قائمة الزعماء الحاليين غير الملكيين الأطول حكماً

قائمة الزعماء الحاليين غير الملكيين الأطول حكماً هي قائمة رؤوس الدول الحاليين الأطول حكماً على أمم-دول أو حكومات وطنية، والذين لا ينتمون لعائلة ملكية, and have served ten years or longer, sorted by length of tenure.

The individuals on the list are not always the most powerful figure in their country's national government. Some are or have been at one time the most powerful figures in their country's national government but not necessarily continuously throughout the listed timespan. Some of them have held more than one national leadership-level office: presidency, prime minister-ship, or some other title implying or widely believed to confer national leadership. When more than one such office exists in a country, there may be uncertainty as to which member of the national government actually has the ultimate power. Therefore, this list combines all national level offices held concurrently or consecutively by each individual leader.

الترتيب	الاسم	البلد	المنصب	العهد بدأ	طول العهد
1.	پول بيا	الكاميرون	رئيس وزراء ثم رئيس^[1]	30 يونيو 1975	49 years, 140 days
2.	تيودورو أوبيانگ نگـِما مباسوگو	غينيا الإستوائية	الرئيس^[2]	3 أغسطس 1979	45 years, 106 days
3.	علي خامنئي	إيران	الرئيس، ثم المرشد الأعلى^[3]	13 أكتوبر 1981	43 years, 35 days
4.	دني ساسو نگـِسو	الكونغو	President^[4]	8 February 1979 – 31 August 1992 (1st time) 25 October 1997 – present (2nd time)	40 years, 228 days
5.	هون سن	كمبوديا	Prime Minister^[5]	26 ديسمبر 1984	39 years, 327 days
6.	يوِري موسڤني	أوغندا	الرئيس	26 يناير 1986	38 years, 296 days
7.	إدريس ديبي	تشاد	الرئيس^[6]	2 ديسمبر 1990	33 years, 351 days
8.	Nursultan Nazarbayev	قزخستان	Chairman of Nur Otan, formerly President^[7]	16 December 1991	32 years, 337 days
9.	Emomali Rahmon	طاجيكستان	Acting Head of State, then President^[8]	19 November 1992	31 years, 364 days
10.	Isaias Afwerki	إرتريا	President^[9]	24 May 1993	31 years, 177 days
11.	Alexander Lukashenko	بلاروس	President	20 July 1994	30 years, 120 days
12.	Mahathir Mohamad	ماليزيا	Prime Minister	16 July 1981 – 31 October 2003 (1st time) 10 May 2018 – present (2nd time)	28 years, 299 days
13.	Daniel Ortega	نيكاراگوا	Acting Head of State, then President^[10]	4 March 1981 – 25 April 1990 (1st time) 10 January 2007 – present (2nd time)	26 years, 364 days
14.	Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi	ساموا	Prime Minister	23 November 1998	25 years, 360 days
15.	Ismaïl Omar Guelleh	جيبوتي	President	8 May 1999	25 years, 193 days
16.	Vladimir Putin	روسيا	Prime Minister, then President^[11]	9 August 1999 – 7 May 2000 (1st term as Prime Minister) 8 May 2000 – 7 May 2008 (1st & 2nd terms as President) 8 May 2008 – 7 May 2012 (2nd term as Prime Minister) 7 May 2012 – present (3rd & 4th terms as President)	25 years, 100 days
17.	Keith Mitchell	گرينادا	Prime Minister	22 June 1995 – 9 July 2008 (1st time) 20 February 2013 – present (2nd time)	24 years, 288 days
18.	Paul Kagame	رواندا	Acting President, then President^[12]	24 March 2000	24 years, 207 days
19.	Hage Geingob	ناميبيا	Prime Minister, then President^[13]	21 March 1990 – 28 August 2002 (1st time) 4 December 2012 – present (2nd time)	24 years, 143 days
20.	Bashar al-Assad	سوريا	President	17 July 2000	24 years, 123 days
21.	Ralph Gonsalves	سانت ڤنسنت والگرنادينز	Prime Minister	29 March 2001	23 years, 233 days
