الطاقة في أوروپا
الطاقة في أوروپا تشمل انتاج واستهلاك واستيراد الطاقة و الكهرباء في أوروپا.
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الاستهلاك الرئيسي للطاقة حسب الوقود
In the European Union, the total primary energy consumption reached a peak in 2006 and decreased by 12 % since then[1]:
استهلاك الطاقة الرئيسي حسب البلد
Primary energy consumption for selected European and Eurasian countries in million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) from 2010 to 2015, according to BP, is listed below.[2]
| البلد | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 35.9 | 33.8 | 35.4 | 35.1 | 33.9 | 34.1 |
| Azerbaijan | 10.7 | 11.9 | 12.3 | 12.6 | 13.2 | 13.7 |
| Belarus | 25.9 | 25.9 | 27.9 | 24.7 | 24.9 | 23.6 |
| Belgium | 66.0 | 61.3 | 58.6 | 60.0 | 55.9 | 56.5 |
| Bulgaria | 17.8 | 19.1 | 18.1 | 16.7 | 17.9 | 18.9 |
| Czech Republic | 42.8 | 42.1 | 41.7 | 40.9 | 40.1 | 39.6 |
| Denmark | 19.5 | 18.5 | 17.1 | 18.0 | 17.5 | 16.9 |
| Finland | 30.9 | 28.6 | 27.6 | 27.2 | 26.3 | 25.9 |
| France | 253.2 | 244.5 | 244.7 | 247.4 | 237.5 | 239.0 |
| Germany | 323.7 | 312.3 | 316.7 | 325.8 | 311.9 | 320.6 |
| Greece | 31.5 | 30.7 | 29.3 | 27.9 | 26.3 | 26.3 |
| Hungary | 24.9 | 23.2 | 21.7 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 21.5 |
| Ireland | 15.2 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 14.6 |
| Italy | 172.2 | 168.4 | 162.2 | 155.7 | 146.8 | 151.7 |
| Kazakhstan | 48.5 | 55.0 | 57.5 | 57.4 | 57.7 | 54.8 |
| Lithuania | 5.6 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.3 |
| Netherlands | 96.1 | 91.5 | 88.4 | 86.4 | 81.1 | 81.6 |
| Norway | 41.9 | 43.0 | 47.8 | 45.0 | 46.4 | 47.1 |
| Poland | 98.2 | 98.7 | 95.7 | 96.0 | 92.4 | 95.0 |
| Portugal | 25.6 | 24.5 | 22.4 | 24.5 | 24.6 | 24.1 |
| Romania | 33.8 | 34.7 | 34.0 | 31.5 | 32.5 | 33.1 |
| Russian Federation | 673.3 | 694.9 | 695.3 | 688.0 | 689.8 | 666.8 |
| Slovakia | 17.4 | 16.8 | 16.2 | 16.8 | 15.5 | 15.8 |
| Spain | 146.2 | 143.1 | 142.4 | 134.2 | 132.1 | 134.4 |
| Sweden | 52.1 | 51.5 | 54.7 | 51.4 | 51.7 | 53.0 |
| Switzerland | 28.7 | 27.2 | 28.8 | 29.7 | 28.4 | 27.9 |
| Turkey | 111.0 | 115.0 | 120.2 | 117.6 | 122.8 | 131.3 |
| Turkmenistan | 25.9 | 27.0 | 29.7 | 26.8 | 31.3 | 37.3 |
| Ukraine | 121.0 | 125.7 | 122.6 | 114.7 | 101.0 | 85.1 |
| United Kingdom | 210.5 | 198.8 | 201.9 | 201.4 | 188.9 | 191.2 |
| Uzbekistan | 43.8 | 49.7 | 49.2 | 48.7 | 50.3 | 51.6 |
| Other Europe & Eurasia | 98.6 | 96.9 | 94.4 | 96.1 | 94.1 | 96.0 |
| Total Europe & Eurasia | 2948.5 | 2934.2 | 2934.3 | 2898.0 | 2832.3 | 2834.4 |
استهلاك الطاقة الرئيسي للفرد (2008)
The European primary energy use per capita (TWh per million people) in 2008 is listed below.[3]
| الترتيب | البلد | TWh | التعداد (مليون) | TWh per million people |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russia | 7,987 | 141.79 | 56 |
