قومول
قومول
哈密市 • قۇمۇل شەھىرى | |
|---|---|
| Hami | |
 Hami Museum | |
 Hami prefecture (red) in Xinjiang (orange) | |
  قومول الموقع في شينجيانگ | |
| الإحداثيات: 42°50′19″N 93°30′15″E / 42.83861°N 93.50417°E | |
| البلد | الصين |
| منطقة ذاتية | شينجيانگ |
| المساحة | |
| • الإجمالي | 140٬749 كم² (54٬343 ميل²) |
| المنسوب | 759 m (2٬490 ft) |
| التعداد | |
| • الإجمالي | 541٬836 |
| • الكثافة | 3٫8/km2 (10�0/sq mi) |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 839000 |
قومول (ويغور: قۇمۇل, Қумул، أ.ل.أ.: Qumul، خ.ج.و.: K̡umul؟) وتُعرف أيضاً بإسم هامي (صينية: 哈密؛ پنين: Hāmì�)؛ هي مدينة بمستوى محافظة في شرق شينجيانگ، الصين. It is well known as the home of sweet Hami melons. In early 2016, the former Hami county-level city was merged with Hami Prefecture to form Hami prefecture-level city now known as Yizhou District.[1][2]
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الأصل والأسماء
Cumuḍa (sometimes Cimuda or Cunuda) is the oldest known endonym of Hami, when it was founded by a people known in Han Chinese sources as the Xiao Yuezhi ("Lesser Yuezhi"),[3] during the 1st millennium BCE.
الجغرافيا والمناخ
Hami is located at the border with Gansu province.
| Climate data for قومول (1971−2000) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −3.2 (26.2) |
3.7 (38.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
21.5 (70.7) |
28.0 (82.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
34.2 (93.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
27.7 (81.9) |
18.7 (65.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
17.9 (64.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.9 (3.4) |
−10.6 (12.9) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
5.6 (42.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
16.8 (62.2) |
10.5 (50.9) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−12.7 (9.1) |
3.0 (37.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.05) |
1.5 (0.06) |
1.2 (0.05) |
2.0 (0.08) |
3.9 (0.15) |
6.6 (0.26) |
7.3 (0.29) |
5.3 (0.21) |
3.3 (0.13) |
3.3 (0.13) |
2.0 (0.08) |
1.3 (0.05) |
39 (1.54) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.7 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 24.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 60 | 46 | 33 | 28 | 32 | 39 | 41 | 42 | 44 | 48 | 53 | 62 | 44 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 210.4 | 219.9 | 267.9 | 288.3 | 338.8 | 329.6 | 333.4 | 323.3 | 296.9 | 270.6 | 216.5 | 189.5 | 3٬285٫1 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 73 | 74 | 73 | 72 | 75 | 72 | 72 | 75 | 79 | 79 | 74 | 68 | 74 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration [4] | |||||||||||||
التقسيمات الادارية
| الخريطة | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | الاسم | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Population (2010 Census) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) | |
| 1 | Yizhou District | 伊州区 | Yīzhōu Qū | ئىۋىرغول رايونى | Iwirghol Rayoni | 472,175 | 81,794 | 5.77 | |
| 2 | Yiwu [Aratürük] County | 伊吾县 | Yīwú Xiàn | ئارا تۈرۈك ناھىيىسى | Ara Türük Nahiyisi | 24,783 | 19,821 | 1.25 | |
| 3 | Barkol Kazakh Autonomous County | 巴里坤哈萨克自治县 | Bālǐkūn Hāsàkè Zìzhìxiàn | ئاپتونوم ناھىيىسى باركۆل قازاق | Barköl Qazaq Aptonom Nahiyisi | 75,442 | 37,304 | 2.02 | |
الديمغرافيا
اعتبارا من 2002[تحديث], Qumul had a population of about 519,700 of which 68.4% were Han Chinese and 31.6% ethnic minorities-mostly Uyghurs, Kazakhs and Hui.
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
- ^ E. Bretschneider (1876). Notices of the Mediæval Geography and History of Central and Western Asia. Trübner & Company. pp. 110–.
- ^ Journal of the North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. The Branch. 1876. pp. 184–.
- ^ H. W. Bailey, Indo-Scythian Studies: Being Khotanese Texts, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 6–7, 16, 101, 133.
- ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年） (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2010-05-04.
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المراجع
- Giles, Lionel (1930–1932). "A Chinese Geographical Text of the Ninth Century." BSOS VI, pp. 825–846.
- Grosier, Abbe (1888). A General Description of China. Translated from the French. G.G.J. and J. Robinson, London.
- Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1.
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وصلات خارجية
- hmnet.gov.cn Chinese government site on K̡umul (in Chinese)
- hami.gov.cn Chinese government site on K̡umul (in Chinese)
- Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
- CS1 uses الصينية-language script (zh)
- Short description is different from Wikidata
- Articles containing صينية-language text
- Articles containing Uyghur-language text
- Coordinates on Wikidata
- مقالات تحتوي نصوصاً باللغة الصينية
- مقالات فيها عبارات متقادمة منذ 2002
- جميع المقالات التي فيها عبارات متقادمة
- أماكن مأهولة على طريق الحرير
- أماكن مأهولة في شينجيانگ
- واحات الصين
- قومول