قائمة القواعد العسكرية الروسية في الخارج

قوات القاعدة العسكرية 102 الروسية في استعراض في يريڤان.

This article lists military bases of Russia abroad. The majority of Russia's military bases and facilities are located in former Soviet republics; which in Russian political parlance is termed the "near abroad".

Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, many of the early-warning radar stations ended up in former Soviet republics. As of 2020, only the radar in Belarus is still rented by Russia.[1][2]

In 2003, Kommersant newspaper published a map of the Russian military presence abroad.[3] In 2018, it was reported that Russia operates at least 21 significant military facilities overseas.[4]

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الخريطة

[Interactive fullscreen map]
خريطة المنشآت العسكرية الحالية (باستثناء القرم)


القواعد الحالية

البلد تفاصيل عدد الأفراد
 أرمنيا Russian 102nd Military Base in Gyumri and the Russian 3624th Airbase in Erebuni Airport near Yerevan. Est. 3,214[5] to 5,000[6]
 بلاروس The Hantsavichy Radar Station,[4][7][8] the Vileyka naval communication centre near Vileyka.[5] Est. 1,500
 جورجيا
 أبخازيا
(disputed) 		Following the Russo-Georgian War in 2008, Russia has maintained a large presence in the partially recognised states of Abkhazia[9] and South Ossetia. The Russian 7th Military Base is located in Abkhazia and hosts approximately 4,500 personnel.[10] Est. 4,500
 جورجيا
 اوستيا الجنوبية
(disputed) 		Following the Russo-Georgian War in 2008, Russia has maintained a large presence in the partially recognised states of Abkhazia[11] and South Ossetia. The Russian 4th Military Base is located in South Ossetia and hosts around 3,500 personnel. Est. 3,500
 قزخستان The Sary Shagan anti-ballistic missile testing range.[4][12] The Baikonur Cosmodrome is rented to Russia but is now under civilian administration.[13][14]
 قيرغيزستان Kant Air Base, the 338th naval communication centre, the 954th torpedo testing range and a seismographic station.[4][15]
 مولدوڤا
 ترانس‌نيستريا
(disputed) 		Russia maintains an operational group of forces in the Transnistria separatist region of Moldova for so-called peacekeeping purposes and to guard an ammunition depot at Cobasna.[16] Est. 1,500
 السودان Confirmed to have base near Port Sudan[17][18][19]
 سوريا Russian naval facility in Tartus, Khmeimim Air Base, Tiyas Military Airbase,[20][21] Shayrat Airbase.[20][22][23] Est. 7,000
 طاجيكستان Russian 201st Military Base, Okno space surveillance station. Est. 7,500
 ڤيتنام Cam Ranh Air Base, Cam Ranh Naval Base. Between 1979 and 2002, the facility was used by the Soviet Navy and then Russian Navy. At the end of 2013, Russia resumed the use of the base by its Navy[24] and in 2014 by its Air Force.[25] No military presence but maintains the facilities for Russian supplies and usage

قواعد سابقة

البلد تفاصيل
 أذربيجان Gabala Radar Station was rented until 2012. In 2013 the building itself was transferred to Azerbaijan,[26] but the equipment was dismantled and transported to Russia.[27]
لتوانيالاتڤياإستونيا Baltic states Northwest Group of Forces from 1991 to 1994
 كوبا Lourdes SIGINT station was closed in 2002. In July 2014, after Putin's visit to Cuba, there were rumors about its reactivation,[28] quickly officially denied.[بحاجة لمصدر]
 تشيكوسلوڤاكيا Central Group of Forces from 1968 to 1991
 جورجيا In 1995, Russia and Georgia signed a 25-year agreement for rental of military bases in Vaziani, Akhalkalaki and Batumi. Due to the political changes eventually the Russian bases were liquidated by 2007,[29] with the exception of the breakaway territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia. See Russia–Georgia relations.
Former East Germany Western Group of Forces from 1945 to 1994
 المجر Southern Group of Forces from 1956 to 1991
 قزخستان The Balkhash Radar Station was removed from service in June 2020.
 جمهورية منغوليا الشعبية Soviet troops in Mongolia until 1992
 پولندا Northern Group of Forces from 1945 to 1993
 اوزبكستان Karshi-Khanabad Air Base from 2006 to 2012, when Uzbekistan was part of the Collective Security Treaty Organization.[30]

القرم

 أوكرانيا
 روسيا
(disputed) 		Sevastopol Naval Base of the Black Sea Fleet, in Crimea,[5] rented by Russia prior to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014.[4] In July 2015, Russian prime minister Dmitry Medvedev said that Crimea had been fully integrated into Russia[31] so the base in Sevastopol is no longer classed by Russia as overseas. However, this is contested; United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262 rejected Russia's annexation of Crimea,[32] which Russia defended by saying it was supporting the outcome of the 2014 Crimean status referendum, in which a majority voted to rejoin Russia. As of 2016, there were at least 18 Russian military facilities in Crimea.[4][33] Est. 26,000

personnel


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Planned

 جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى Confirmed to be building a Russian Military base[34]
 مصر Confirmed to be building a Russian Military base[35]
 إرتريا Logistics Center confirmed by Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov.[36][37][38][39]
 مدغشقر Confirmed to be building a Russian Military base[40]
 موزمبيق Confirmed to be building a Russian Military base[41]
 السودان Confirmed to be building a naval base along the Red Sea Coast[42][43]
 ڤنزويلا Military headquarters located in La Orchila.[44]

انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ Podvig, Pavel (2002). "History and the Current Status of the Russian Early-Warning System" (PDF). Science and Global Security. 10: 21–60. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.692.6127. doi:10.1080/08929880212328. ISSN 0892-9882. S2CID 122901563. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-15.
  2. ^ https://armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2020/0724/122558858/detail.shtml
  3. ^ Российские войска за рубежом [Russian forces abroad] (in الروسية). kommersant.ru. 18 March 2003. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  4. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح Sharkov, Damien (3 June 2018). "Russia's military compared to the U.S. across the world". Newsweek.
  5. ^ أ ب ت Margarete Klein (12 October 2009). "Russia's military capabilities". Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  6. ^ "Medvedev Secures Long-Term Foothold in Armenia". The Moscow Times. 23 August 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  7. ^ "Днепр" на Балхаше ["Dnepr" in Balkhash] (in الروسية). Novosti Kosmonavtiki. 4 July 2009. Archived from the original on 10 September 2009. Retrieved 27 January 2012.
  8. ^ Heurlin, Beurtel (24 August 2005). Missile Defence: International, Regional and National Implications. Routledge. pp. 84–111. ISBN 9780415361200.
  9. ^ http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/1115/150049651/detail.shtml
  10. ^ Lavrov, Anton (2010). "Post-war Deployment of Russian Forces in Abkhazia and South Ossetia". In Ruslan Pukhov (ed.). The Tanks of August. Centre for Analysis of Strategies and Technologies. ISBN 978-5-9902320-1-3.
  11. ^ http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/1115/150049651/detail.shtml
  12. ^ Sean O'Connor (2009). "Russian/Soviet Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems". Air Power Australia: 1. Retrieved 7 January 2012. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  13. ^ "Kazcosmos chief Talgat Musabaev: Baikonur is still the core of Kazakh-Russian cooperation in space". interfax.kz. February 2008. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011.
  14. ^ "Kazakhstan Finally Ratifies Baikonur Rental Deal With Russia". spacedaily.com. 12 April 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  15. ^ "Russian military base presence in Kyrgyzstan extended till 2032 - Ferghana Information agency, Moscow".
  16. ^ "Prime Minister of Moldova calls for withdrawal of Russian troops from Transnistria".
  17. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  18. ^ Reuters
  19. ^ https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2020/november/9321-russia-gets-naval-base-in-sudan.html
  20. ^ أ ب "Russian Military Forces: Interactive Map". GFSIS. 2016-09-14. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  21. ^ Pike, John (1970-01-01). "T-4 Airbase / Tiyas". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  22. ^ "Russia Expanding Second Syrian Air Base Near IS-Held Areas". RadioFreeEurope. 4 December 2015. Retrieved 7 April 2017.
  23. ^ Bodansky, Yossef (2016). "Russia's war against DI'ISH". Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy. 44 (1): 6–16.
  24. ^ "The Bear is Back: Russia Returns to Vietnam". The Diplomat. 2013-11-26. Retrieved 2015-04-12.
  25. ^ "U.S. asks Vietnam to stop helping Russian bomber flights". Reuters. 2015-03-11. Retrieved 2015-04-12.
  26. ^ Габалинская РЛС теперь находится под контролем азербайджанских военных [Gabala Radar Station is now under the control of the Azerbaijani military]. ng.ru (in الروسية). 6 October 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2015.
  27. ^ Габалу завлекают в турбизнес [Gabala lures in the tourist industry]. ng.ru (in الروسية). 9 October 2013. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  28. ^ "Russia Is Reportedly Reopening Its Spy Base In Cuba". Business Insider. 16 July 2014. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  29. ^ Вывод российских войск из Грузии завершен досрочно [Withdrawal of Russian troops from Georgia completed ahead of schedule] (in الروسية). ria.ru. 15 November 2007. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  30. ^ "Узбекистан второй раз выходит из ОДКБ"
  31. ^ "Putin Eliminates Ministry Of Crimea, Region Fully Integrated Into Russia, Russian Leaders Say". International Business Times. 2015-07-15. Retrieved 2018-01-13.
  32. ^ United Nations News Centre - Backing Ukraine’s territorial integrity, UN Assembly declares Crimea referendum invalid. Un.org (1 March 2014). Retrieved on 28 March 2014.
  33. ^ "In Crimea, Russia signals military resolve with new and revamped bases". Reuters. 2016-11-01. Retrieved 2019-01-11.
  34. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  35. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  36. ^ "Russia in Talks with Eritrea to Set up 'Logistics Center' on Red Sea Coast".
  37. ^ "Russia and Eritrea Ink Deal to Build a Logistic Base in the Horn of Africa Country".
  38. ^ "Russia-Eritrea Relations Grow with Planned Logistics Center".
  39. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  40. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  41. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  42. ^ https://sofrep.com/news/russian-military-expands-in-africa-by-building-bases-in-six-countries/
  43. ^ Reuters
  44. ^ https://en.panampost.com/sabrina-martin/2018/12/18/russia-seeks-to-install-a-military-base-in-coastal-venezuela//

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