رفيق صيدم

الدكتور رفيق صَيْدم
Refik Saydam
Saydam in 1939
رئيس وزراء تركيا الرابع
في المنصب 25 January 1939 – 8 July 1942
الرئيس	عصمت إينونو
سبقه	جلال بايار
خلـَفه	Ahmet Fikri Tüzer
وزير الداخلية
في المنصب 11 November 1938 – 25 January 1939
رئيس الوزراء	جلال بايار
سبقه	Mehmet Cemil Uybadın
خلـَفه	Mehmet Faik Öztrak
Minister of Health
في المنصب 4 March 1925 – 25 October 1937
رئيس الوزراء	İsmet İnönü
سبقه	Mazhar Germen
خلـَفه	Ahmet Hulusi Alataş
في المنصب 30 October 1923 – 21 November 1924
رئيس الوزراء	عصمت إينونو
سبقه	Rıza Nur
خلـَفه	Mazhar Germen
في المنصب 10 March 1921 – 20 December 1921
رئيس الوزراء	Fevzi Çakmak
سبقه	Adnan Adıvar
خلـَفه	Rıza Nur
Minister of National Education
في المنصب 13 August 1933 – 26 October 1933
رئيس الوزراء	İsmet İnönü
سبقه	رشيد غالب
خلـَفه	يوسف حكمت بايور
في المنصب 17 September 1930 – 26 September 1930
رئيس الوزراء	İsmet İnönü
سبقه	Cemal Hüsnü Taray
خلـَفه	Esat Sagay
عضو المجلس الوطني الأكبر
في المنصب 28 June 1923 – 8 July 1942
الدائرة الانتخابية	Istanbul (1923, 1927, 1931, 1935, 1939)
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد	İbrahim Refik (1881-09-08)8 سبتمبر 1881 Constantinople, Ottoman Empire
توفي	8 يوليو 1942(1942-07-08) (aged 60) Istanbul, Turkey
القومية	Turkish
الحزب	Republican People's Party (CHP)
المدرسة الأم	Gülhane Military Medical Academy
المهنة	طبيب
التوقيع

إبراهيم رفيق صَيْدم/سايدام İbrahim Refik Saydam ‏(8 سبتمبر 1881 - 8 يوليو 1942) كان Turkish physician, politician and the fourth Prime Minister of Turkey, serving from 25 January 1939 until his death on 8 July 1942.

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 السيرة

Grave of Refik Saydam at Cebeci Asri Cemetery.

Saydam was born in Istanbul in 1881 as the son of Hacı Ahmet Efendi of Çankırı. After completing primary and secondary education in Fatih Military Junior High School, he entered to Military School of Medicine in 1899. He went on a training course at Gülhane as of graduating with the rank of doctor captain on 4 November 1905. He was assigned as a doctor at Maltepe Military Hospital and Feshane Factory between the years 1907-1910 and improved his expertise in military camps and hospitals by being sent to Germany in 1910.

He was a medic in the Ottoman Army during the dissolution of the empire. He created a medicine to cure typhus, which was used largely by the Central Powers.

Saydam was one of the key people of the Independence War. He landed at Samsun with Mustafa Kemal (later named: Atatürk) in 1919 to start the resistance in Anatolia. He was known as a reformist while he was the Prime Minister. Just three years after his death, the one-party period came to an end in Turkey.

 السيرة السياسية

Refik Saydam in the 1920s

Saydam became the vice-president of the Department of Health of the Ministry of War on 1 December 1913 and was promoted to the rank of major on 1 June 1915. Meanwhile, he established the Institute of Bacteriology and his vaccines against epidemics and especially typhus had been effective. After the truce, he assigned to the order of 9th Army Inspectorship and passed to Anatolia along with Mustafa Kemal as the health inspector of the army, soon named as the 3rd Army Inspectorship, on 15 May 1919. He attended to Erzurum and Sivas Congresses, came to Ankara with the delegation committee and joined to the opening ceremony of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey with the elections held for the first term as the deputy of Bayazıt on 23 April 1920. He was elected as the Minister of Health in the Council of Ministers under the presidency of Fevzi Pasha, as the Minister of Health and Social Relief upon the resignation of Adnan, and resigned from ministry suggesting his sickness on 14 December 1921.

Being elected as İstanbul deputy, he officiated as the Minister of Health under the cabinet of İsmet Pasha in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th sessions.

After the death of Atatürk, at the Second Bayar Government formed on 11 November 1938, Saydam performed as the Minister of Interior and was assigned as the general secretary of the Republican People's Party. He was appointed to Prime Ministry of the 11th and 12th government of Turkey by President İsmet İnönü as İstanbul Deputy at the 6th session elections on 25 January 1939.

During this duty, he died in İstanbul on 8 July 1942 and was buried in Ankara.

Endeavoring to extend the health services and establishing health facilities, especially the Hıfzıssıha Foundation which is today known with his name, at the period of his health ministry, he also tried to protect the nation from the negative impacts of World War II during the period of prime ministry. He was never married.

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  عصمت إينونو ورفيق صيدم، 1939

 انظر أيضاً

• قائمة رؤساء وزراء تركيا

 المصادر

• Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the General Directorate of Cultural Heritages and Museums

 وصلات خارجية

• Refik Saydam Hıfzısıhha Center
• Newspaper clippings about رفيق صيدم in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

مناصب سياسية
سبقه Adnan Adıvar	Minister of Health 10 March 1921 – 20 December 1921	تبعه Rıza Nur
سبقه Rıza Nur	Minister of Health 30 October 1923 – 21 November 1924	تبعه Mazhar Germen
سبقه Mazhar Germen	Minister of Health 4 March 1925 – 25 October 1937	تبعه Ahmet Hulusi Alataş
سبقه Cemal Hüsnü Taray	Minister of National Education 17 September 1930 – 26 September 1930	تبعه Esat Sagay
سبقه Reşit Galip	Minister of National Education 13 August 1933 – 26 October 1933	تبعه Yusuf Hikmet Bayur
سبقه Mehmet Cemil Uybadın	Minister of the Interior 11 November 1938 – 25 January 1939	تبعه Mehmet Faik Öztrak
سبقه Celâl Bayar	Prime Minister of Turkey 25 January 1939 – 8 July 1942	تبعه Şükrü Saracoğlu

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