إنگل‌وود، نيوجرزي

Coordinates: 40°53′28″N 73°58′21″W / 40.891197°N 73.972515°W / 40.891197; -73.972515
Englewood, New Jersey
City
City of Englewood
Downtown Englewood, New Jersey
Downtown Englewood, New Jersey
Map highlighting Englewood's location within Bergen County. Inset: Bergen County's location within New Jersey
Map highlighting Englewood's location within Bergen County. Inset: Bergen County's location within New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Englewood, New Jersey Interactive map of Englewood, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Englewood, New Jersey
+−
Interactive map of Englewood, New Jersey
إنگل‌وود is located in مقاطعة برگن، نيوجرزي
إنگل‌وود
إنگل‌وود
Location in Bergen County
الإحداثيات: 40°53′28″N 73°58′21″W / 40.891197°N 73.972515°W / 40.891197; -73.972515[1][2]
البلد الولايات المتحدة
الولاية نيوجرزي
المقاطعةبرگن
IncorporatedMarch 17, 1899
السمِيْEngle family or
"English Neighborhood"
الحكومة
[7]
 • النوعSpecial Charter
 • الكيانمجلس المدينة
 • العمدةFrank Huttle (D, term ends December 31, 2018)[3][4]
 • ManagerEd Hynes (interim)[5]
 • Municipal clerkYancy Wazirmas[6]
المساحة
[1]
 • الإجمالي4٫937 ميل² (12٫786 كم²)
 • البر4٫914 ميل² (12٫727 كم²)
 • الماء0٫023 ميل² (0٫060 كم²)  0.47%
المنسوب
[8]
43 ft (13 m)
التعداد
 (2010 Census)[9][10][11]
 • الإجمالي27٬147
 • Estimate 
(2016)[12]
28٬455
 • الترتيب88th of 566 in state
6th of 70 in county[13]
 • الكثافة5٬524٫6/sq mi (2٬133٫1/km2)
 • ترتيب الكثافة96th of 566 in state
26th of 70 in county[13]
منطقة التوقيتUTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC−4 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
07631[14][15]
مفتاح الهاتف201[16]
FIPS code3400321480[1][17][18]
GNIS feature ID0885209[1][19]
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.cityofenglewood.org

إنگل‌وود هي مدينة تقع في مقاطعة بيرغن ، الولايات المتحدة. ووفق تعداد الولايات المتحدة لعام 2010 ، بلغ عدد سكان المدينة 27147 نسمة. [9][10][11] مما يعكس زيادة قدرها 944 (+ 3.6٪) من 26203 تم احتسابها في تعداد 2000 ، والتي زادت بدورها بمقدار 1،353 (+ 5.4٪) من 24،850 تم احتسابها في تعداد 1990.[20]

تم دمج إنگل‌وود كمدينة بموجب قانون الهيئة التشريعية لنيوجرزي في 17 مارس 1899 ، من أجزاء من بلدة ريدجفيلد والأجزاء المتبقية من بلدة إنگل‌وود. ومع إنشاء مدينة إنگل‌وود، تم حل بلدة إنگل‌وود. وتم الإعلان أن استفتاء سابق في 10 مارس 1896 غير دستوري.[21]

التاريخ

أصل الاسم

Englewood Township, the city's predecessor, is believed to have been named in 1859 for the Engle family. The community had been called the "English Neighborhood", as the first primarily English-speaking settlement on the New Jersey side of the Hudson River after New Netherland was annexed by England in 1664, though other sources mention the Engle family and the heavily forested areas of the community as the derivation of the name.[22][23] Other sources indicate that the name is derived from "wood ingle", meaning "woody nook",[24] or that the name was coined anew.[25]

Numerous other settlements in the United States were named for Englewood as settlement in North America expanded westward. J. Wyman Jones is credited with convincing residents to choose Englewood for the city's name when it was incorporated over such alternatives as "Brayton" and "Paliscena".[23][26][27]

قبل الاستعمار وبعده

Englewood, like the rest of New Jersey, was populated by Lenape Native Americans prior to European colonization. The Lenape who lived in the Englewood region were of the "turtle clan" which used a stylized turtle as its symbol. 2,000 Lenape originally lived in Englewood, but due to conflicts with the Europeans their population dwindled down to 50 by 1832.[23]

