities

Lörrach is twinned with:

• Sens, France, since 1966
• Senigallia, Italy, since 1986
• Village-Neuf, France, since 1988
• Meerane, Germany, since 1990
• Chester, United Kingdom, since 2002

 See also

• Rötteln Castle
• Lörrach sculpture path

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 External links

• Official website (German)
• (in ألمانية) Lörrach:History and images
• Lörrach Civic Heraldry
• Daily Newspaper of the area
• Daily Newspaper of the area
• News and musings from Weil am Rhein - German town near Loerrach on the Basle border triangle
• Burg Rötteln: Picture Gallery
• Burghof Cultural Event Centre and Theatre
• Cultural Youth events in Loerrach
• 'Stimmen' Loerrach
• 'Metal Forces Festival' Loerrach