22.	Dési Bouterse	سورينام	De facto Head of State, then President^[14]	25 February 1980 – 25 January 1988 (1st time) 12 August 2010 – present (2nd time)	22 years, 66 days
23.	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan	تركيا	Prime Minister, then President^[15]	14 March 2003	21 years, 248 days
24.	Ilham Aliyev	أذربيجان	Prime Minister, then President^[16]	4 August 2003	21 years, 105 days
25.	Shavkat Mirziyoyev	اوزبكستان	Prime Minister, then President^[17]	12 December 2003	20 years, 341 days
26.	Sheikh Hasina	بنگلادش	Prime Minister	23 June 1996 – 15 July 2001 (1st time) 6 January 2009 – present (2nd time)	20 years, 338 days
27.	Roosevelt Skerrit	دومنيكا	Prime Minister	8 January 2004	20 years, 314 days
28.	Mahmoud Abbas	فلسطين	Prime Minister, then President^[18]	19 March 2003 – 6 September 2003 (1st time) 15 January 2005 – present (2nd time)	20 years, 112 days
29.	Lee Hsien Loong	سنغافورة	Prime Minister	12 August 2004	20 years, 97 days
30.	Tommy Remengesau	پالاو	President	1 January 2001 – 15 January 2009 (1st time) 17 January 2013 – present (2nd time)	19 years, 319 days
31.	Faure Gnassingbé	توگو	President^[19]	5 February 2005 – 25 February 2005 (1st time) 4 May 2005 – present (2nd time)	19 years, 217 days
32.	Pierre Nkurunziza	بوروندي	President	26 August 2005	19 years, 83 days
33.	Angela Merkel	ألمانيا	Federal Chancellor	22 November 2005	18 years, 361 days
34.	Evo Morales	بوليڤيا	President	22 January 2006	18 years, 300 days
35.	Benjamin Netanyahu	إسرائيل	Prime Minister	18 June 1996 – 6 July 1999 (1st time) 31 March 2009 – present (2nd time)	18 years, 248 days
36.	Viktor Orbán	المجر	Prime Minister	6 July 1998 – 27 May 2002 (1st time) 29 May 2010 – present (2nd time)	18 years, 132 days
37.	Raúl Castro	كوبا	First Secretary, formerly President and Prime Minister^[20]	31 July 2006	18 years, 109 days
38.	Frank Bainimarama	فيجي	Acting Head of State, then Prime Minister^[21]	29 May 2000 – 13 July 2000 (1st time) 5 December 2006 – present (2nd time)	18 years, 27 days
39.	Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow	تركمنستان	President^[22]	21 December 2006	17 years, 332 days
40.	Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta	مالي	Prime Minister, then President^[23]	4 February 1994 – 15 February 2000 (1st time) 4 September 2013 – present (2nd time)	17 years, 85 days
41.	Bako Sahakyan	آرتساخ^[24]	President	7 September 2007	17 years, 71 days
42.	Alassane Ouattara	ساحل العاج	Prime Minister, then President^[25]	7 November 1990 – 9 December 1993 (1st time) 4 December 2010 – present (2nd time)	17 years, 15 days
43.	Dean Barrow	بليز	Prime Minister	8 February 2008	16 years, 283 days
44.	Dmitry Medvedev	روسيا	President, then Prime Minister^[26]	7 May 2008	16 years, 194 days
45.	Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz	موريتانيا	President^[27]	6 August 2008 – 15 April 2009 (1st time) 5 August 2009 – present (2nd time)	15 years, 357 days
46.	Ueli Maurer	سويسرا	Federal Council Member, currently President^[28]	1 January 2009	15 years, 321 days
47.	Macky Sall	السنغال	Prime Minister, then President^[29]	21 April 2004 – 19 June 2007 (1st time) 2 April 2012 – present (2nd time)	15 years, 289 days
48.	Miloš Zeman	التشيك	Prime Minister, then President^[30]	22 July 1998 – 15 July 2002 (1st time) 8 March 2013 – present (2nd time)	15 years, 247 days
49.	Hashim Thaçi	كوسوڤو	Prime Minister, then President^[31]	17 February 2008 – 9 December 2014 (1st time) 7 April 2016 – present (2nd time)	15 years, 154 days