| 2 | Germany | 3,899 | 82.12 | 47 |
| 3 | France | 3,099 | 64.12 | 48 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 2,424 | 61.35 | 40 |
| 5 | Italy | 2,047 | 59.89 | 34 |
| 6 | Spain | 1,614 | 45.59 | 35 |
| 7 | Ukraine | 1,583 | 46.26 | 34 |
| 8 | Turkey | 1,146 | 71.08 | 16 |
| 9 | Poland | 1,138 | 38.12 | 30 |
| 10 | Netherlands | 927 | 16.44 | 56 |
| 11 | Kazakhstan | 825 | 15.68 | 53 |
| 12 | Belgium | 681 | 10.71 | 64 |
| 13 | Sweden | 577 | 9.26 | 62 |
| 14 | Czech Republic | 519 | 10.43 | 50 |
| 15 | Romania | 458 | 21.51 | 21 |
| 16 | Finland | 410 | 5.31 | 77 |
| 17 | Austria | 387 | 8.34 | 46 |
| 18 | Greece | 354 | 11.24 | 31 |
| 19 | Norway | 345 | 4.77 | 72 |
| 20 | Belarus | 327 | 9.68 | 34 |
| 21 | Switzerland | 311 | 7.71 | 40 |
| 22 | Portugal | 281 | 10.62 | 26 |
| 23 | Bulgaria | 230 | 7.62 | 30 |
| 24 | Denmark | 221 | 5.49 | 40 |
| 25 | Ireland | 174 | 4.44 | 39 |
| 26 | Azerbaijan | 155 | 8.68 | 18 |
| 27 | Croatia | 106 | 4.43 | 24 |
| 28 | Estonia | 63 | 1.34 | 47 |
| 29 | Iceland | 61 | 0.32 | 191 |
| 30 | Luxembourg | 48 | 0.49 | 98 |
| 31 | Moldova | 37 | 3.63 | 10 |
| 32 | Armenia | 35 | 3.08 | 11 |
| 33 | Cyprus | 30 | 0.80 | 38 |
| 34 | Malta | 10 | 0.41 | 23 |
Mtoe = 11.63 TWh primary energy, includes energy losses
الكهرباء
الطاقة المتجددة
The twelve newer EU Member States in Central and Eastern Europe plan to increase wind power capacity from the 6.4 gigawatts installed at the end of 2012 to 16 gigawatts by 2020.[4][5]
If renewable electricity production in the EU continued to grow at the same rate as it did from 2005 to 2010, it would account for 36.4% of electricity in 2020 and 51.6% in 2030, following:[6]
| Renewable energy as a percentage of total electricity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2020 | 2030 |
| 13.6 | 14.2 | 15.1 | 16.4 | 18.2 | 21.2 | 36.4 | 51.6 |
البنية التحتية للغاز
انظر أيضاً
- الكهرباء في أوروپا
- سياسة الطاقة في الاتحاد الأوروپي
- كفاءة الطاقة في أوروپا (دراسة)
- European countries by fossil fuel use (% of total energy)
- European countries by electricity consumption per person
المراجع
- ^ Primary energy consumption by fuel, European Environment Agency, data from Eurostat (page visited on 11 November 2018).
- ^ "Statistical Review of World Energy | Energy economics | BP Global". bp.com. BP. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
- ^ أ ب IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: Country-specific indicator numbers from page 48
- ^ Wind power for 9 million households in Eastern Europe by 2020 5 Feb 2013
- ^ Eastern winds, Emerging European wind power markets February 2013
- ^ EU met its 2010 Renewable electricity target - ambitious 2030 target needed EWEA 12 January 2012