زا لونگ
Nguyễn Thế Tổ | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
امبراطور ڤيت نام | |||||||||||||||||
امبراطور داي ڤيت | |||||||||||||||||
العهد | 1/6/1802–1804 | ||||||||||||||||
سبقه | Nguyễn Quang Toản of Tây Sơn dynasty | ||||||||||||||||
تبعه | داي ڤيت تغير اسمها إلى ڤيت نام | ||||||||||||||||
امبراطور داي ڤيت | |||||||||||||||||
العهد | 1804–1820 | ||||||||||||||||
سبقه | داي ڤيت تغير اسمها إلى ڤيت نام | ||||||||||||||||
تبعه | مينه مانگ | ||||||||||||||||
امبراطور أسرة وين | |||||||||||||||||
العهد | 1/6/1802–3/2/1820 | ||||||||||||||||
سبقه | الأسرة تأسست | ||||||||||||||||
تبعه | مينه مانگ | ||||||||||||||||
Lord of Nguyễn Clan | |||||||||||||||||
العهد | 1777–1/6/1802 | ||||||||||||||||
سبقه | Nguyễn Phúc Dương | ||||||||||||||||
تبعه | نهاية القائد العسكري | ||||||||||||||||
وُلِد | 8/2/1762 هوى، داي ڤيت | ||||||||||||||||
توفي | 3/2/1820 (عن عمر 57) المدينة الامبراطورية، هوى | ||||||||||||||||
الدفن | |||||||||||||||||
الزوج | Empress Thừa Thiên Empress Thuận Thiên Noble Consort Lê Ngọc Bình أكثر من 100 جارية | ||||||||||||||||
الأنجال | Nguyễn Phúc Cảnh Nguyễn Phúc Đảm 13 other sons and 18 daughters | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
البيت | وين | ||||||||||||||||
الأب | Nguyễn Phúc Luân | ||||||||||||||||
الأم | Nguyễn Thị Hoàn | ||||||||||||||||
الديانة | البوذية، Ruism |
زا لونگ (Gia Long ؛ ڤيتنامية: [zaː lawŋm]؛ 8 فبراير 1762 - 3 فبراير 1820)، وُلِد Nguyễn Phúc Ánh أو Nguyễn Ánh [1]), was the first امبراطور أسرة وين في ڤيتنام. بتوحيده ما هو اليوم ڤيتنام في 1802، فقد أسس أسرة وين، آخر الأسر الحاكمة الڤيتنامية.
A nephew of the last Nguyễn lord who ruled over southern Vietnam, Nguyễn Ánh was forced into hiding in 1777 as a fifteen-year-old when his family was slain في ثورة Tây Sơn. After several changes of fortune in which his loyalists regained and again lost Saigon, he befriended القس الكاثوليكي الفرنسي پينيو دى بين. Pigneau championed his cause to the French government—and managed to recruit volunteers when this fell through—to help Nguyễn Ánh regain the throne. From 1789, Nguyễn Ánh was once again in the ascendancy and began his northward march to defeat the Tây Sơn, reaching the border with China by 1802, which had previously been under the control of the Trịnh lords. Following their defeat, he succeeded in reuniting Vietnam after centuries of internecine feudal warfare, with a greater land mass than ever before, stretching من الصين نزولاً إلى خليج سيام.
Gia Long's rule was noted for its Confucian orthodoxy. He overcame the Tây Sơn rebellion and reinstated the classical Confucian education and civil service system. He moved the capital from Hanoi south to Huế as the country's populace had also shifted south over the preceding centuries, and built up fortresses and a palace in his new capital. Using French expertise, he modernized Vietnam's defensive capabilities. In deference to the assistance of his French friends, he tolerated the activities of Roman Catholic missionaries, something that became increasingly restricted under his successors. Under his rule, Vietnam strengthened its military dominance in Indochina, expelling Siamese forces from Cambodia and turning it into a vassal state.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
النشأة
پينيو والمساعدة الفرنسية
استجماع جنوب ڤيتنام
التحصينات
تقوية البحرية
توحيد ڤيتنام
الهيكل الإداري
العلاقات التجارية
السياسات الداخلية والأعمال الكبرى
العائلة والخلافة
Gia Long had many wives, but the most famous consorts are Empress Thừa Thiên, Empress Thuận Thiên, and Consort Lê Ngọc Bình.
انظر أيضاً
| Nguyễn Thế Tổ
]].الهامش
- ^ في هذا الاسم الڤيتنامي، لقب العائلة هو وين Nguyễn، ولكن كثيراً ما يُبَسـَّط إلى Nguyen بدون تنوين في النصوص الإنگليزية. وحسب التقاليد الڤيتنامية، فالأسلوب الصحيح للإشارة لهذا الشخص هو بذِكر اسمه الأول آن Ánh أو Anh (في نصوص اللغة الإنگليزية).
- Buttinger, Joseph (1958). The Smaller Dragon: A Political History of Vietnam. New York: Praeger.
- Cady, John F. (1964). Southeast Asia: Its Historical Development. New York: McGraw Hill.
- Duiker, William J. (1989). Historical dictionary of Vietnam. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-2164-8.
- Dutton, George Edson (2006). The Tây Sơn uprising: society and rebellion in eighteenth-century Vietnam. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-2984-0.
- Hall, D. G. E. (1981). A History of South-east Asia. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-24163-0.
- Karnow, Stanley (1997). Vietnam: A history. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-670-84218-4.
- Mantienne, Frédéric (October 2003). "The Transfer of Western Military Technology to Vietnam in the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries: The Case of the Nguyen". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies. Singapore: Cambridge University Press. 34 (3): 519–534. doi:10.1017/S0022463403000468.
- McLeod, Mark W. (1991). The Vietnamese response to French intervention, 1862–1874. New York: Praeger. ISBN 0-275-93562-0.
- Ring, Trudy; Salkin, Robert M.; La Boda, Sharon (1994). International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1-884964-04-4.
- Tarling, Nicholas (1999). The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia. Vol. 1 (part 2). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-66370-9.
{{cite book}}
: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=
(help) - Tran Trong Kim (2005). Việt Nam sử lược (in Vietnamese). Ho Chi Minh City: Ho Chi Minh City General Publishing House.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - Woodside, Alexander (1988). Vietnam and the Chinese model: a comparative study of Vietnamese and Chinese government in the first half of the nineteenth century. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-93721-X.
- Choi Byung Wook (2004). Southern Vietnam Under the Reign of Minh Mạng (1820-1841): Central Policies and Local Response. SEAP Publications. ISBN 978-0-87727-138-3.
زا لونگ توفي: 1820
| ||
سبقه Nguyễn Phúc Thuần Nguyen Phuc Duong |
Nguyễn Lord 1780–1802 |
New title Foundation of Nguyễn Dynasty |
سبقه Quang Toan of Tây Sơn Dynasty |
Emperor of Vietnam 1802–1822 |
تبعه Emperor Minh Mạng |
قالب:Gia Long قالب:NguyenLord قالب:Emperors of Nguyen Dynasty قالب:Rattanakosin