إستروشن

إستروشن

Истаравшан
استروشن
إستروشن Истаравшан استروشن
	إستروشن Location in Tajikistan
	الإحداثيات: 39°54′39″N 69°00′23″E / 39.91083°N 69.00639°E
البلد	طاجيكستان
الولاية	ولاية صغد
المنسوب	992 m (3٬255 ft)
التعداد (2020)
• المدينة	273٬500
• Urban	65٬600
منطقة التوقيت	UTC+5
Official languages	Russian (Interethnic); Tajik (State);

إسـْتـَرَوْشـَن (بالطاجيكية: Истаравшан؛ فارسية: استروشن؛ روسية: Истаравшан؛ Istaravshan) هي مدينة في ولاية صغد في طاجيكستان. في 2000، غيرت الحكومة الطاجيكية اسم المدينة من الاسم السابق أورتپه (Uroteppa ؛ بالطاجيكية: Ӯротеппа؛ Ura-Tyube؛ روسية: Ура-Тюбе).

The city lies in the northern foothills of the Turkistan mountain range, 78 kilometers southwest of Khujand, on the main road connecting Tajikistan's two largest cities, Khujand and Dushanbe. Bordered by Uzbekistan in the north and west, and Kyrgyzstan in the east, the territorial area of Istaravshan stretches 1,830 square kilometers, and with an administrative population of 273,500 people, the majority of its citizens (76%) live in the outlying countryside.^[2]

Istaravshan is a city-museum, one of central Asia's oldest towns of commerce and crafts. 2002 saw the 2.500 anniversary of the city celebrated by Istaravshan. The city is one of three proposed locations of ancient Cyropolis built on the north-eastern outskirts of the Achaemenid Empire by the king Cyrus in the 6th century B.C.^[4]

قلعة موغ، إستروشن، طاجيكستان

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المناخ

Istaravshan has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk). There is more rainfall in winter than in summer. The average annual temperature in Istaravshan is 12.2 °C (54.0 °F). About 485 mm (19.09 in) of precipitation falls annually.

Climate data for Istaravshan
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	3.2 (37.8)	5.3 (41.5)	11.2 (52.2)	18.9 (66.0)	24.5 (76.1)	30.2 (86.4)	32.8 (91.0)	31.4 (88.5)	26.7 (80.1)	19.1 (66.4)	11.2 (52.2)	5.4 (41.7)	18.3 (65.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−5.0 (23.0)	−3.4 (25.9)	1.8 (35.2)	7.6 (45.7)	11.5 (52.7)	15.3 (59.5)	17.3 (63.1)	15.3 (59.5)	10.3 (50.5)	5.3 (41.5)	0.7 (33.3)	−2.5 (27.5)	6.2 (43.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	56 (2.2)	53 (2.1)	81 (3.2)	80 (3.1)	60 (2.4)	12 (0.5)	6 (0.2)	1 (0.0)	6 (0.2)	38 (1.5)	38 (1.5)	54 (2.1)	370 (14.6)
Source: climate-data.org

التقسيمات

Gourd from Istaravchan, Tajikistan, 10th century CE, National Museum of Tajikistan.

Vase with Kufic inscription al-Yumn (Felicity), 10-11th century CE, Istaravchan, Tajikistan, National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan (941-1442)

Before ca. 2018, Istaravshan was the seat of Istaravshan District, which covered the rural part of the present city of Istaravshan.^[5] The city of Istaravshan covers Istaravshan proper and ten jamoats.^[2] These are as follows:^[6]

Jamoat	Population (Jan. 2015)^[6]
Chorbogh	16,488
Guli Surkh	42,582
Javkandak	10,200
Nijoni	10,350
Nofaroj	10,875
Poshkent	19,746
Qal'achai Kalon	15,433
Qalaibaland	9,820
Sabriston (Frunze)	16,822
Zarhalol	30,683

صور

إستروشن على طوابع بريدية

Stamps of Tajikistan, 2002
Stamps of Tajikistan, 2002
Stamps of Tajikistan, 2002
Stamps of Tajikistan, 2002

أشخاص بارزون

Ulmas Mirsaidovich Mirsaidov (born 1945), theoretical chemist and professor

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

^ "Climate of Vose'". Weatherbase.com. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
^ ^أ ^ب ^ت "Population of the Republic of Tajikistan as of 1 January 2020" (PDF) (in الروسية). Statistics office of Tajikistan. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
^ "КОНСТИТУЦИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАДЖИКИСТАН". prokuratura.tj. Parliament of Tajikistan. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
^ "Istaravshan". Retrieved March 19, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ "Population of the Republic of Tajikistan as of 1 January 2015" (PDF) (in الروسية). Statistics office of Tajikistan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
^ ^أ ^ب Jamoat-level basic indicators, United Nations Development Programme in Tajikistan, accessed 3 October 2020

[weatherbase-1] "Climate of Vose'". Weatherbase.com. Retrieved 2 August 2014.

[pop2020-2] أ ^ب ^ت "Population of the Republic of Tajikistan as of 1 January 2020" (PDF) (in الروسية). Statistics office of Tajikistan. Retrieved 3 October 2020.

[КОНСТИТУЦИЯ_РЕСПУБЛИКИ_ТАДЖИКИСТАН-3] "КОНСТИТУЦИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАДЖИКИСТАН". prokuratura.tj. Parliament of Tajikistan. Retrieved 9 January 2020.

[4] "Istaravshan". Retrieved March 19, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[pop2015-5] "Population of the Republic of Tajikistan as of 1 January 2015" (PDF) (in الروسية). Statistics office of Tajikistan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 3 October 2020.

[jambi-6] أ ^ب Jamoat-level basic indicators, United Nations Development Programme in Tajikistan, accessed 3 October 2020

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[6]

v t e أكبر المدن أو البلدات في طاجيكستان Tajikistan Statistics Agency
	الترتيب		الولاية	التعداد
دوشنبه خوجند	1	دوشنبه	دوشنبه	846,400	قرغان‌تپه كولاب
	2	خوجند	صغد	181,600
	3	قرغان‌تپه	خطلان	110,800
	4	كولاب	خطلان	105,500
	5	إستروشن	صغد	64,600
	6	إسفرة	صغد	59,500
	7	Vahdat	النواحي التابعة للجمهورية	55,000
	8	Tursunzoda	النواحي التابعة للجمهورية	53,700
	9	Konibodom	صغد	52,200
	10	Panjakent	صغد	42,800