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الهامش

^ كان رئيس وزراء الكامرون من 30 يونيو 1975 إلى 6 نوفمبر 1982
^ كان قائد المجلس العسكري الثوري / المجلس العسكري الأعلى لغينيا الإستوائية من 3 أغسطس 1979 إلى 12 أكتوبر 1982
^ كان رئيس إيران من 13 أكتوبر 1981 إلى 2 أغسطس 1989، تاركاً الرئاسة لنحو شهرين بعد أن أصبح المرشد الأعلى. تمت الموافقة على أن يصبح القائد الأعلى لإيران من قِبل مجلس الخبراء وحلف اليمين في 4 يونيو 1989، بعد قليل من وفاة مؤسس هذه الجمهورية الإسلامية الشيعية، روح الله خميني.
^ Was previously President from 8 February 1979 to 31 August 1992, when the country was a one-Party state known as the People's Republic of the Congo
^ Was Acting Prime Minister of the Vietnam-occupation one-Party state called the People's Republic of Kampuchea from 26 December 1984 to 14 January 1985, then Prime Minister of the Vietnam-occupation one-Party state People's Republic of Kampuchea from 14 January 1985 to 1 May 1989. Was also Prime Minister during the entire existence of the State of Cambodia from 1 May 1989 to 24 September 1993.
^ كان President of the Council of State of Chad من 2 ديسمبر 1990 إلى 4 مارس 1991
^ Was First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR from 22 June 1989 to 14 December 1991, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (Speaker of Parliament and de facto head of state) of the Kazakh SSR from 22 February 1990 to 24 April 1990, and President of the Kazakh SSR from 24 April 1990 to 16 December 1991, on which date Kazakhstan declared independence from the Soviet Union. He has been Chairman of the ruling Nur Otan from 4 July 2007 to the present, and has an emeritus position as permanent Chairman of the Kazakh National Security Council from 12 July 2018 to the present.
^ Was Chairman of the Supreme Assembly (Speaker of Parliament) of Tajikistan – de facto head of state – from 19 November 1992 to 16 November 1994
^ Was Secretary-General of the Provisional Government of Eritrea from 27 April 1991 to 24 May 1993, when Eritrea declared independence from Ethiopia.
^ Was a member of the Nicaraguan Junta of National Reconstruction from 18 July 1979 to 4 March 1981, then the Coordinator of the Junta of National Reconstruction (effectively the head of state) from 4 March 1981 to 10 January 1985; he was then President from 10 January 1985 to 25 April 1990.
^ Was Prime Minister of Russia from 9 August 1999 to 7 May 2000 and Acting President from 31 December 1999 to 7 May 2000; then President of Russia from 7 May 2000 to 7 May 2008; then Prime Minister again from 8 May 2008 to 7 May 2012.
^ Was Vice-President of Rwanda from 19 July 1994 to 22 April 2000 and Acting President from 24 March 2000 to 22 April 2000.
^ Was Prime Minister of Namibia from 21 March 1990 to 28 August 2002 and 4 December 2012 to 21 March 2015
^ Was Chairman of the National Military Council (de facto leader of Suriname) from 25 February 1980 to 25 January 1988; and head of state as National Army Commander from 13 August 1980 to 15 August 1980 and from 4 February 1982 to 8 February 1982.
^ Was Prime Minister of Turkey from 14 March 2003 to 28 August 2014
^ Was Acting President of Azerbaijan from 6 August 2003 to 31 October 2003
^ Was Prime Minister of Uzbekistan from 12 December 2003 to 14 December 2016, and Acting President from 8 September 2016 to 14 December 2016.
^ Was Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority from 19 March 2003 to 6 September 2003
^ Was President of Togo from 5 February 2005 to 25 February 2005, when it was disputed whether he had inherited the presidency from his deceased father, Gnassingbé Eyadéma.
^ Was Acting President and Acting Prime Minister of Cuba from 31 July 2006 to 24 February 2008, then President and Prime Minister of Cuba from 24 February 2008 to 19 April 2018; and Acting First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 31 July 2006 to 19 April 2011. Under the one-Party system, the position of First Secretary is a more important and powerful position than the Presidency of Cuba.
^ Was President of the first Interim Military Government of Fiji from 29 May 2000 to 13 July 2000; then President of a second Interim Military Government of Fiji from 5 December 2006 to 4 January 2007. Was Acting Prime Minister from 5 January 2007 to 22 September 2014.
^ Was Acting President of Turkmenistan from 21 December 2006 to 14 February 2007
^ Was Prime Minister of Mali from 4 February 1994 to 15 February 2000
^ The country was called the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh until 10 March 2017.
^ Was Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from 7 November 1990 to 9 December 1993. The Presidency was disputed between Ouattara and Laurent Gbagbo from 4 December 2010 to 11 April 2011.
^ Was President of Russia from 7 May 2008 to 7 May 2012, then Prime Minister from 8 May 2012 to present
^ Was President of the High Council of State of Mauritania from 6 August 2008 to 15 April 2009
^ The Swiss Federal Council is a collective seven-member head of state. Since 1 January 2019, Maurer is the incumbent chairperson of the Federal Council, i.e. the President of the Swiss Confederation. Maurer previously served as chairperson of the Federal Council, or President, in the constitutional customary one-year period from 1 January to 31 December 2013. From 1 January to 31 December 2012 and 1 January to 31 December 2018, he was the deputy chairperson of the Federal Council, or Vice President of Switzerland.
^ Was Prime Minister of Senegal from 21 April 2004 to 19 June 2007
^ Was Prime Minister of the Czech Republic from 22 July 1998 to 15 July 2002
^ Was provisional Prime Minister of the mostly unrecognized Republic of Kosova from 2 April 1999 to 1 February 2000, Prime Minister of UN-administered Kosovo from 9 January 2008 to 17 February 2008, and Prime Minister of independent Kosovo from 17 February 2008 to 9 December 2014. Kosovo did not gain independence until 17 February 2008, being part of Serbia.