When Henry Hudson sailed up what would become known as the Hudson River in 1607, he claimed the entirety of the watershed of the river, including Englewood, for the Netherlands, making the future region of Englewood a part of New Netherland. However, the region remained largely unsettled under Dutch rule as the Dutch did little to encourage settlement north of modern Hudson County, as the imposing New Jersey Palisades blocked expansion on the west bank of the Hudson.[23]

In 1664, after the Dutch surrendered all of New Netherland to England, the rate of settlement picked up. The English were generous with land grants, and many families, not only English but also Dutch and Huguenot, settled the area, which during the colonial era was known as the English Neighborhood. Street names in Englewood still recall the relative diversity of its earliest settlers; Brinckerhoff, Van Brunt, Lydecker, Van Nostrand and Durie (Duryea), all Dutch; Demarest (de Marais), DeMott and Lozier (Le Sueur), French Huguenot; and Moore, Lawrence, Cole and Day, English.

ملاحظات تاريخية

From 1906 until March 16, 1907, when it burned down, Englewood was the site of Upton Sinclair's socialist-inflected intentional community, the Helicon Home Colony. Associated with the project were Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Sinclair Lewis.[28]

Direct distance dialing, which allowed callers to reach other users outside their local calling area without operator assistance, was introduced to the public in Englewood. On November 10, 1951, Englewood Mayor M. Leslie Denning made the first customer-dialed long-distance call, to Mayor Frank Osborne of Alameda, California. As of that date, customers of the Englewood 3, Englewood 4 and Teaneck 7 exchanges, who could already dial some exchanges in the New York City area, were able to dial 11 cities across the United States by dialing the three-digit area code preceding the local number.[29][30]

Two years after his graduation from Fordham University, Vince Lombardi began his football coaching career at Englewood's St. Cecilia High School, which closed in 1986.[31]

The Sugarhill Gang recorded "Rapper's Delight" in 1979, the first hip hop single to become a Top 40 hit.[32]

المواقع التاريخية

Sites in the city listed on the National Register of Historic Places include:[33]

الجغرافيا

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total area of 4.95 square miles (12.82 km2), including 4.93 square miles (12.76 km2) of land and 0.02 square miles (0.06 km2) of water (0.46%).[1][2]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the city include Highwood.[38]

The city borders the Bergen County municipalities of Bergenfield, Englewood Cliffs, Fort Lee, Leonia, Teaneck and Tenafly.[39][40][41]

السكان

التعداد التاريخي
التعداد Pop. %±
19006٬253—
19109٬92458٫7%
192011٬62717٫2%
193017٬80553٫1%
194018٬9666٫5%
195023٬14522�0%
196026٬05712٫6%
197024٬985−4٫1%
198023٬701−5٫1%
199024٬8504٫8%
200026٬2035٫4%
201027٬1473٫6%
202029٬3088�0%
2023 (تق.)29٬624[42][12]1٫1%
Population sources:
1900–1920[43] 1900–1910[44]
1900–1930[45] 1900–2020[46][47]
2000[48][49] 2010[9][11] 2020[42][50]

تعداد 2010

في تعداد الولايات المتحدة 2010 كان هناك 27٬147 شخص 10٬057 أسرة و6٬788 أسرة تقيم في city. كانت الكثافة السكانية 5,524.6 inhabitants per square mile (2,133.1/km2). كان هناك 10٬695 وحدة سكنية في المناطق متوسط كثافتها السكانية 2,176.5 per square mile (840.4/km2)*. كانت التركيبة العرقية city 45.28% (12٬292) من البيض، 32.58% (8٬845) من الأفارقة الأمريكان، 0.54% (147) من الأمريكان الأصليين، 8.10% (2٬199) من الآسيويين، 0.04% (12) من سكان جزر الهادي، 9.73% (2٬641) من عرقيات أخرى، و3.72% (1٬011) من عرقين أو أكثر. الهسپان واللاتينيين من أي عرقية أخرى كانوا 27.48% (7٬460) من تعداد السكان.[9]

