سان ميگل دى ألندى

Coordinates: 20°54′51″N 100°44′37″W / 20.91417°N 100.74361°W / 20.91417; -100.74361
San Miguel de Allende
City
Montage of San Miguel de Allende
Montage of San Miguel de Allende
درع San Miguel de Allende
Coat of arms
الكنية: 
El Corazón de México[1]
الشعار: 
Hic Natus Ubique Notus
San Miguel de Allende is located in Guanajuato
San Miguel de Allende
San Miguel de Allende
Location in Mexico
San Miguel de Allende is located in المكسيك
San Miguel de Allende
San Miguel de Allende
San Miguel de Allende (المكسيك)
الإحداثيات: 20°54′51″N 100°44′37″W / 20.91417°N 100.74361°W / 20.91417; -100.74361
Country المكسيك
Stateگواناخواتو Guanajuato
FoundedPre-1541
Municipal Status1811
الحكومة
 • Municipal PresidentLuis Alberto Villarreal
المنسوب
(of seat)
1٬900 m (6٬200 ft)
التعداد
 (2005) Municipality
 • Municipality139٬297
 • 
62٬034
منطقة التوقيتUTC−06:00 (Central (US Central))
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC−05:00 (Central)
Postal code (of seat)
37700
مفتاح الهاتف415
Demonymsanmiguelense[2]
الموقع الإلكتروني(in إسپانية) [1]
الاسم الرسميProtective town of San Miguel de Allende and Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco
النوعCultural
المعيارii, iv
التوصيف2008 (32nd session)
الرقم المرجعي1274
State PartyFlag of Mexico.svg المكسيك
RegionLatin America and the Caribbean

San Miguel de Allende (النطق الإسپاني: [san mi'ɣel de a'ʎende]) is the principal city in the municipality of San Miguel de Allende, located in the far eastern part of Guanajuato, Mexico. A part of the Bajío region,[3] the city lies 274 km (170 mi) from Mexico City, 86 km (53 mi) from Querétaro, and 97 km (60 mi) from the state capital of Guanajuato.[4] The city's name derives from two persons: 16th-century friar Juan de San Miguel, and a martyr of Mexican Independence, Ignacio Allende, who was born in a house facing the city's central plaza. San Miguel de Allende was also a critical epicenter during the historic Chichimeca War (1540–1590) where the Chichimeca Confederation defeated the Spanish Empire in the initial colonization war. Today, an old section of the town is part of a proclaimed World Heritage Site, attracting thousands of tourists and new residents from abroad every year.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the town was in danger of becoming a ghost town after an influenza pandemic. Gradually, its Baroque/Neoclassical colonial structures were "discovered" by foreign artists who moved in and began art and cultural institutes such as the Instituto Allende and the Escuela de Bellas Artes. This gave the town a reputation, attracting artists such as David Alfaro Siqueiros, who taught painting.

This attracted foreign art students, especially former U.S. soldiers studying on the G.I. Bill after the Second World War. Since then, the town has attracted a significant number of foreign retirees, artists, writers and tourists, which has shifted the area's economy from agriculture and industry to commerce catering to outside visitors and residents.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designated the Protective town of San Miguel and the Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco as a World Heritage Site in 2008. The area of designation includes part of the town San Miguel de Allende and part of the town of Atotonilco, which are about 14 kilometers apart.[5] The World Heritage Site is highlighted by a core zone of 43 hectares[6] in San Miguel de Allende's well-preserved historic center, filled with buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries. The other part of the World Heritage Site fourteen kilometers north, at the Sanctuary of Atotonilco, has a core zone of .75 hectares surrounded by a buffer zone of about 4.5 hectares.[6]


