معركة ترنتون

لمعلومات عن the battle that took place in Trenton, New Jersey on January 2, 1777، انظر Battle of the Assunpink Creek.

معركة ترنتون Battle of Trenton
جزء من الحرب الثورية الأمريكية
Battle of Trenton, by H. Charles McBarron, Jr., 1975
التاريخ Morning of 26 ديسمبر 1776 (1776-12-26) الموقع Trenton, New Jersey النتيجة نصر أمريكي حاسم
المتحاربون
الولايات المتحدة	Hesse-Kassel
القادة والزعماء
George Washington Nathanael Greene	Johann Rall †
القوى
2,400 18 guns	1,500 6 guns
الضحايا والخسائر
2 dead (of exposure during march) 5 wounded Additional non-combat casualties likely	22 killed 83 wounded 900 - 1000 captured

The Battle of Trenton was a small but pivotal battle during the الحرب الثورية الأمريكية which took place on the morning of December 26, 1776, in Trenton, New Jersey. After General George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River north of Trenton the previous night, Washington led the main body of the Continental Army against Hessian soldiers garrisoned at Trenton. After a brief battle, nearly the entire Hessian force was captured, with negligible losses to the Americans. The battle significantly boosted the Continental Army's flagging morale, and inspired re-enlistments.

The Continental Army had previously suffered several defeats in New York and had been forced to retreat through New Jersey to Pennsylvania. Morale in the army was low; to end the year on a positive note, George Washington—Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army—devised a plan to cross the Delaware River on the night of December 25–26 and surround the Hessian garrison.

Because the river was icy and the weather severe, the crossing proved dangerous. Two detachments were unable to cross the river, leaving Washington with only 2,400 men under his command in the assault. The army marched 9 miles (14 km) south to Trenton. The Hessians had lowered their guard, thinking they were safe from the American army, and had no long-distance outposts or patrols. Washington's forces caught them off guard and, after a short but fierce resistance, most of the Hessians surrendered. Almost two thirds of the 1,500-man garrison was captured, and only a few troops escaped across Assunpink Creek.

Despite the battle's small numbers, the American victory inspired rebels in the colonies. With the success of the revolution in doubt a week earlier, the army had seemed on the verge of collapse. The dramatic victory inspired soldiers to serve longer and attracted new recruits to the ranks.

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 تمهيد

 الخطة الأمريكية

The American plan of attack under Washington

 التحركات الهسية

The Hessian Sketch of the Battle of Trenton

 العبور والتقدم

المقالة الرئيسية: Washington's crossing of the Delaware River

Passage of the Delaware, painting by American Thomas Sully, 1819

Cannon at Washington's Crossing Historic Park

 المعركة

انظر أيضاً: Order of battle of the Battle of Trenton

 الهجوم الأمريكي

The Battle of Trenton, December 26, 1776

 الخسائر والاستيلاء

George Washington at the Battle of Trenton engraving by the Illman Brothers in 1870

 Aftermath and legacy

Capture of the Hessians at Trenton, by John Trumbull

 انظر أيضاً

• List of American Revolutionary War battles
• New Jersey during the American Revolution
• Second Battle of Trenton
• Battle of Princeton
• Battle of Yorktown
• Battle of Saratoga
• Battle of Bennington

 المراجع

• Brooks, Victor (1999). How America Fought Its Wars. New York: De Capo Press. ISBN 1-58097-002-8.
• Burt, Daniel S. (2001). The Biography Book. New York: Oryx Press. ISBN 1-57356-256-4.
• Elson, William Henry (1908). History of the United States of America. Macmillan.
• Ferling, John (2007). Almost a Miracle. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-518121-2.
• Fischer, David Hackett (2006). Washington's Crossing. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-517034-2.
• Ketchum, Richard (1999). The Winter Soldiers: The Battles for Trenton and Princeton. Holt Paperbacks; 1st Owl books ed edition. ISBN 0-8050-6098-7.
• Lengel, Edward (2005). General George Washington. New York: Random House Paperbacks. ISBN 0-8129-6950-2.
• McCullough, David (2006). 1776. New York: Simon and Schuster Paperback. ISBN 0-7432-2672-0.
• Mitchell, Craig (2003). George Washington's New Jersey. Middle Atlantic Press. ISBN 0-9705804-1-X.
• Rosenfeld, Lucy (2007). George Washington's New Jersey. Rutgers. ISBN 0-8135-3969-2.
• Savas, Theodore (2003). Guide to the Battles of the American Revolution. Savas Beatie. ISBN 1-932714-12-X.
• Sawicki, James A. (1981). Infantry Regiments of the US Army. Dumfries, VA: Wyvern Publications. ISBN 978-0-9602404-3-2.
• Scheer, George (1987). Rebels and Redcoats. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80307-0.
• Stanhope, Phillip Henry (1854). History of England: From the Peace of Utrecht to the Peace of Versailles. GB, Murray.
• Wiederholdt, Andreas (2015) [1862]. Tagebuch des Capt. Wiederholdt vom 7 Oktober bis 7 December 1780. The University of Michigan Library: The MacMillan Co, New York. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (|editor= suggested) (help)
• Wood, W.J. Henry (2003). Battles of the Revolutionary War. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81329-7.

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 وصلات خارجية

• "The Two Battles of Trenton". The Trenton Historical Society.
• "The Winter Patriots: The Trenton-Princeton Campaign of 1776-1777". George Washington's Mount Vernon.