كان هناك 10٬057 أسرة، منهم 28.7% لديهم أطفال أقل من 18 سنة يعيشون معهم، 45.1% متزوجين يعيشون معاً، 17.1% سيدات يعلن الأسرة وزوجن غائب، و32.5% منهم غير عائلات. 27.3% من إجمالي الأسر يتكونون من أفراد و9.6% عبارة عن أشخاص يعيشون بمفردههم يتجاوز سنهم 65 أو أكثر. كان متوسط حجم الأسرة 2.68 ومتوسط حجم العائلة 3.24.[9]

فيما يخص الفئة العمرية لسكان البلدة، كان هناك city، 22.2% تحت 18 سنة 7.7% من 18 - 24، 28.9% من 25 - 44، 27.0% من 45 - 64، و14.2% ي سن 65 أو أكبر. متوسط عمر السكان 38.9 سنة. لكل إناث كان هناك 90.0 ذكر. لكل 100 أنثى في سن 18 سنة أو أكثر هناك 86.3 ذكر.[9]


المنتزهات والترفيه

150-acre Flat Rock Brook nature preserve is located in Englewood.

متنزه ماكاي ، يقع في شارع فان برونت ويضم حلبة هوكي الجليد ومسبحاً ومساراً للمشي وملاعب رياضية.[51]

يقع مركز فلات روك بروك الطبيعي في 433 شارع فان نوستراند ويتكون من بقايا غابة باليساديس. تم إنشاء المركز في عام 1973 ، وهو عبارة عن محمية بمساحة -150أكر (61 ها), ومركزًا تعليميًا يشتمل على 3.6 ميل (5.8 كيلو م) من مسارات المشي والعديد من الحدائق بما في ذلك حديقة الفراشات التي تم تجديدها حديثاً. تتيح فلات روك للزوار التعرف على النظام البيئي الطبيعي المحفوظ في الحديقة من خلال المعارض والجولات المتاحة على مدار العام. [52]

متفرقات

1:31
بيت دونالد ترمب لأجنحة الدجاج، إنجلوود، نيوجرزي. إعلان تلفزيوني من عام 2004.


المراجع

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  5. ^ City Manager / Administration, City of Englewood. Accessed September 16, 2017.
  6. ^ Office of the City Clerk, City of Englewood. Accessed September 16, 2017.
  7. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة DataBook
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  22. ^ Staff. "Morrow Reception Attended By 5,000; New Jersey Republican Leaders Flock to Englewood for New Year's Greeting. HIS TALK IS BROADCAST Well Wishers File Past Envoy for Three Hours in His Debut in Senatorial Race. Prominent Politicians Attend. Morrow's Speech Brief." Archived سبتمبر 29, 2019 at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, January 2, 1930. Accessed September 29, 2019. "In this little town of ours we are proud to call ourselves a neighborhood. The oldest maps show it as 'English neighborhood,' but this was later changed to Englewood."
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  28. ^ Brown, Peggy Ann. "Not Your Usual Boardinghouse Types: Upton Sinclair's Helicon Home Colony, 1906-1907", Department of American Studies, George Washington University, May 1993, backed up by the Internet Archive as of December 2, 2016. Accessed September 16, 2017. "For five months more than seventy-five men, women, and children made Helicon their home for varying lengths of time. Their efforts received wide press coverage and attracted the attention of William James and John Dewey in addition to numerous curiosity-seekers. On March 16, 1907 a fire destroyed the main building, and the colony disbanded."
  29. ^ 1951: First Direct-Dial Transcontinental Telephone Call, AT&T Corporation, backed up by the Internet Archive as of January 7, 2007. Accessed September 16, 2017. "Nov. 10, 1951: Mayor M. Leslie Downing of Englewood, N.J., picked up a telephone and dialed 10 digits. Eighteen seconds later, he reached Mayor Frank Osborne in Alameda, Calif. The mayors made history as they chatted in the first customer-dialed long-distance call, one that introduced area codes."
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  52. ^ History, Flat Rock Nature Center. Accessed September 16, 2017.

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