التنين الداتشي

التنين الداتشي Dacian Draco : أو الذئبة و شعار الحرب Dacian warfare تحول لاحقا لشعار روما ,

حاليا شعار الكثير من الأندية الإيطالية وأشهرهم نادي روما , حتي إسم رومانيا والرومان وروما, وكثير من الطليان يقر بأن الرومان لهم أصول رومانية,

دراكوناريوس Draconarius : كان نوعًا من العلامات التي تحمل معيار الفرسان المعروف باسم دراكو في الجيش الروماني .

The Dacians bearing the draco on Trajan's Column

The draco first appears on Trajan's Column in Rome, a monument that depicts the Dacian wars of 101–102 AD and 105–106 AD. German historian Conrad Cichorius notes that, even though Dacians carry the draco, it was called the Scythian draco in Arrian's Tactica written around 136 AD.^[1] According to Ellis Minns, the dragon standards of the Arrian were those of the Dacians.^[2]

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Representations of the Dacian Draco

Draco is borne by Dacian cavalry crossing the Danube (Trajan's Column)

Dacian Draco on Trajan's Column

Trajan's Column in Rome

Roman coins of Dacia

The draco appears on coins of Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius (r.138–161 AD), indicating that it was still the characteristic emblem in the 2nd century.^[3]^[4] In AD 250 on a coin of Decius the Roman province of Dacia holds a wolf- or hound-dragon standard.^[5] The same type also occurs on antoniniani coins of Claudius Gothicus (r.268–270) and Aurelian (r.270–275).^[6]

Dacia with draco on antoninianus of Trajan Decius, AD 250-251

Arch of Galerius in Thessaloniki

The characteristic Dacian dragon emblem is carried by a group of Dacian horsemen depicted on the Arch of Galerius and Rotunda in Thessaloniki, Greece.^[7]

Funerary sculptured monument of Chester

Dacian or Sarmatian rider with draco from Deva Victrix. In display at Grosvenor Museum.

Votive tablets

Carolingian cavalrymen from the 9th century with a draco standard

Dacian Draco and weapons from Trajan's Column by Michel-François Dandré-Bardon

A Dacian Draco on a 1993 Romanian 5000 lei bill

A draco banner is carried by one of the Danubian Riders, native Dacian deities, on a Danubian plaque ascribed to the first two decades of the 4th century.^[8] Because of the great importance of this symbol in the religious and military life of the Dacians, some writers believe that the draco must have been directly adopted and reproduced on the so-called Danubian plaques dating to the 3rd–4th centuries.^[9] According to some researchers such as Dumitru Tudor, the presence of this military ensign on the Danubian plaques is explained simply as due to chance — the result of a fortuitous combination of horseman and sky-god themes through the imagination of native sculptors.^[10]

Copies

لاحقا تحورت في رومانيا إلي Dracula الشهير بمصاص الدماء والمستذئب ضد الأتراك المسلمين في البلقان.

Gallery

Dacian Draco at the National Military Museum, Romania
Dacian Draco on Trajan's Column
Dacian Draco on Trajan's Column cf. Grigore Tocilescu
Dacian Draco from Trajan's Column cf. Michel-François Dandré-Bardon
Dacian Draco Bearer in Dacian Wars by Victor Duruy
Dacian Draco symbol
The new Bitdefender antivirus logo showcasing the Dacian Draco
Tiamat, the chaos monster from Babylonian religion
Dacian gold bracelet with snake-motif, dated to 1st century BC – 1st century AD, from Sarmizegetusa, Romania
Depiction of Dacia on Decius coin 250 AD
Dacia with Draco on antoninianus of Trajan Decius, AD 251
Traianus Decius Antoninianus 250

Notes

^ Milner 1997, p. 20.
^ Minns 1913, p. 78.
^ Toynbee 1934, pp. 148-149.
^ Damian 2002, p. 1.
^ Speidel 2004, pp. 191.
^ Toynbee 1934, pp. 80.
^ Makaronas 1970, p. 41.
^ Tudor 1976, p. 82 and 141.
^ Tudor 1976, p. 115.
^ Tudor 1976, p. 114.

References

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