انظر أيضاً

وصلات خارجية

Rulers.org List of rulers throughout time and places

[1] كان رئيس وزراء الكامرون من 30 يونيو 1975 إلى 6 نوفمبر 1982

[2] كان قائد المجلس العسكري الثوري / المجلس العسكري الأعلى لغينيا الإستوائية من 3 أغسطس 1979 إلى 12 أكتوبر 1982

[3] كان رئيس إيران من 13 أكتوبر 1981 إلى 2 أغسطس 1989، تاركاً الرئاسة لنحو شهرين بعد أن أصبح المرشد الأعلى. تمت الموافقة على أن يصبح القائد الأعلى لإيران من قِبل مجلس الخبراء وحلف اليمين في 4 يونيو 1989، بعد قليل من وفاة مؤسس هذه الجمهورية الإسلامية الشيعية، روح الله خميني.

[4] Was previously President from 8 February 1979 to 31 August 1992, when the country was a one-Party state known as the People's Republic of the Congo

[5] Was Acting Prime Minister of the Vietnam-occupation one-Party state called the People's Republic of Kampuchea from 26 December 1984 to 14 January 1985, then Prime Minister of the Vietnam-occupation one-Party state People's Republic of Kampuchea from 14 January 1985 to 1 May 1989. Was also Prime Minister during the entire existence of the State of Cambodia from 1 May 1989 to 24 September 1993.

[6] كان President of the Council of State of Chad من 2 ديسمبر 1990 إلى 4 مارس 1991

[7] Was First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR from 22 June 1989 to 14 December 1991, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (Speaker of Parliament and de facto head of state) of the Kazakh SSR from 22 February 1990 to 24 April 1990, and President of the Kazakh SSR from 24 April 1990 to 16 December 1991, on which date Kazakhstan declared independence from the Soviet Union. He has been Chairman of the ruling Nur Otan from 4 July 2007 to the present, and has an emeritus position as permanent Chairman of the Kazakh National Security Council from 12 July 2018 to the present.