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الديمغرافيا

منظر calle Umaran in the downtown.
حانة گانو نگرو، شارع مسونـِس



Landmarks

Historic core zone

Hernandez Macias street


الجغرافيا

المناخ

Climate data for سان ميگل دى ألندى (1951–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 34.5
(94.1) 		35.5
(95.9) 		38.0
(100.4) 		39.0
(102.2) 		39.6
(103.3) 		39.0
(102.2) 		36.8
(98.2) 		36.0
(96.8) 		37.0
(98.6) 		37.0
(98.6) 		34.5
(94.1) 		32.5
(90.5) 		39.6
(103.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 23.0
(73.4) 		25.2
(77.4) 		28.5
(83.3) 		30.2
(86.4) 		30.7
(87.3) 		29.1
(84.4) 		27.2
(81.0) 		27.2
(81.0) 		26.3
(79.3) 		25.5
(77.9) 		24.6
(76.3) 		23.2
(73.8) 		26.7
(80.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 14.5
(58.1) 		16.2
(61.2) 		19.3
(66.7) 		21.3
(70.3) 		22.2
(72.0) 		21.7
(71.1) 		20.5
(68.9) 		20.5
(68.9) 		19.9
(67.8) 		18.3
(64.9) 		16.5
(61.7) 		14.8
(58.6) 		18.8
(65.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 6.0
(42.8) 		7.3
(45.1) 		10.0
(50.0) 		12.4
(54.3) 		13.8
(56.8) 		14.4
(57.9) 		13.9
(57.0) 		13.7
(56.7) 		13.5
(56.3) 		11.1
(52.0) 		8.4
(47.1) 		6.4
(43.5) 		10.9
(51.6)
Record low °C (°F) −3
(27) 		−8
(18) 		−1
(30) 		1.5
(34.7) 		6.0
(42.8) 		8.0
(46.4) 		6.5
(43.7) 		7.0
(44.6) 		4.0
(39.2) 		−2
(28) 		−6
(21) 		−5
(23) 		−8
(18)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 13.7
(0.54) 		7.2
(0.28) 		6.0
(0.24) 		18.9
(0.74) 		42.2
(1.66) 		100.1
(3.94) 		128.7
(5.07) 		94.4
(3.72) 		94.2
(3.71) 		41.5
(1.63) 		12.7
(0.50) 		6.5
(0.26) 		566.1
(22.29)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 2.1 1.1 0.9 2.6 5.2 9.4 11.8 8.3 8.6 4.5 1.8 1.7 58.0
Source: Servicio Meteorologico Nacional[7]
العمدة السابق لسان ميگل دى ألندى، لوز ماريا نونييز فلوريس (ربيع 2012)
سان ميگل دى ألندى
جدول طقس (التفسير)
يفمأمييأسأند
 
 
14
 
23
6
 
 
7.2
 
25
7
 
 
6
 
29
10
 
 
19
 
30
12
 
 
42
 
31
14
 
 
100
 
29
14
 
 
129
 
27
14
 
 
94
 
27
14
 
 
94
 
26
14
 
 
42
 
26
11
 
 
13
 
25
8
 
 
6.5
 
23
6
متوسطات درجات الحرارة القصوى والدنيا - °س
إجمالي الهطل - مم
المصدر: SMN[7]


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الثقافة

Entrance to a crafts store in the historic center of the town

الاقتصاد

السياحة

الزراعة

Vineyards and vendimia celebration near San Miguel de Allende.

البلدات التوأم – المدن الشقيقة

انظر أيضاً: List of twin towns and sister cities in Mexico

سان ميگل دى ألندى متوأمة مع:[بحاجة لمصدر]

الهامش

  1. ^ Covert (2017), p. xviii.
  2. ^ Covert (2017), p. xx.
  3. ^ Cruz, Osiel (6 August 2013). "BAJÍO, EL NUEVO MILAGRO MEXICANO". T21MX (in الإسبانية). Retrieved 8 November 2018.
  4. ^ "Estado de Guanajuato - Allende" [State of Guanajuato - Allende]. Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México (in Spanish). Mexico: Instituto Nacional para el Federalismo y el Desarrollo Municipal. 2005. Archived from the original on 18 May 2011. Retrieved 20 October 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  5. ^ "Protective town of San Miguel and the Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco: Description". UNESCO. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
  6. ^ أ ب "Protective town of San Miguel and the Sanctuary of Jesús Nazareno de Atotonilco: Maps". UNESCO. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
  7. ^ أ ب "Normales climatológicas 1951–2010" (in Spanish). National Meteorological Service of Mexico. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 26 February 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  8. ^ "Interactive City Directory". Sister Cities International. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-20.

للاستزادة

  • Covert, Lisa Pinley (2010) "Colonial Outpost to Artists' Mecca: Conflict and Collaboration in the Development of San Miguel de Allende's Tourism Industry", in Holiday in Mexico: Critical Reflections on Tourism and Tourist Encounters ISBN 978-0-8223-4571-8
  • Covert, Lisa Pinley (2017) San Miguel de Allende: Mexicans, Foreigners, and the Making of a World Heritage Site. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Spiegel, Mamie (2005) San Miguel and the War of Independence

وصلات خارجية

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for San Miguel de Allende.
تمّ الاسترجاع من "https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=سان_ميگل_دى_ألندى&oldid=3983092"