كوپيانسك

Kupiansk Куп'янськ Kupyansk
Flag Coat of arms
Kupiansk Kupiansk
الإحداثيات:
البلد	أوكرانيا
الأوبلاست	خاركيڤ
رايون	رايون كوپيانسك
تأسست	1655
المساحة
• الإجمالي	33٫34 كم² (12٫87 ميل²)
التعداد  (2022)
• الإجمالي	26٬627
• الكثافة	800/km2 (2٬100/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيت	UTC+2 (EET)
• الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code	63700-63709
الموقع الإلكتروني	kupyansk.osp-ua.info

كوپيانسك Kupiansk أو Kupyansk (أوكرانية: Куп'янськ، IPA: [ˈkupjɐnʲsʲk]؛ روسية: Купянск، IPA: [ˈkupʲɪnsk]) هي مدينة في أوبلاست خاركيڤ، أوكرانيا. المدينة هي المركز الإداري لرايون كوپيانسك. It is also an important railroad junction for the oblast. Kupiansk hosts the administration of Kupiansk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It had a population of 26,627 (2022 estimate).

حتى 18 يوليو 2020، Kupiansk was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Kupiansk Municipality. The municipality was abolished in July 2020 as part of administrative reforms in Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions in Kharkiv Oblast to seven. The area of Kupiansk Municipality was merged into Kupiansk Raion.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 استعراض

Kupiansk railway station in August 2010

Kupiansk is located on the bank of the Oskil River. Kupiansk is divided into three subparts, known as: Kupiansk (main part of town), Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi (where the train station is), and Kivsharivka.

Kupiansk is about two and-a-half hours from Kharkiv. The two cities are connected by train and bus.

 التاريخ

 منذ التأسيس حتى مطلع القرن العشرين

درع كوپيانسك 1781، مع وصف رسمي.

في 1655، the settlement of Kupyanka [12] or Kupenka [13] was founded on the right, high bank of Oskol. A year later, a small fort of the Belgorod Zasechnaya Line was built .

The first mention of the settlement in written sources dates back to 1685 [14] [15] . At the end of the 17th century. the settlement was included in the Izyum regiment [16] .

• 1708 - 18 ديسمبر. Azov, and the cities next to it: ... Kupchinka [17] .

On September 25, 1779, the town of Kupenka was given the status of the city of Kupensk, Voronezh Viceroyalty, Kupensky district [18] and from 1779 Kupyansk became a district city [14] [15] .

In 1780, the city of Kupyansk became part of the Voronezh governorship [14] , in 1797 - into the Sloboda-Ukrainian province [16] .

In 1807, the Kupyansk Educational School was opened, in 1819 - the Kupyansk Theological School.

In 1871, an oil mill, a candle factory and three brick factories operated here.

In 1872, on the basis of the women's department of the Kupyansk School, the Kupyansk Women's Gymnasium was opened.

In 1886, the Kupyansky Alexander vocational school was opened.

In 1893, the population was 3,450 people, there were 815 houses (796 wooden and 19 stone), there was a vocational school, a religious school, a women's gymnasium and 52 trading shops [16] .

In 1895, the Balashov-Kupyansk-Kharkov , Kharkov-Lisichansk railway line passed near Kupyansk, and at the end of the 19th century [12] Kupyansk became a railway junction [15] .

During the revolution of 1905-1907, residents of Kupyansk participated in the October All-Russian political strike of 1905 [12] .

 الحرب العالمية الثانية

Kupiansk was occupied during World War II by Nazi Germany from 24 July 1942 to 3 February 1943.

