فريجيدير
 | |
| النوع | Division of Electrolux |
|---|---|
| الصناعة | Major appliances, small appliances |
| تأسست | 1918 |
| المؤسس | ويليام دورانت  |
| المقر الرئيسي | Charlotte, North Carolina, U.S. |
| المنتجات | Clothes washers and dryers, refrigerators, freezers, dishwashers, ranges, room air conditioners, dehumidifiers, and microwave ovens. |
| الشركة الأم | إلكترولوكس |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | www |
Frigidaire Appliance Company is the US consumer and commercial home appliances brand subsidiary of European parent company Electrolux.
Frigidaire was founded as the Guardian Frigerator Company in Fort Wayne, Indiana, and developed the first self-contained refrigerator, invented by Nathanniel B. Wales and Alfred Mellowes in 1916. In 1918, William C. Durant, a founder of General Motors, personally invested in the company and in 1919, it adopted the name Frigidaire.[1]
The brand was so well known in the refrigeration field in the early-to-mid-1900s, that many Americans called any refrigerator a Frigidaire regardless of brand.[2] In France, Quebec and some other French-speaking countries or areas, the word Frigidaire is often in use as a synonym today. The name Frigidaire or its antecedent Frigerator may be the origin of the widely used English word fridge, although more likely simply an abbreviation of refrigerator which is a word known to have been used as early as 1611.[3][4][5]
From 1919 to 1979, the company was owned by General Motors. During that period, it was first a subsidiary of Delco-Light and was later an independent division based in Dayton, Ohio. The division also manufactured the compressors for GM's cars that were equipped with air conditioning. While the company was owned by General Motors, its logo featured the phrase "Product of General Motors", and later renamed to "Home Environment Division of General Motors". Frigidaire was sold to the White Sewing Machine Company in 1979, which in 1986 was purchased by Electrolux, its current parent. The company claims firsts including:
- Electric self-contained refrigerator (September, 1918 in Detroit)[6]
- Home food freezer
- Room air conditioner
- 30" electric range
- Coordinated colors for home appliances
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الغسالات الأوتوماتيكية
During the years that Frigidaire was owned by General Motors, it was very competitive in the automatic clothes-washing-machine business. Frigidaire engineer Kenneth Sisson, also credited with the design of the incrementing timer used on clothes washers and dishwashers for years to come, designed the Frigidaire automatic washer with the Unimatic mechanism in the late 1930s. Production of the first Frigidaire automatic clothes washers was halted due to World War II and therefore the machine was not formally introduced until 1947. The washing action of a Frigidaire automatic was unique in that the agitator pulsated up and down, a unique departure from the traditional oscillating type. The Frigidaire washers were commonly named for their mechanisms, which underwent frequent changes over the years. The Unimatic was in production the longest, for any single Frigidaire mechanism, from 1947 to 1958. The Pulsamatic mechanism, unique in that it pulsated 630 times per minute, was introduced in 1955 for the lower-end models. This became the foundation for the Multimatic, introduced for the 1959 model year. The Multimatic lasted through 1964, as the Rollermatic was brought out for the 1965 lineup. The Rollermatic was unique in that instead of using an oil-filled gearcase, metal and urethane rollers transferred the power within the mechanism. This underwent a slight revision in 1970 for the new eighteen-pound capacity 1-18, which kept the same basic mechanism but differed in that it was belt-driven off of the motor and added a recirculating pump. Besides the unique action, another notable feature of these older washers was the final, high-speed spin cycle (nicknamed "Rapidry"), 1140 revolutions per minute in the Unimatic, 850 in the Multimatic, and 1010 in the high-end Rollermatic models.
When Frigidaire was acquired by White Consolidated Industries in 1979, it abandoned the General Motors design in favor of the Westinghouse-produced top-loading design, as White-Westinghouse was already among its house brands by this time.
الثلاجات
Frigidaire also produces a wide variety of refrigerators and freezers for the consumer market. Their model line-up includes refrigerator freezer units of several different types. The selection they offer includes traditional Top Freezer models, as well as more modern Side-By-Side and French Door styles.[7]
In 2016, Frigidaire partnered with Ryder and Embark, an autonomous trucking firm, to deliver refrigerators from Texas to California. Level 2 autonomous trucks are used. They have a driver behind the wheel at all times. The reason for experimenting with autonomous vehicles is a looming shortage of drivers. In 2015, the American Trucking Association predicted that there would be a shortage of 175,000 drivers by 2024.[8]
مكيفات الهواء
In addition to manufacturing room air conditioners, Frigidaire also provided the factory air conditioning systems for General Motors automobiles. From the 1950s through the 1970s, these units developed a reputation for providing powerful air conditioning systems on virtually all GM cars & trucks from the largest Cadillacs to the small Chevrolet Vega. G.M. also sold Frigidaire auto air conditioning compressors to British Leyland for Jaguar autos and to Rolls Royce for Rolls Royce and Bentley autos.[9]
التصنيع
A new cooktop manufacturing facility opened in the Frank C. Pidgeon Industrial park, southwest of Memphis. The facility is built to LEED certification standards. Workers will manufacture the company's Electrolux ICON, Electrolux and Frigidaire product lines, including drop-in/slide-in ranges, wall ovens, specialty free standing ranges and cook tops. The $190 million, 750,000 square foot Memphis manufacturing plant began production of stoves and ranges in 2013. The plant’s research and development center includes the technology and machinery to simulate a stove’s lifetime usage and performance expectations and can test more than 300 products at one time.[10]
Electrolux/Frigidaire also operates a manufacturing facility for free standing gas and electric ranges in Springfield, Tennessee. The Springfield facility currently employs about 2,900 people.
It also has operated a large manufacturing facility in Northern Mexico since 2005.[11]
انظر أيضاً
- Frigidaire Building, a historic structure in Portland, Oregon
الهامش
- ^ Cross, Mary (2002). A Century of American Icons: 100 Products and Slogans from the 20th-Century Consumer Culture. Greenwood Press. pp. 54–55. ISBN 978-0313314810. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
- ^ [The Frigidaire Story, GM Heritage Center]
- ^ Merriam Webster Dictionary
- ^ Online Etymology Dictionary
- ^ Dictionary.com
- ^ "Wright State University" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-01-06. Retrieved 2009-07-14.
- ^ Frigidaire Refrigerator Styles
- ^ Seppala, Timothy (13 November 2017). "Embark's semi-autonomous trucks are hauling Frigidaire appliances". Engadget. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
- ^ 1969 Rolls Royce brochure
- ^ Electrolux Newsrooms (26 November 2012). "First Electrolux Employees Move into New Memphis Manufacturing Plant". Electrolux. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
- ^ Site Selection for Mexican Manufacturing Plant