[8] Was Chairman of the Supreme Assembly (Speaker of Parliament) of Tajikistan – de facto head of state – from 19 November 1992 to 16 November 1994

[9] Was Secretary-General of the Provisional Government of Eritrea from 27 April 1991 to 24 May 1993, when Eritrea declared independence from Ethiopia.

[10] Was a member of the Nicaraguan Junta of National Reconstruction from 18 July 1979 to 4 March 1981, then the Coordinator of the Junta of National Reconstruction (effectively the head of state) from 4 March 1981 to 10 January 1985; he was then President from 10 January 1985 to 25 April 1990.

[11] Was Prime Minister of Russia from 9 August 1999 to 7 May 2000 and Acting President from 31 December 1999 to 7 May 2000; then President of Russia from 7 May 2000 to 7 May 2008; then Prime Minister again from 8 May 2008 to 7 May 2012.

[12] Was Vice-President of Rwanda from 19 July 1994 to 22 April 2000 and Acting President from 24 March 2000 to 22 April 2000.

[13] Was Prime Minister of Namibia from 21 March 1990 to 28 August 2002 and 4 December 2012 to 21 March 2015

[14] Was Chairman of the National Military Council (de facto leader of Suriname) from 25 February 1980 to 25 January 1988; and head of state as National Army Commander from 13 August 1980 to 15 August 1980 and from 4 February 1982 to 8 February 1982.

[15] Was Prime Minister of Turkey from 14 March 2003 to 28 August 2014

[16] Was Acting President of Azerbaijan from 6 August 2003 to 31 October 2003

[17] Was Prime Minister of Uzbekistan from 12 December 2003 to 14 December 2016, and Acting President from 8 September 2016 to 14 December 2016.

[18] Was Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority from 19 March 2003 to 6 September 2003

[19] Was President of Togo from 5 February 2005 to 25 February 2005, when it was disputed whether he had inherited the presidency from his deceased father, Gnassingbé Eyadéma.

[20] Was Acting President and Acting Prime Minister of Cuba from 31 July 2006 to 24 February 2008, then President and Prime Minister of Cuba from 24 February 2008 to 19 April 2018; and Acting First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba from 31 July 2006 to 19 April 2011. Under the one-Party system, the position of First Secretary is a more important and powerful position than the Presidency of Cuba.

[21] Was President of the first Interim Military Government of Fiji from 29 May 2000 to 13 July 2000; then President of a second Interim Military Government of Fiji from 5 December 2006 to 4 January 2007. Was Acting Prime Minister from 5 January 2007 to 22 September 2014.

[22] Was Acting President of Turkmenistan from 21 December 2006 to 14 February 2007

[23] Was Prime Minister of Mali from 4 February 1994 to 15 February 2000

[24] The country was called the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh until 10 March 2017.

[25] Was Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire from 7 November 1990 to 9 December 1993. The Presidency was disputed between Ouattara and Laurent Gbagbo from 4 December 2010 to 11 April 2011.

[26] Was President of Russia from 7 May 2008 to 7 May 2012, then Prime Minister from 8 May 2012 to present

[27] Was President of the High Council of State of Mauritania from 6 August 2008 to 15 April 2009

[28] The Swiss Federal Council is a collective seven-member head of state. Since 1 January 2019, Maurer is the incumbent chairperson of the Federal Council, i.e. the President of the Swiss Confederation. Maurer previously served as chairperson of the Federal Council, or President, in the constitutional customary one-year period from 1 January to 31 December 2013. From 1 January to 31 December 2012 and 1 January to 31 December 2018, he was the deputy chairperson of the Federal Council, or Vice President of Switzerland.

[29] Was Prime Minister of Senegal from 21 April 2004 to 19 June 2007

[30] Was Prime Minister of the Czech Republic from 22 July 1998 to 15 July 2002

[31] Was provisional Prime Minister of the mostly unrecognized Republic of Kosova from 2 April 1999 to 1 February 2000, Prime Minister of UN-administered Kosovo from 9 January 2008 to 17 February 2008, and Prime Minister of independent Kosovo from 17 February 2008 to 9 December 2014. Kosovo did not gain independence until 17 February 2008, being part of Serbia.

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