 الغزو الروسي لأوكرانيا 2022

Aftermath of Russian shelling of Kupiansk, 25 January 2023

Kupiansk was occupied by Russian forces from 27 February 2022 to 10 September 2022. Although the Ukrainian Army had destroyed a railway bridge to slow the Russian advance three days earlier, Kupiansk Mayor Hennadiy Matsehora, member of the Opposition Platform — For Life party, surrendered the city to the Russian Army in exchange for a cessation of hostilities, as the Russians threatened to take the city by force. As a result, the Ukrainian government indicted Matsehora for treason the next day. On 28 February 2022, Matsehora was arrested by Ukrainian authorities. Later Kupiansk became the de facto seat of Russian-backed Kharkiv military-civilian administration. At Kupiansk town hall the Ukrainian flag continued to be flown for 6 weeks, and at the medical school for 3 months. Locals were forced to work for the occupation force, paint bridges in the colours of the Russian flag and perform railway repair for alleged salaries that were never paid out.

On 8 September 2022, a representative of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine announced that Ukrainian forces had retaken more than 20 settlements in the Kharkiv Oblast and "in some areas penetrated Russian defence positions up to 50km". On the same day, the Russian occupation authorities claimed that "the Russian army began to defend the city" and that "additional reinforcements entered the region from Russia", indicating that Ukrainian forces were re-approaching the city from the west, after retaking the town of Shevchenkove earlier that day. On 9 September 2022, Ukrainian forces re-entered the outskirts of Kupiansk and its administrative borders, starting the Battle of Kupiansk.^{[بحاجة لمصدر]} By the morning of 10 September 2022, Ukrainian forces had recaptured the city council building. Later that day, a Ukrainian official confirmed that the Ukrainian Armed Forces had liberated the city. By September 16, Ukrainian Forces liberated Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi, the sister city of Kupiansk located on the left bank of the Oskil River. On 3 March 2023 Ukrainian authorities ordered an evacuation of civilians from the city due to advances of Russian Armed Forces around Kupiansk and Bakhmut.

After retreating from the city, Russian troops repeatedly shelled it. In particular, the central city hospital, high-rise buildings and a lyceum, the Kupiansk-Vuzlovyi railway station and others were damaged.

 السكان

 الأعراق واللغات

Ethnic makeup of the city as of 2001:

Ethnic groups in Kupiansk percent Ukrainians    77.73% Russians    16.20% Belarusians    0.40% Armenians    0.18%

Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:

اللغة	النسبة
Ukrainian	78.03%
الروسية	19.59%
other/undecided	2.38%

 الجغرافيا

 المناخ

Climate data for كوپيانسك (1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−1.7 (28.9)	−1.1 (30.0)	5.1 (41.2)	15.3 (59.5)	22.3 (72.1)	26.0 (78.8)	28.1 (82.6)	27.4 (81.3)	20.9 (69.6)	13.0 (55.4)	4.4 (39.9)	−0.6 (30.9)	13.3 (55.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−4.5 (23.9)	−4.6 (23.7)	0.8 (33.4)	9.5 (49.1)	15.9 (60.6)	19.7 (67.5)	21.7 (71.1)	20.4 (68.7)	14.5 (58.1)	8.0 (46.4)	1.2 (34.2)	−3.4 (25.9)	8.3 (46.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−7.3 (18.9)	−7.8 (18.0)	−2.8 (27.0)	4.1 (39.4)	9.5 (49.1)	13.7 (56.7)	15.5 (59.9)	13.8 (56.8)	8.8 (47.8)	3.6 (38.5)	−1.6 (29.1)	−6.1 (21.0)	3.6 (38.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	42.9 (1.69)	41.4 (1.63)	38.7 (1.52)	34.7 (1.37)	48.6 (1.91)	73.6 (2.90)	61.5 (2.42)	39.7 (1.56)	47.0 (1.85)	43.8 (1.72)	45.9 (1.81)	45.0 (1.77)	562.8 (22.16)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	9.5	8.6	8.1	6.3	7.1	8.8	7.0	5.3	7.0	6.3	7.1	8.5	89.6
Average relative humidity (%)	83.8	81.2	76.6	65.4	61.3	65.2	64.5	64.4	70.8	77.1	84.1	85.2	73.3
Source: World Meteorological Organization

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 وصلات خارجية

• Media related to Kupiansk at Wikimedia Commons