نعاميات

Ratites Temporal range: paleocene–Present PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Mid-Paleocene–Present
Various ratite birds
التصنيف العلمي
مملكة:	الحيوان
Phylum:	الحبليات
Class:	الطيور
Subclass:	الطيور الحديثة
Superorder:	Palaeognathae
Order:	Struthioniformes* (Latham, 1790)
Families
Struthionidae ostrich Rheidae rhea Casuariidae emu, cassowary †Aepyornithidae elephant bird †Dinornithidae moa Apterygidae kiwi
Synonyms
Gallinae (لينايوس, 1735) Brachypterae (Mohr, 1752) Grallae (لينايوس, 1760) Nudipedes (Schäffer, 1774) Fissipedes bidactyles (Schäffer, 1774) Retipedes (Scopoli, 1777) Struthiones (Latham, 1790) Campestres (Illiger, 1811) Cursores (Illiger, 1811) Proceri (Illiger, 1811) Megistanes (Vieillot, 1816) Brevipennes (Cuvier, 1817) Pressirostres (Cuvier, 1817) Inertes (Temminck, 1820) Ratitae (Ranzani, 1823) Rasores (Vigors, (1826) Cursitrices (MacGillivray, (1840) Grallatores (Keyserling & Bl., 1840) Proceres (Sunder.,1872) Struthiornithiformes

النعاميات طيور لا تطير لكبر حجمها ومن أنواعها المعروفة النعامة والشبنام وطائر الكيوي وطائر الري

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 الأنواع

 أشكال منقرضة

Comparison of a kiwi, ostrich, and Dinornis, each with its egg

 معرض صورأنواع الكائنات الحية

• 

  Ostrich

• 

  American Rhea

• 

  Darwin's Rhea

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  Southern Cassowary

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  Dwarf Cassowary

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  Emu head

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  Great Spotted Kiwi

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  Little Spotted Kiwi

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  Tokoeka

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  North Island Brown Kiwi

 المصادر

• Brands, Sheila (2008-08-14). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Order Struthioniformes". Project: The Taxonomicon. Retrieved 2009-02-04.
• Bruning, D. F. (2003). "Rheas". In Hutchins, Michael (ed.). Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Vol. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2 ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 53–55. ISBN 0 7976 5784 0. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
• Congressional Research Service (2005). "CRS Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition - Order Code 97-905" (pdf). The Library of Congress. Retrieved 15 Jul 2009. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month=, |dateformat=, and |coauthors= (help)

• Cooper, A.; Lalueza-Fox, C.; Anderson, S.; Rambaut, A.; Austin, J.; Ward, R. (2001-02-08). "Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of Two Extinct Moas Clarify Ratite Evolution". Nature. 409: 704–707. doi:10.1038/35055536. Retrieved 2008-04-05.

• Gray, George Robert (1863). Catalogue of British Birds in the Collection of the British Museum (PDF). Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London, UK: Taylor and Francis. p. 133. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lastn=, |laydate=, |coauthors=, |editorn-link=, |nopp=, |separator=, |laysummary=, |trans_title=, |editorn-first=, |authorn-link=, |trans_chapter=, |editorn-last=, |chapterurl=, |authormask=, |month=, |lastauthoramp=, and |firstn= (help)

• Hackett, Shannon J. (2008-06-27). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. doi:10.1126/science.1157704. Retrieved 2008-10-18. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

• Haddrath, O.; Baker, A. (2001). "Complete Mitochondrial DNA Genome Sequences of Extinct Birds: Ratite Phylogenetics and the Vicariance Biogeography Hypothesis". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 268: 939–945. doi:10.1098/rspb.2001.1587.

• Harshman, J. (2008-09-09). "Phylogenetic Evidence for Multiple Losses of Flight in Ratite Birds". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA). 105 (36): 13462–13467. doi:10.1073/pnas.0803242105. Retrieved 2008-10-17. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

• Holmes, Bob (2008-06-16). "Bird evolutionary tree given a shake by DNA study". New Scientist. Retrieved 2009-02-04.

• Salvadori, Tomasso (1895). Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. Vol. XXVII. Red Lion Court Fleet Street, London UK: Taylor and Francis. p. 570. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |lastn=, |laydate=, |editorn-link=, |nopp=, |separator=, |laysummary=, |trans_title=, |editorn-first=, |authorn-link=, |trans_chapter=, |editorn-last=, |chapterurl=, |authormask=, |month=, |lastauthoramp=, and |firstn= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)