تاتشيرا

For other uses, see تاتشيرا (توضيح).

Táchira
ولاية ڤنزويلية
Flag Coat of arms
النشيد: Himno del Estado Táchira
Location within Venezuela
الإحداثيات: 7.94°N 72.12°W / 7.94; -72.12
Country	Venezuela
Created	1899
Capital	San Cristóbal
الحكومة
• Governor	Laidy Gómez (2017–present)
المساحة
• الإجمالي	10٬812 كم² (4٬175 ميل²)
ترتيب المساحة	16th
	1.2% of Venezuela
التعداد  (2011 census est.)
• الإجمالي	1٬168٬908
• الترتيب	9th
	4.5% of Venezuela
منطقة التوقيت	UTC-04:00
ISO 3166 code	VE-S
Emblematic tree	Pino Criollo, or Laso (Prumnopitys montana)
الموقع الإلكتروني	www.tachira.gob.ve

ولاية تاتشيرا (إسپانية: Estado Táchira؛ النطق الإسپاني: [esˈtaðo ˈtatʃiɾa]) هي واحدة من 23 ولاية ڤنزويلية. عاصمة الولاية هي سان كريستوبال.

تغطي ولاية تاتشيرا مساحة سطحية إجمالية 10,812 كم²، وفي تعداد 2011 بلغ عدد سكانها 1,168,908 نسمة. At the end of the 19th century, Táchira state was the place where oil was discovered in Venezuela. It was exploited for many years. Currently, its main economic revenues come from the production of coffee and pineapple. The cattle and agricultural activities play an important role in Táchira's economy. There is also a strong industrial sector which focuses on the processing of potato, sugar, milk, and cheese and the production of textiles.

ولاية تاتشيرا هي واحدة من ثلاث ولايات ڤنزويلية بجبال الأنديز (الولايتان الأخريان هما ميريدا و تروخيو). This state borders with ولاية سوليا in the north, Barinas and Mérida states in the East, Apure and Barinas states in the south و كولومبيا (Norte de Santander Department) in the west.

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 التاريخ

Táchira State plays an important role in the early parts of Venezuelan history. This state produced more presidents than any other state during the 20th century: Cipriano Castro, Juan Vicente Gómez, Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Isaías Medina Angarita, Eleazar López Contreras, Carlos Andrés Pérez, and Ramón José Velásquez.

At the end of the 19th century, the people of Táchira State were tired of being left out of the main country's decisions. Consequently, a group of men decided to start a revolution called the "Revolución Restauradora" (The Restorative Revolution). The idea was to take power and enhance the importance of the Andean Region in the country. It was led by Cipriano Castro and was successful.

Until the start of 20th century it was highly difficult travelling between Táchira state and others, even within the state. This condition led to cultural differences between the people of Táchira and those from the rest of Venezuela. The former were more influenced by Colombian culture, a more accessible region through Norte de Santander province.

 السياحة

During January the Capital city of San Cristóbal celebrates its fiesta, which is recognized nationally for its industrial, commercial and agricultural exhibitions. During this time there are bull-fights, events, parties, and a number of artists come to have their shows.

 الجغرافيا

تقع ولاية تاتشيرا في جبال الأنديز. أعلى نقطة فيها هي لا مونتانيا إل پولپيتو، بإرتفاع يناهز 3995 متر فوق سطح البحر. Táchira's population is mainly located in San Cristóbal is the most important and prosperous city of this state. Tariba, Rubio, Colon, La Grita are also other important urban centres for this state.

It has international borders with Colombia at West and South with Norte de Santander Department. At North it has Zulia and Mérida states and in the East it has Barinas and Apure states.

The main peaks are:

• The Pulpit: 3,912 m
• Moor Battalion: 3,507 m
• The Tama: 3,450 m
• Moor La Negra: 3,450 m
• Moor The Zumbador: 2,850 m

 البلديات ومقارها

San Pedro del Río, Táchira State

Palmira, Tachira

Municipalities of Táchira

1. Andrés Bello (Cordero)
2. Antonio Rómulo Costa (Las Mesas)
3. Ayacucho (Colón)
4. Bolívar (San Antonio del Táchira)
5. Cárdenas (Táriba)
6. Córdoba (Santa Ana del Táchira)
7. Fernández Feo (San Rafael del Piñal)
8. Francisco de Miranda (San José de Bolívar)
9. García de Hevia (La Fría)
10. Guásimos (Palmira)
11. Independencia (Capacho Nuevo)
12. Jáuregui (La Grita)
13. José María Vargas (El Cobre)
14. Junín (Rubio)
15. Libertad (Capacho Viejo)
16. Libertador (Abejales)
17. Lobatera (Lobatera)
18. Michelena (Michelena)
19. Panamericano (Coloncito)
20. Pedro María Ureña (Ureña)
21. Rafael Urdaneta (Delicias)
22. Samuel Darío Maldonado (La Tendida)
23. San Cristóbal (San Cristóbal)
24. San Judas Tadeo (Umuquena)
25. Seboruco (Seboruco)
26. Simón Rodríguez (San Simon)
27. Sucre (Queniquea)
28. Torbes (San Josecito)
29. Uribante (Pregonero)

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 عاصمة الولاية

The city of San Cristóbal is the capital of the state. It is an important economic pole for the country since it is located in the Colombian-Venezuelan border axis and, therefore, it is a commercial city where small and medium entrepreneurs develop important commercial transactions. It has a metropolitan population that exceeds 400,000 inhabitants. Its topography extends under a succession of river terraces and has an average temperature of 23 °C. It is at an altitude of 825 meters above sea level, which gives it a pleasant climate. San Cristóbal was founded on March 31, 1561, by the captain and advanced Juan Maldonado y Ordóñez, which makes it one of the oldest cities in Venezuela.

San Cristóbal, the state capital

Nowadays, the city of San Cristóbal is recognized by its wide academic and cultural activity. Its universities are recognized: Universidad de los Andes (Táchira nucleus), Universidad Nacional Experimental del Táchira (UNET) and Universidad Católica del Táchira (UCAT), among others, as well as for its San Sebastián International Fair.

 البلدات الرئيسية

The San Cristóbal metropolitan area, made up of the municipalities of Andrés Bello, Cárdenas, Córdoba, Guásimos, Libertad, Independencia, Tórbes and San Cristóbal, will have around 263,7659 inhabitants in 2011, which represents the largest population concentration in the state.

According to the data projected by the INE for the year 2013 the main population centers are

Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles Church, in La Grita

• San Cristóbal: 263 765 inhabitants.
• Táriba: 97 356 inhabitants.
• Rubio: 95 041 inhabitants.
• San Antonio del Táchira: 69 661 inhabitants.
• San Juan de Colón: 69 387 inhabitants
• La Fría: 60 392 inhabitants.
• La Grita: 54 366 inhabitants.
• Ureña: 51 900 inhabitants.
• Palmira: 50 899 inhabitants.
• El Piñal: 50 417 inhabitants.

 التعداد

 الأعراق

According to the 2011 Census, the racial composition of the population was:

المركب العرقي	التعداد	%
White	743,013	58.8
مستيزو	N/A	38.6
Black	22,745	1.8
Other race	N/A	0.8

 انظر أيضاً

• ولايات ڤنزويلا
• پوتوسي، ڤنزويلا